leadership领导力.ppt

Leadership 领导力 Leadershipisanabilitydescribingthewayofimpactingteam HistoryofLeadership 看人 看行为 看情况 Characteristictheory SevenInstincts 1960Behavioraltheory 1 TannenbaumandSchmidtcontinuum2 RensisLikertSupportRelationTheory3 ChrisArgyrisImmature Maturecontinuum4 BlakeandMoutonManagerialGrid5 JohnAdairActionCentredLeadership 五选一 1 TannenbaumandSchmidtcontinuum经理 非经理人员行为模式连续分部场 中心思想 Manager sauthorityVSsubordinate sfreedom经理人的权利VS下属的自由度 TannenbaumandSchmidtcontinuum 1 TheManagerdecidesandannouncesthedecision2 Themanagerdecidesandthen sells thedecisiontothegroup 3 Themanagerpresentsthedecisionwithbackgroundideasandinvitesquestions 4 Themanagersuggestsaprovisionaldecisionandinvitesdiscussionaboutit 5 Themanagerpresentsthesituationorproblem getssuggestions thendecides 6 Themanagerexplainsthesituationandaskstheteamtodecide 7 Themanagerallowstheteamtoidentifytheproblem developtheoptions anddecideontheaction withinthemanager sreceivedlimits 经理人权利越来越小 下属自由度越来越大 2 RensisLikertSupportRelationTheoryLikert的支持关系理论 将领导按照他们与下属的关系分为四种类型 Exploitiveauthoritative剥削式集权领导benevolent authoritative仁慈式集权Consultative顾问式 协商式Participative group群体参与式 领导 林楠 符震 曹家奇 高雯菲 方太太 Exploitiveauthoritative剥削式集权领导 领导 林楠 符震 曹家奇 方太太 高雯菲 方太太III Benevolentauthoritative教练型领导 Consultativeauthoritative顾问型领导 领导 林楠 符震 曹家奇 高雯菲 方太太 方太太II Participative group群体参与式 领导 林楠 符震 曹家奇 高雯菲 方太太 2 ChrisArgyrisImmature Maturecontinuum不成熟 成熟连续流理论 中心思想 一个领导者的职责是要让员工由不成熟转变为成熟 4 BlakeandMoutonManagerialGrid布莱克和莫顿的管理方格图 中心思想 根据领导是更关心人 concernforpeople 还是更关心事儿 concernforproduction 把领导分为五种风格 Managerialgridmodel 1964 byRobertandJaneMouton 5 JohnAdairActionCentredLeadership中心思想 领导的职能是平衡个人 团队和任务 Thisapproach Action CentredLeadership iscentredontheactionsoftheleader Theleaderhastobalancetheneedsfromeachofthethreeelements Theeffectiveleaderistheonewhokeepsallthreeinbalance thatiswhoattendstoallthreeatthesametime Ifanyoneelementisignored theothersareunlikelytosucceed Thisapproachfocusesonwhatleadersactuallydoandassessesaleader seffectivenessbasedontheirabilitytomeetthreeareasofneedwithinateam thetask teammaintenanceandindividualneeds Whatdogoodleadersdo 1970Contingencytheory 权变理论 随具体情况而变依具体请而定 1 Fiedler sContingencyTheory2 Hersey BlanchardSituationalTheory3 Vroom YettonDecisionParticipationContigencyTheory 三选一 1 Fiedler sContingencyTheory菲德勒的权变管理思想 中心思想 不同管理 situation 情况适用不同领导风格 leadershipbehaviour 把人放进情况里 衡量管理情况的三个维度 Positionandauthority领导者的权利和地位Objectivestructure任务结构Relationshipbetweenlowandhigherlevels领导与下属的关系 管理者的两种类型 任务导向型 taskoriented人员导向型 relationshiporiented FiedlerModel Thestyleofleadershipshouldbesuitableto PositionandauthorityObjectivestructureRelationshipbetweenlowandhigherlevels 2 Hersey BlanchardSituationalTheory赫塞和布兰查德的情境领导理论 中心思想 不同员工成熟度 readinessofemployees 适用不同领导风格 leadershipstyle Readinessofemployees成熟度 Willingness 愿不愿意Ability confidence 能不能够 Leadershipstyles Telling告知 S1 Leaderstelltheirpeoplewhattodoandhowtodoit Selling推销 S2 Leadersprovideinformationanddirection butthere smorecommunicationwithfollowers Leaders sell theirmessagetogetpeopleonboard Participating参与 S3 Leadersfocusmoreontherelationshipandlessondirection Theleaderworkswiththeteam andsharesdecision makingresponsibilities Delegating授权 S4 Leaderspassmostoftheresponsibilityontothefollowerorgroup Theleadersstillmonitorprogress butthey relessinvolvedindecisions Telling 告知 Participating参与 Delegating授权 Selling推销 3 Vroom YettonDecisionParticipationContingencyTheory弗鲁姆和耶顿的决策参与权变理论 中心思想 领导根据不同的情况 选择不同的领导风格 Accordingtodifferentsituations leadercanchoosesuitablestylebyanswermyfollowingquestions 五种领导风格 Autocratic1 A1 独裁型 youusetheinformationyoualreadyhaveandmakethedecisionAutocratic2 A2 youaskteammembersforspecificinformationandonceyouhaveit youmakethedecision Hereyoudon tnecessarilytellthemwhattheinformationisneededfor Consultative1 C1 协商型 youinformteammembersofwhatyou redoingandmayindividuallyaskopinions however thegroupisnotbroughttogetherfordiscussion Youmakethedecision Consultative2 C2 协商型 youareresponsibleformakingthedecision however yougettogetherasagrouptodiscussthesituation hearotherperspectives andsolicitsuggestions Group G2 群体决策型 Theteammakesadecisiontogether Yourroleismostlyfacilitativeandyouhelptheteamcometoafinaldecisionthateveryoneagreeson 决策重要吗决策的实现需要团队吗 你自己有足够的信息做决策吗 问题是不是结构化的如果你自己做了决定 团队会支持吗团队是否支持组织目标下属会不会对决策提出不同意见 HistoryofLeadership 1 TannenbaumandSchmidtcontinuum经理 非经理人员行为模式连续分部场2 RensisLikertSupportRelationTheoryLikert的支持关系理论3 ChrisArgyrisImmature MaturecontinuumArgyris的不成熟 成熟连续流理论BlakeandMou