高考英语大二轮总复习 专题二 阅读填空练习.doc

专题二 阅读填空本题型主要考查考生的阅读理解能力、语篇分析能力以及对上下文逻辑关系的判断能力。通过对近三年高考题的分析可知：1此类题型题目设置难度不大，通过上下文的词汇或短语提示，均可找到明确的答案，但选项中有两项特征相似或相近，要求考生仔细阅读文段，确定合适的答案。2考点分布合理，突出主题句、详述句及平行句的考查，注重考查考生把握上下文逻辑关系的能力。3根据此类题型特点，预计2016年在考查形式上不会有太大变化。在文章的选材方面可能会更富有灵活性，会出现一些生活气息较浓的文章或者一些趣味性的话题。做阅读填空首先是通读全文，大体掌握文章大意，然后通读答案，迅速找出和文章相对应的关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，研究多余选项，最终确定答案。1先看选项，通过选项中句子的句意或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的可能位置。2再看空前空后，由于句子与句子之间有一种相关的联系，所以我们可以在选项中寻找与空前空后的句子有某种必然联系的关键词，从而选择正确的答案。3注意代词在句子中的使用，利用代词的指代作用，我们可以从选项中找到相关的信息。4注意一些特殊疑问词，如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，那么就要寻找相对应的回答语。做题时需要注意的两个问题：1如果问题设在段首，通常是段落的主题句。寻找主题句时，着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，最后看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。 2.如果问题设在段尾，通常是结论或概括性的语句，关键词要在空白前的一句或两句中寻找。 注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore，as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语。(一)(2015全国)building trust in a relationship againtrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences._36_trust is a risk.but you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.unfortunately，weve all been victims of betrayal.whether weve been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.sometimes people simply cant trust anymore._37_its understandable，but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there._38_having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your wellbeing._39_if youve been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.but theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”at some point in all of our lives，well have our trust tested or violated.you didnt lose “everything”once trust is lost，what is left? instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life._40_instead，its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.alearn to really trust yourself.bit is putting confidence in someone.cstop regarding yourself as the victim.dremember that you can expect the best in return.etheyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.fthis knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.gseeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened. (二)(2015全国)training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs._16_，buy the bestfitting，bestbuilt running shoes you can find.no one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.when you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit._17_.as always，you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.during the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day._18_，it is wise to take a day off to rest.but during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run._19_.after two weeks，start timing yourself._20_.depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.aafter six daysbfor a good marathon runnercbefore you begin your trainingdwith each day，increase the distance by a half mileeif they still feel good，you can begin running in themftime spent for preparation raises the quality of traininggnow you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time (三)(2015北京)this way to dreamlanddaydreaming means people think about something pleasant，especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing.daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of whats happening around them.they can seem forgetful and clumsy._71_they annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.but daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history._72_ can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?so how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?first，understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others.feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams._73_and if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming，try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple，like taking a shower or walking，or even making meaningless drawings.its also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“mindfulness”，being focused，is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep._74_finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away._75_always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.ahaving interesting things to think about also helps.bthey stare off into space and wander by themselves.cwithout wandering minds，we wouldnt have relativity，coke or postit notes.dat one time，daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.eit involves slow，steady breathing for selfcontrol that helps people stay calm and attentive.fdaydreams are often very simple and direct，quite unlike sleep dreams，which may be hard to understand.gtherefore，its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone.(四)(2014新课标全国)the jobs of the future have not yet been invented._36_ by helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1curiosityyour children need to be deeply curious._37_ ask kids，“what ingredients(配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？” and then try them out.did those ingredients make the pancakes better？what could we try next time?2creativitytrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it._38_ there are a dozen different things you can do with them.experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3interpersonal skillsunderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.we know whats going on inside our own head，but what about others？being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions._39_ “why do you think shes crying？” “can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？” “if someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？”4self expression_40_ there are many ways to express thoughts and ideasmusic，acting，drawing，building，photography.you may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.aencourage kids to cook with you.band we cant forget science education.cwe can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.dso how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?egardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.fwe can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.gbeing able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. (五)(2014新课标全国)tips for cooking on a tight schedulefrom my experience，there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often：ability，money，and time._16_ money is a topic ill save for another day.so today i want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule：1think ahead.the moments when i think cooking is a pain are when im already hungry and theres nothing ready to eat.so think ahead of the coming week.when will you have time to cook？do you have the right materials already？_17_2make your time worth it.when you do find time to cook a meal，make the most of it and save yourself time later on.are you making one loaf of bread？_18_ it takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.so save yourself the effort for a future meal.3_19_ this may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.it gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.the more you learn and the more you try，the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.hopefully that gives you a good start._20_ and dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!atry new things.bability is easily improved.cmake three or four instead.dunderstand your food better.ecooking is a burden for many people.flet cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.ga little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.