M5U2柯林斯词典(精简).doc

M5 U2Collins Senior English-Chinese Dictionary柯林斯高级英汉双解词典M5 Unit 21. unite /yunat/ ( unites, uniting, united, to unite )V-T/V-I If a group of people or things unite or if something unites them, they join together and act as a group. 使联合; 联合例：We need to unite against terrorism.我们需要团结起来反对恐怖主义。2. kingdom /kdm/( kingdoms )1. N-COUNT A kingdom is a country or region that is ruled by a king or queen. 王国例：The kingdoms power declined.王国的势力衰落了。2. N-SING All the animals, birds, and insects in the world can be referred to together as the animal kingdom. All the plants can be referred to as the plant kingdom. (动物或植物) 界例：The animal kingdom is full of fine and glorious creatures.动物界有很多精巧而美妙的生物。3. consist /knsst/ ( consists, consisting, consisted )1. V-I Something that consists of particular things or people is formed from them. (以) 为组成部分例：My diet consisted almost exclusively of chocolate-covered cookies and glasses of milk.我的饮食几乎只包含裹上巧克力的曲奇饼和一杯杯牛奶。2. V-I Something that consists in something else has that thing as its main or only part. (以) 为主要组成部分例：His work as a consultant consisted in advising foreign companies on the siting of new factories.他做顾问的工作主要包括就新工厂选址为外国公司提出意见。4. consist of由构成例：All bodies consist of molecules and these of atoms. 所有物质都是由分子和原子组成的。be made up of 由构成例：In the wild, wolf packs tend to be made up of close family members representing up to three generations.在野生状态下，狼群由相近的家庭成员结成，通常三代，第一批幼崽的父母是狼群当然的头领。5. London Heathrow Airport希思罗机场，位于英国伦敦例：Kelly is from Jamaica. When she went to England with her parents, her aunt Mary met them at Heathrow Airport.凯丽是牙买加人，当她随着父母来到英国时，她的阿姨玛丽在希思罗机场接她们。6. province /prvns/ ( provinces )N-COUNT A province is a large section of a country that has its own administration. 省例：.the Algarve, Portugals southernmost province.阿尔加维，葡萄牙最南端的一个省。7. River Avonn. 埃文河（英国西南部一河）；雅芳（化妆品品牌）例：THE Waterside Hotel looks a heavenly spot for a stay, overlooking the river Avon in a quiet part of Worcestershire.因为可以俯瞰埃文河，在伍斯特郡静谧一隅的湖畔旅馆被认为是一个极好的下榻之所。8. River Thames泰晤士河（英国一河流）例：The skeleton of a whale which died after becoming stranded swimming up the River Thames is going on public display.这具鲸鱼骨架是一条在英国泰晤士河中因搁浅致死的鲸鱼的骨架，目前它被公开展出。9. River Severnn. 塞汶河（英国西南部地方的河名）例： In the future, the U.K. has proposed a tidal power barrage across the Severn Estuary that separates England and Wales.在将来，英国政府还计划在英格兰和威尔士交界的Severn河口处修建一座潮汐坝电站。10. divideinto把分成例：He believes the exchanges world could divide into what he calls super-continentals and strong regionals.他认为，证交所世界可能会分裂为他所谓的“超级大洲证交所和强劲地区证交所”两大块。11. Walesn. 威尔士（英国大不列颠岛西南部地区）例：England, Scotland and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士组成大不列颠岛国。例：And the Rhondda does not have the highest rate for teenage mums in England or in Wales.而且朗达地区未成年女性生育的比例在英格兰和威尔士还不算是最高的。12. Scotlandn. 苏格兰例：He traveled Scotland last year.他去年在苏格兰旅行。13. Northern Ireland北爱尔兰自治区（在爱尔兰东北部）例：Sterling, after all, is the common currency of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.英镑毕竟是英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰的共同货币。例：While Scotland and Northern Ireland have always had separate legal systems to England, this has not been the case with Wales.虽然苏格兰和北爱尔兰一直都有自己单独的与英格兰不同的法律制度，但威尔士不是这样。14. clarify /klrfken/ ( clarifies, clarifying, clarified, to clarify )V-T To clarify something means to make it easier to understand, usually by explaining it in more detail. 澄清FORMAL例：Thank you for writing and allowing me to clarify the present position.