高考英语 主谓一致lcno2课件.ppt

agreement 1 语法一致 语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或复数时 其谓语动词要与其相呼应 但我们要注意一些特殊情况 1 以alongwith togetherwith with aswellas ratherthan but except like including 连接的两个主语 其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主 is air aswellaswater matter is 2 用and连接的并列主语如果指的是同一人 同一物或同一概念 谓语动词用单数 这时and后面的名词前没有冠词 ahammerandasaw usefultools are thepoetandwriter coming is 3 成对的名词 如breadandbutter涂黄油的面包 sodaandwater汽水 coffeeandmilk加牛奶的咖啡 aimandend目的 saltandwater盐开水等 虽然有and连接 但仍表单一概念 作主语时 谓语用单数 aknifeandfork onthetable whiskyandsoda alwayshisfavoritedrink is is 4 如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词 但前面有each every no等词修饰时 谓语用单数 everyboyandeverygirlinthisvillage taughttoreadandwrite nostudentandnoteacher invitedtotheparty is is 5 表示度量 价格 时间的复数名词词组作主语时一被看作一个整体 谓语用单数形式 tenmiles agooddistance is 6 动名词 动词不定式或从句作主语 其谓语用单数形式 servingthepeople mygreatesthappiness tomasteraforeignlanguage veryimportant whenwe llgooutforanouting beendecided is is hasn t whatwewant another20people are 7 主语是 eachof 时 其谓语用单数 复数名词 each作主语 谓语动词用复数 theyeach anenglishdictionary eachofus somethingtosay have has 8 主语是none neither no 等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义 其谓语视情况而定 但在代表不可数概念时 谓语动词用单数 noneofus perfect noneofus goodswimmers noneofus agoodswimmer noneofthis me worry are is are is worries 9 不定代词all more most any 等以及名词half part therest等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义 其谓语视情况而定 mostoftheapples rotten mostoftheapple eaten were was 1o anumberof 名词复数 作主语 谓语用复数 thenumberof 名词复数 作主语 谓语用单数 anumberofpupils readingpicture books like thenumberofdeer lionsandwildroses notchangemuchifpeopleleavethingsastheyare does like 12 的几分之几 和 的百分之几 作主语时 其谓语用单数或复数取决于of后的名词 three fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth sea 40percentofthestudentsinourclass girls is are 13 主语是表示数量的 oneandahalf 复数名词 其谓语用单数形式主语是 oneortwo 复数名词 其谓语用复数形式 oneandahalfbananas leftonthetable there oneortwothingsi dliketoknowabout is are 14 由manya或morethan 单数名词作主语时 其谓语用单数形式 manyaforeigner beentothegreatwall morethanonestudent visitedtheexhibition has has i who yourteacher willteachyoueverythingiknow sheistheonlyoneofthesewomenwho theviolin play am plays 15 在定语从句中主语是关系代词who that which 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致 16 oneof 复数名词 定语从句 之前有theonly thevery the等限定词和修饰语时 定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式 17 主语是a this thatkindof 名词 谓语与kind保持一致 名词 a this thatkind 谓语与名词保持一致 thiskindofcloth soft feel there differentkindsofanimals thiskindofactors easilyfound actorsofthiskind easilyfound feels are are is 18 算式中表示数目的主语通常看作单数 其谓语常用单数形式 也可用复数 fivetimesfouris are twenty 2 意义一致的原则 指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念 而不取决于表面的语法标志 类似这样的集体名词有 family class audience committee 委员会 crowd crew group party population team public council 理事会 village等 hisfamily allmusiclovers hisfamily verybig are is 1 某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数 如果这些集体名词指整体概念时 谓语动词用单数 指具体成员时用复数 2 主语是一些只有复数形式的名词 如clothes trousers glasses compasses scissors shoes socks gloves等时 谓语用复数 但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有apairof修饰时 谓语用单数 mytrousers new there apairofshoesinthebox are is mathematics tobedifficulttolearn seem anewmeansofteaching beingusedinthatschool theunitedstates adevelopedcountry 注 学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时 谓语常用复数 mymathematics weak is seems is are 3 主语是以 ics结尾的学科名词mathematics politics physics以及news works 工厂 和用作书名thearabiannights 报纸名thenewyorktimes国名theunitedstates等都属复数形式 而意义单数的名词 其谓语用单数形式 另外means一词单复数同形应视具体情况而定 3 the 形容词或分词作主语时 如指一类人 其谓语用复数 如指抽象概念 其谓语用单数 therich notalwayshappy thenew suretoreplacetheold are is 3 就近一致 谓语与靠近的那个主语保持一致 1 由here there where引导的倒装句中 1 here thebus 2 there apenandtwobooksonthetable 3 where yourwifeandchildren comes is is 2 由or either or neither nor notonly butalso等连接的并列主语 1 neitherthestudentsnortheteacher anythingaboutit 2 heoryou takenmypen knows have 历年高考题 alibrarywithfivethousandbooks tothenationasagift a isofferedb hasofferedc areofferedd haveoffered 2 onthewall twolargeportraits a hangsb hangc hangedd hanging 历年高考题 3 notonlyibutalsojaneandmary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother a isb arec amd be