(六)(2014辽宁)eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life.every waking moment，the eyes are working to see the world around us.over forty percent of americans worry about losing eyesight，but its easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes.here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight：schedule yearly exams._36_ experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.the good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment，including eyeglasses.protect against uv rays(紫外线)longterm stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.no matter what the season is，its extremely important to wear sunglasses._37_.give your eyes a break.twothirds of americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products._38_ experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule：every 20 minutes，take a 20second break and look at something 20 feet away._39_ as part of a healthy diet，eat more fruits and vegetables each day.vitamins(维生素) c and e help protect eyesight and promote eye health.practice safe wear and care of contact lenses(隐形眼镜)many americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight.while some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses，many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk._40_ otherwise，you may have problems such as red eyes，pain in the eyes，or a more serious condition.aeat your greens.beye care should begin early in life.cthey can properly protect your eyes.dstay in good shape by taking more vitamins.eparents usually dont care about their own eyesight.falways follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear.gthis frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.(七)(2014北京)evaluating sources(来源) of health informationmaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.a key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources._71_go to the original source.media reports often simplify the results of medical research.find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science.think about the type of study._72_watch for misleading language.some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result._73_ carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.use your common sense.if a report seems too good to be true，probably it is.be especially careful of information contained in advertisements._74_ evaluate “scientific” statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术)_75_ friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration，but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.amake choices that are right for you.bthe goal of an ad is to sell you something.cbe sure to work through the critical questions.dand examine the findings of the original research.edistinguish between research reports and public health advice.fbe aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.gthe following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.提醒：完成作业强化练(十)(十一)二轮专题强化练强化练(十)强化练(十)阅读填空(1)(建议用时：30分钟)1(2015河北唐山二模)after steve jobs died，his friend larry ellison said something like this，“there will never be another steve jobs.” 1 larry wrote this list of steves life lessons to remind us all.love what you do.surely steve became a billionaire when he brought apple back.apple was his callingeven after he got fired from the company.we all have bad jobs at one point in our lives.but the question is：am i in the right job？have i found the right company？life doesnt go on forever. 2 dont do it all by yourself.steve learned a great leader cant do it all by himself.he needs people.they must be talented. 3 they must be given the opportunity to succeed and fail.in short，you have to learn to be a great leader if you want to see your great ideas and hard work truly have an influence on the world. 4 apple is always the best at creating a new product that meets the exact needs of users.its empathy(同理心) that helps apple achieve this.whenever the user has the first touch with a new apple product，he says “wow，its just what i need.”remember：youre king in the business world if you know exactly what consumers desire.dont mess around with your health. 5 thats the most important lesson from steves life.its great to learn from him now，but the fact is that he should still be here if he had treated his cancer properly.instead，steve chose a naturopathic(自然疗法的) solution that wasnt effective.when he finally decided to take his doctors original advice，it was too late.athey must be inspired.bbe the best in your field.ctake your health seriously.dget on your right path now.ewill this lead to a successful career?fput yourself in the other persons shoes.gwhat are the key things that we can learn from him?2(2015河北衡水中学三模)tips for summer readingsummer holds many of my strongest and most powerful reading memories.i remember sitting under a tree in the backyard as a child，reading anne of green gables as the shadows crossed the grass.i remember sitting in the back seat of the car on a long family road trip，sharing joke books with my brother and sister and laughing until we cried. 6 i want all kids to enjoy the fun of summer reading，because summer reading has secret power. 7 here are some ways to motivate kids for summer reading.make children the curators(管理人) of their reading lives.have students set summer reading goals for themselves. 8 students can act as “chief curators” of the blog in turn so that over the course of the summer each of them takes on the responsibility of replying to posts and highlighting a popular title. 9 taking “curiosity walks” is a fantastic way to bring informational text into a childs reading list.these walks also provide opportunities for authentic writing.have children take an inspiration notebook on a class walk outside and write down anything they see that they would like to learn more about.make reading more like summer camp.lets combine reading with handson activities and make reading more like summer camp.we can take field trips to the library and search the shelves for books on a topic chosen out of a hat. 10 then they can bring that creation in to share on the first days of school.ait will set the stage for academic success.bbring the outdoors back into summer reading.cselect some books and share them with your students.dset up a summer blog so you can all share recommendations.ethese memories became important stepping stones in my life.fit is important to build and shape a strong reading life during school months.gwe can ask our students to create something in response to one of the books theyve read.3(2015北京海淀期中)housesittingin many countries of the world people do what is called housesitting.it means that if owners of the house are going away，they want someone to come into their house and look after the house and maybe pets while they are away.in australia，many people travel.after people retire，they might buy a van and travel all over the country. 11 so if someone wants to travel or go away for some reason，they might want someone in their house to care for it and keep the gardens tidy.housesitters might have to care for pets.also，quite a few people have swimming pools in their back yard and they need cleaning. 12 i feel it is a great way of seeing the country，because you go and stay in a new city，get to meet new people，and have time to go sightseeing in a new area. 13 there are websites where you find the advertisements by people who want to travel，and by replying to the advertisements，you can make arrangements to go and look after their houses.there are some requirements to be a housesitter.you must be a trusted person，so that the house owner knows you will not steal anything.you must be able to go when the house owner wants you to go，so you need lots of free time. 14 you need to be good with pets，a