谢谢你来信并允许我澄清目前的状况。clarification (clarifications) N-VAR 澄清例：The union has written to Detroit asking for clarification of the situation.工会已经写信给底特律，要求对此情况给予澄清。15. accomplish /kmpl/(accomplishes,accomplishing, accomplished,to accomplish )V-T If you accomplish something, you succeed in doing it. 完成例：If wed all work together, I think we could accomplish our goal.如果我们齐心协力，我想我们能实现我们的目标。16. conflict ( conflicts, conflicting, conflicted, to conflict )名词读作knflkt。动词读作knflkt。1. N-UNCOUNT Conflict is serious disagreement and argument about something important. If two people or groups are in conflict, they have had a serious disagreement or argument and have not yet reached agreement. 争执; 分歧 oft in/into N例：Try to keep any conflict between you and your ex-partner to a minimum.尽量把你和前合伙人之间的争执控制到最少。2. N-UNCOUNT Conflict is a state of mind in which you find it impossible to make a decision. 矛盾心态例：.the anguish of his own inner conflict.他自己内心矛盾的痛苦。3. N-VAR Conflict is fighting between countries or groups of people. (国家或团体之间的) 冲突WRITTEN例：.talks aimed at ending four decades of conflict.旨在结束40年冲突的会谈。4. N-VAR A conflict is a serious difference between two or more beliefs, ideas, or interests. If two beliefs, ideas, or interests are in conflict, they are very different. (信念、观点、利益之间的) 冲突例：There is a conflict between what they are doing and what you want.他们在做的和你想要的之间存在冲突。5. V-RECIP If ideas, beliefs, or accounts conflict, they are very different from each other and it seems impossible for them to exist together or to each be true. (观点、信念、陈述等) 相冲突例：Personal ethics and professional ethics sometimes conflict.个人道德与职业道德之间有时会相冲突。例：He held firm opinions which usually conflicted with mine.他持有坚定的、通常跟我的相冲突的观点。17. unwilling /nwl/1. ADJ If you are unwilling to do something, you do not want to do it and will not agree to do it. 不愿意的例：Initially the government was unwilling to accept the defeat.最初，政府不愿意接受失败。unwillingness N-UNCOUNT不愿意例：.their unwillingness to accept responsibility for mistakes.他们不愿意承担出错的责任。2. ADJ You can use unwilling to describe someone who does not really want to do the thing they are doing. 不情愿的例：A youthful teacher, he finds himself an unwilling participant in school politics.作为一位青年教师，他发现自己很不情愿地卷入了学校的权术之争。unwillingly ADV不情愿地例：He accepted his orders very unwillingly.他非常不情愿地接受了他的命令。18. break away (from)脱离；放弃；逃跑例：While icebergs naturally break away from the mainland, collapses like this are unusual but are happening more frequently in recent decades, Vaughan said.而沃恩认为，在冰山自然脱离大陆时，类似于此的崩塌想象非同寻常，但在最近几十年却是极为频繁。例：East Timor, a former Portuguese colony, voted to break away from Indonesia in a violence-marred vote in 1999.东帝汶先前是葡萄牙殖民地。 东帝汶选民在1999年一次不断发生暴力威胁的投票中决定脱离印度尼西亚独立。19. union /yunyn/ ( unions )1. N-COUNT A union is a workers organization which represents its members and which tries to improve things such as their working conditions and pay. 工会例：Do all teachers have a right to join a union?所有的教师都有权利加入工会吗？2. N-UNCOUNT When the union of two or more things occurs, they are joined together and become one thing. 合并例：In 1918 the Romanian majority in this former czarist province voted for union with Romania.1918年，这个前沙俄省份的大多数罗马尼亚人投票支持与罗马尼亚合并。3. N-SING When two or more things, for example countries or organizations, have been joined together to form one thing, you can refer to them as a union. 联盟例：Tanzania is a union of the states of Tanganyika and Zanzibar.坦桑尼亚是坦噶尼喀州和桑给巴尔州的联盟。