定语从句专题（Period1-2).doc

定语从句专题Period 1 关系词的选择考点1. 相关概念A. 主句、从句、先行词、关系词例句：This is the boy who won the first prize in the English Speech Competition.关系词的三个作用 i. 作定语从句的一个句子成分。ii. 起着连接主句和从句的作用）。iii. 代指被修饰的先行词。（例句中，who作定语从句的主语，同时起着连接作用，在意思上，指代的是前面的先行词the boy。）B. 关系词i. 关系代词指人时可以用_, 也可用_。指物时可以用_ 也可用_。whose可以指人也可以指物。特殊关系词：as关系代词作_时可以省略。Do you know the boy who/whom/that/( / ) we talked about just now?ii. 关系副词关系副词在从句中只能作状语。when 指时间，where指地点，why指原因，how不能作关系词。We will put off the picnic until next week when the weather may be better. He has reached the point where a change is needed.This is the way how I did it. (how不能作关系词)Ex. 用符号标出下列句子的主句、定语从句、先行词和关系词。主句：_ 定语从句:（ ）先行词：先行词 关系词： 例：This is the book (that I have been looking for). Have you bought the book which we talked about？ I still remember the day which we spent together last week. He still lives in the house whose windows face south. They arrived in the early morning when the sky was still dark. The days were gone when we had to travel on horses. Is this the hospital where you were born?考点2. 关系词的选择技巧A. 选用哪个关系词，关键是看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分含有定语从句的复合句可以分为两部分：主句和从句。关系词是定语从句的一个成分。选用关系词，要看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分，而不是看先行词是什么词性。 He worked in the factory_ produces TV sets. He worked in the factory _his father had worked. I like the school _ is near to my home. I like the school _my sister studies.B. 关系词一般要位于定语从句的句首The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which C. 只能用that不能用which的情况:_1. I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault. A. whoB. thatC. asD. what 2. Please send us all the information_ you have about the candidate for the position.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what3. The most important thing _ we should pay attention to is the first thing _ I have said.A. which; that B. that; which C. which; whichD. that; that4. My watch is not the only thing _ is missing.A. thatB. itC. whichwho5. This is the very film _ Ive long wished to see. A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom 6. Its the third time _ late this month.A. that you arrivedB. when you arrived C. that youve arrivedD. when youve arrived7. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that8. He talked a lot about things and persons _ they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what9. She is no longer the sweet girl _ she used to be.A. whatB. whoC. whenD. that10. Who is the person _ is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower?A. whoB. thatC. whichD. whom 11. Who _ has common sense will do such a thing? A. whichB. whoC. whomD. that12. Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A. learnB. whoC. that learnsD. who learn注意：关系副词不受这些规则的影响13. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually. A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whose14. This is the same house _ her grandfather was born.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whoseD. 只用which, who, whom不用that的情况_1. Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _ she spoke fluently. A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that2. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond our control.A. most of them B. most of which C. most of whatD. most of that3. As a child, Jack studied in a village school, _ is named after his grandfather.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. that4. That evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whenE. whose可指人也可指物He lives in a house. Its window faces south.He is the farmer. His son is studying in Qinghua University.1. I saw some trees _ the leaves were black with disease. A. whereB. of whichC. in whichD. whose2. The old temple, _ roof was damaged in storm, is now under repair.A. whereB. whichC. itsD. whose3. A company_ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.A. whichB. whoseC. whoD. why 4. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.A. whoseB. thatC. whoD. which注意点：what不能作关系代词；one 作同位语1. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _ I will always treasure.A. thatB. oneC. itD. what2. Her sister has become a lawyer, _ he wanted to be.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which3. For Tim this was the beginning of a new life, _ he thought he would never see.A. whatB. thatC. oneD. it4. Helping others is a habit, _ you can learn even at an early age.A. itB. thatC. whatD. oneEXI. 单句改错1. Having tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 oclock at night.2. She showed me the dictionary, on that she spent most of her money.II. 语法填空（每空至多填三词）3. Miss Smith is a strict but good teacher, _ often cares about our life and study at school.4. Many children, _ parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village. 5. The old man has two sons, _ are lawyers. 6. The books on the desk, _ covers are shiny, are prizes for us.III. 写作技能提升7. 上学时我遇到过很多老师，其中两位对我影响很大。(through the course of, meet, two of, influence)8. 参观你所在的城市是一次难忘的经历，一次我将永生珍视的经历。（visiting your city, experience, one, treasure for the rest of my life）9. 那些树，树枝几乎秃了，都有数百年了。（branches, bare, hundreds of ）4Period 2 As 用作关系代词考点1. 关系代词which与as引导定语从句的区别1.which只能放在主句后面，而as引导的从句位置相对较灵活，可在前，可在后。如：As he realized，I was very useful to him.He came late again，which made his boss angry.在which引导的定语从句中，谓语动词若是am，is，are，则这些系动词不能省略，而as后面若是这种情况，则可以省略。如：He is a teacher，as (is)clear from his manner.(is可以省略) He said he had never seen her before，which was not true.2.当which引导的从句在意义上近乎并列关系时，可以用and this，and that代替，意思是“这一点”。 当定语从句位于主句之后，纯粹表示主句所述的内容，不带有“如那样”的意思时，往往用which，而不用as。He changed his mind，which (and this，and that)made me very angry.She has married again，which (and this，and that)was unexpected.As is announced in todays newspaper，we must improve our style of work.3.当定语从句有“如同那样”的意思时，用as比用which更常见，而这些从句几乎成为固定说法。as is often the case.as was naturalas might have been expected.as is show in the figure.。as we knowas has been said above/beforeas has been pointed outas might be imagined4. 定语从句表否定，只能用_ 例句:考点2. 如先行词被such, the same, so+形容词+a/an，as+形容词+a/an修饰，关系词要用as。1. Its such a heavy stone as nobody can move.2. He is so good a student as every teacher likes.3. This is the same watch as was worn by John. 4. This is the same bag (the very bag) that I lost yesterday.5. It was so difficult a problem _ no one worked it out.6. It was so difficult a problem _ no one worked out.练习1. He is such a lazy man _ nobody wants to work with _.A. as; himB. that; /C. as; /D. whom; him2. It wasnt such a good present _ he had promised me. A. thatB. asC. whichD. what 3. We should read such books _ will make us better and wiser.A. whenB. asC. whose D. what4. This is such a heavy box _ I can