20. the Union Jack英国国旗；联合王国国旗例：Indeed, it was a Bengali woman that lowered the Union Jack in Bombay to end the British rule in India.事实上，正是孟加拉妇女在孟买降下了英国国旗，结束了英国在印度的统治。21. credit /krdt/ ( credits, crediting, credited, to credit )1. N-UNCOUNT If you are given credit, you are allowed to pay for goods or services several weeks or months after you have received them. 赊购例：The group cant get credit to buy farming machinery.该集团无法以赊购方式购买农业机械。2. N-UNCOUNT If you get the credit for something good, people praise you because you are responsible for it, or are thought to be responsible for it. 赞扬例：We dont mind who gets the credit so long as we dont get the blame.只要我们不挨批评，谁受到表扬我们都不在乎。例：It would be wrong for us to take all the credit.我们把所有的功劳都揽到自己身上就不对了。3. N-COUNT A credit is a sum of money which is added to an account. 贷方款额例：The statement of total debits and credits is known as a balance.总的借贷报表称作借贷平衡表。4. N-COUNT A credit is a successfully completed part of a higher education course, representing about one hour of instruction a week. At universities and colleges you need a certain number of credits to be awarded a degree. 学分例：Through the AP program students can earn college credits in high school.通过大学预修课程计划，学生在中学就可以拿到大学的学分。5. PHRASE To give someone credit for a good quality means to believe that they have it. 相信某人有例：Bratbakk had more ability than the media gave him credit for.布拉特巴克有比媒体所宣传的还要强的能力。6. PHRASE If something is to someones credit, they deserve praise for it. 值得赞扬例：She had managed to pull herself together and, to her credit, continued to look upon life as a positive experience.她努力使自己振作起来，并且值得称赞的是，她一如既往地积极面对人生。22. to ones credit值得赞扬例： To Brian Wilsons credit, he was the one who replaced his brother Dennis with Mr. Blaine, starting with Little Deuce Coupe in 1963.例： To its credit, VOA is one of the few parts of the U.S. government that has dared to use circumvention technologies, which allow access to the open Web.23. currency /krnsi/ ( currencies )N-VAR The money used in a particular country is referred to as its currency. 货币例：Tourism is the countrys top earner of foreign currency.旅游业是该国外汇收入最高的行业。例：More people favor a single European currency than oppose it.支持欧洲单一货币的人比反对的多。24. institution /nsttun/ ( institutions )1. N-COUNT; N-IN-NAMES An institution is a large important organization such as a university, church, or bank. 机构例：.financial institutions.金融机构。2. N-COUNT; N-IN-NAMES An institution is a building where certain people are cared for, such as people who are mentally ill or children who have no parents. 社会福利机构例：Larry has been in an institution since he was four.拉里从4岁起就在孤儿院生活。3. N-COUNT An institution is a custom or system that is considered an important or typical feature of a particular society or group, usually because it has existed for a long time. 习俗; 制度例：I believe in the institution of marriage.我相信婚姻制度。25. educational /dkenl/1. ADJ Educational matters or institutions are concerned with or relate to education. 教育的例：.the Japanese educational system.日本教育体制。2. ADJ An educational experience teaches you something. 有教育意义的例：The staff should make sure the kids have an enjoyable and educational day.教职员要确保孩子们度过愉快的、有教育意义的一天。26. convenience /knvinyns/ ( conveniences )1. N-UNCOUNT If something is done for your convenience, it is done in a way that is useful or suitable for you. 便利例：He was happy to make a detour for her convenience.为了方便她，他乐意绕道而行。2. N-COUNT If you describe something as a convenience, you mean that it is very useful. 方便例：Mail order is a convenience for buyers who are too busy to shop.邮购对于那些没有时间购物的人来说是很方便的。27. rough /rf/ ( rougher, roughest )1. ADJ If a surface is rough, it is uneven and not smooth. 粗糙的例：His hands were rough and callused, from years of karate practice.他的双手由于多年的空手道练习，粗糙而布满老茧。roughness N-UNCOUNT 粗糙例：She rested her cheek against the roughness of his jacket.她把脸靠在了他粗糙的夹克上。2. ADJ You say that people or their actions are rough when they use too much force and not enough care or gentleness. 粗暴的; 粗野的例：Footballs a rough game at the best of times.在最好的情况下足球也是一项粗野的运动。roughly ADV 粗暴地; 粗野地例：They roughly pushed her forward.他们粗暴地向前推她。roughness N-UNCOUNT 粗暴; 粗野例：He regretted his roughness.他为自己的粗暴而感到懊悔。3. ADJ You can say that something is rough when it is not neat and well made. 粗糙的例：The bench had a rough wooden table in front of it.那长椅前有张粗糙的木桌。roughly ADV粗糙地 ADV with v例：Roughly chop the tomatoes and add them to the casserole.把这些西红柿粗切一下，添到那个砂锅里。4. PHRASE If you have to rough it, you have to live without the possessions and comforts that you normally have. 将就INFORMAL例：There is a campsite but, if you prefer not to rough it, the Lake Hotel is nearby.有一个营地，不过如果你不想将就，湖滨酒店就在附近。28. roughly adv. 粗糙地；概略地29. Midlandsn. 英格兰中部地区例：In 1982 a successful oil finder from Midland, Texas, admitted to not using geologists because when his competitors hired them, all it did was to increase their costs per barrel of oil found.1982年，一位德州米德兰油田的发现者声称没有雇佣地质学家。 他的对手雇佣了地质学家，结果只是增加了每桶原油的成本。30. nationwide /nenwad/ADJ Nationwide activities or situations happen or exist in all parts of a country. 全国性的例：The rising number of car crimes is a nationwide problem.汽车犯罪不断增加是个全国性的问题。ADV Nationwide is also an adverb. 遍及全国地例：The figures show unemployment falling nationwide last month.数字显示，上个月失业数字正全国性地下降。31. attract /trkt/ ( attracts, attracting, attracted, to attract )1. V-T If something attracts people or animals, it has features that cause them to come to it. 吸引例：The Cardiff Bay project is attracting many visitors.加的夫湾工程吸引着众多的参观者。2. V-T If someone or something attracts you, they have particular qualities which cause you to like or admire them. If a particular quality attracts you to a person or thing, it is the reason why you like them. 引起的兴趣例：He wasnt sure hed got it right, although the theory attracted him by its logic.他不能确定自己理解是否正确，尽管该理论的逻辑推理引起了他的兴趣。3. V-T If you are attracted to someone, you are interested in them sexually. (性的) 吸引例：In spite of her hostility, she was attracted to him.尽管心存敌意，她还是被他吸引住了。attracted ADJ被吸引的 v-link ADJ例：He was nice looking, but I wasnt deeply attracted to him.他长得挺好看，但我并没有被他深深吸引。4. V-T If something attracts support, publicity, or money, it receives support, publicity, or money. 吸引 (支持或资金等)例：President Mwinyi said his country would also like to attract investment from private companies.姆维尼总统说他的国家也愿意吸引私企的投资。5. to attract someones attentionPHRASE If someone or something attracts your attention or catches your attention, you suddenly notice them. 突然引起某人的注意例：A faint aroma of coffee attracted his attention.一股淡淡的咖啡香味吸引了他的注意。32. historical /hstrkl/1. ADJ Historical people, situations, or things existed in the past and are considered to be a part of history. 历史上的 ADJ n例：.an important historical figure.一位重要的历史人物。例：.the historical impact of Western capitalism on the world.西方资本主义对全世界的历史影响。historically ADV 在历史上例：Historically, royal marriages have been cold, calculating affairs.从历史上来看，王室婚姻一直都是冷酷、精心策划的结合。2. ADJ Historical books, movies, or pictures describe or represent people, situations, or things that existed in the past. 历史题材的 ADJ n例：He is writing a historical novel about nineteenth-century France.他正在写一部关于19世纪的法国的历史小说。3. ADJ Historical information, research, and discussion is related to the study of history.史学的ADJ n例：.historical records.史学记录。33. architecture /rktktr/1. N-UNCOUNT Architecture is the art of planning, designing, and constructing buildings. 建筑艺术例：He studied classical architecture and design in Rome.他在罗马学过古典建筑艺术和设计。2. N-UNCOUNT The architecture of a building is the style in which it is designed and constructed. 建筑风格例：.modern architecture.现代建筑风格。34. Roman /romn/ ( Romans )1. ADJ Roman means related to or connected with ancient Rome and its empire. 古罗马的例：.the fall of the Roman Empire.罗马帝国的灭亡。N-COUNT A Roman was a citizen of ancient Rome or its empire. 古罗马人例：When they conquered Britain, the Romans brought this custom with them.当古罗马人征服不列颠时，他们把这一习俗也带了过去。2. ADJ Roman means related to or connected with modern Rome. 罗马的例：.a Roman hotel room.一家罗马酒店的客房。N-COUNT A Roman is someone who lives in or comes from Rome. 罗马人例：.soccer-mad Romans.对迷恋足球的罗马人。35. collection /klkn/ ( collections )1. N-COUNT A collection of things is a group of similar things that you have deliberately acquired, usually over a period of time. 收藏品例：Roberts collection of prints and paintings has been bought over the years.罗伯特的印刷收藏品和藏画是多年来花钱买的。例：The Art Gallery of Ontario has the worlds largest collection of sculptures by Henry Moore.安大略美术馆关于亨利摩尔的雕塑收藏品居世界之最。2. N-COUNT A collection of stories, poems, or articles is a number of them published in one book. (作品) 集例：Two years ago he published a collection of short stories called Facing The Music.两年前，他出版了一本题为愿赌服输的短篇小说集。3. N-UNCOUNT Collection is the act of collecting something from a place or from people. 收集; 采集例：Money can be sent to any one of 22,000 agents worldwide for collection.钱款可以送交全世界22000个代理机构中的任何一个来收集。例：.computer systems to speed up collection of information.用于加快信息采集速度的电脑系统。36. administration /dmnstren/ ( administrations )1. N-UNCOUNT Administration is the range of activities connected with organizing and supervising the way that an organization or institution functions. 行政工作; 管理工作例：Too much time is spent on administration.太多的时间花在了管理工作上。2. N-UNCOUNT The administration of something is the process of organizing and supervising it. 监管例：Standards in the administration of justice have degenerated.司法监管的标准已退化了。3. N-SING The administration of a company or institution is the group of people who organize and supervise it. 管理层; 行政部门例：They would like the college administration to exert more control over the fraternity.他们希望该学院行政部门加大对该兄弟会的控制力度。4. N-COUNT You can refer to a countrys government as the administration; used especially in the United States. 政府 (尤用于美国)例：OLeary served in federal energy posts in both the Ford and Carter administrations.奥利里在福特政府和卡特政府期间都任过联邦政府能源部门的职位。37. port /prt/ ( ports )1. N-COUNT A port is a town by the sea or on a river that has a harbor. 港口城市例：.the Mediterranean port of Marseilles.地中海港口城市马赛。2. N-COUNT A port is a harbor area where ships load and unload goods or passengers. 港口例：.the bridges that link the port area to the rest of the city.连接城市港口和其余地区的各桥梁。38. Anglo-Saxon /,lu sksn/ n. 盎格鲁-撒克逊例：But it is the six centuries of Anglo-Saxon rule, from shortly after the departure of the Roman colonizers, aroun