必修二 3.6 unit3 computerperiod 4 grammar.ppt

新课标人教版课件系列 高中英语 必修2 3 8 learningaboutlanguage thepresentperfectpassivevoice revision checkthehomeworkexercises ex1 1totally2revolution3artificialintelligence4birth5simple minded6goby7dealwith8network9truly10anyway ex2 revolution network wentby totally truly simple minded anyway dealwith ex3 1totally2amazed3exciting4excited5cheaply6unlucky revision will shall be v过去分词 构成形式 一般将来时被动语态 futurepassivevoice shall用于第一人称 i wewill用于任何人称 begoingtobe v过去分词betobe v过去分词 否定句 一般疑问句 在will shall后 not 把will shall提前 thestudentsofclassonewillcleantheplayground theplaygroundwillbecleanedbythestudentsofclassone wearegoingtoholdameetingonsaturdayafternoon ameetingisgoingtobeheld byus onsaturdayafternoon thetwinsaretorepairthemachinetomorrow themachineistoberepaired bythetwins tomorrow thehostwillgivethewinneracomputerastheprize thewinnerwillbegivenacomputerastheprize bythehost acomputerwillbegiven bythehost tothewinnerastheprize areyoufamiliarwiththesecomputers canyoucallthem palmtop laptop notebook desktoppc wwpcwrist worn wearablepc awrist wornpchasbeeninventedrecently apen likecomputerhasalreadybeendeveloped canyoumakemoresentencessimilartothesentencesabove have hasbeendone replace thebuildings earthquake destroy 1 astheyearhavegoneby ihavebeenmadesmallerandsmaller 2 awrist wornpchasbeeninventedrecently 3 thesportsmeetinghasalreadybeenheldinourschool dotheunderlinedpartshavesomethingincommon discovering has havebeendone 现在完成时 被动语态 现在完成时的被动语态 thepresentperfectpassivevoice 现在完成时的被动语态的用法1 表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前 强调对现在造成的影响和结果 thedoorhasbeenlocked 2 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去 持续到现在 并可能持续下去 常与for或since引导的时间状语连用 或用于howlong 句型中 theimportantproblemhasbeendiscussedfornearlytwoweeks howlonghasthemachinebeenused 现在完成时的标志 recently already yetfor 一段时间 since 时间点 句型hehasbeensenttostudythenewtechnologyinthecompany 否定句 hehasnotbeensenttostudythenewtechnologyinthecompany 一般疑问句 hashebeensenttostudythenewtechnologyinthecompany 特殊疑问句 wherehashebeensenttostudythenewtechnology howmanyshoppingcentershavebeenbuiltinthiscity 在have has后加not have has提前 疑问词 have has 主语 been v过去分词 1 theynothavefinishedthehomeworkwhichshouldbefinishedyesterday 2 doesthenewprogramhavebeendevelopedfortherobot 3 howmanyhaveteachersbeeninterviewedforthejob hasthenewprogram havenot teachershave correctmistakes greatchanges inthecity andalotoffactories a havebeentakenplace havebeensetupb havetakenplace havebeensetupc havetakenplace havesetupd weretakenplace weresetup b 只有及物动词才有被动语态 不及物动词 词组 没有被动语态 如 happen takeplace die appear disappear fail remain lie last sit stand breakout cometrue belongto等 whathashappenedtoyourbrother whatwashappenedtoyourbrother 1 thechildhasbeentakengoodcarebygrandmaalltheseyears 2 anoticehasbeenputonthewall 但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语动词 相当于及物动词 也可以有被动语态 但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体 变为被动语态时 不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词 correctmistakes of up 二 现在完成时的被动语态应注意的几个问题1 请注意现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词 即have has和been 两者缺一不可 2 请注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别 一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系 而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的联系 thebridgewasbuiltlastyear 这桥是去年建成的 thebridgehasbeenbuilt 这桥已经建好了 3 请注意一些特殊动词 如borrow finish begin buy start return marry open join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用 若要表达相应的意思 则需改换动词或时态 如 误 howlonghasthisbookbeenbought 正 howlongagowasthisbookbought 但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程 具有连续性 因而可与since或for引导的时间状语连用 如 nobookshavebeenboughtsincelastweek 自上周以来 没有人来买过书 三 巩固练习1 howmanytimes nottoplaywithfire i msorry i llneverdothatagain a doyoutellb hadyoutoldc areyoutoldd haveyoubeentold2 thefire tothefifthfloor allthepeople a hasgot have beensavedb hasbeengot have savedc hasgot do saved hasgot have saved3 doyouknowthethief bythepolice hascaughtb hasbeencatchingc wascaughtd hasbeencaught 4 thisisoneofthehappiestdays spentinmylife a thathaveeverbeenb thathaveneverbeenc whichwaseverd whichwehavenever5 whenandwheretogofortheon salaryholiday yet a arenotdecidedb havenotbeendecidedc isnotbeingdecidedd hasnotbeendecided homework p20ex 2预习p22andy theandroid阅读报纸b3版被动语态再回首 二 并完成相应练习 导练测p19的b篇和p20的a篇 example ihavereadthisbookmanytimes thisbookhasbeenreadmanytimes 1 wehavecompletedallthepreparationsforthetask andwe rereadytostart 2 thiscompanyhasproducednewtypesofcomputers 3 theyhaveinterviewedseveralteachersforthejob 4 georgehassentsometextsandpicturestohisfriend scellphone 5 theyhavedevelopedsomeprogrammesforthehumanresourcedepartmentoftheircompany 1 changethefollowingsentencesintothepresentperfectpassivevoice practice 2 changethefollowingsentencesintothepresentperfectpassivevoice puttheverbsintocorrectform recentlywehaveboughtanewpersonalcomputer wehaveusedthecomputereverydaysinceweboughtit wehavejustjoinedourcomputertotheinternet however wehavefoundmanyproblemswithit sowehavedecidedtoaskaprofessionalmantofixit soonhehasfixedthecomputer hehasbuiltapcwaywewanted howexcitedweare thesedayswehavewrittenalotofe mailsonthecomputer wehavedecidedtowriteareportaboutthepositiveandthenegativeeffectsofusingcomputers 8 allthepreparationsfortheproject andwe pletedb hadbeencompletedc completed havebeencompleted9 greatchanges inthecity andalotoffactories havebeentakenplace havebeensetupb havetakenplace havebeensetupc havetakenplace havesetupd weretakenplace weresetup10 thebook underthebenchfortwodays hasputbhasbeenlyingc hasbeenputd hasbeenlaid d b b whathasbeendecided example s1 ithasbeendecidedthatthosewhodonotdoheirhomeworkwillbeaskedtoreturntoschoolonsaturday s2 ithasbeendecidedthatthosewhokeeptheclassroomtidyshouldbeallowedtogohomeearlyeveryday s3 ithasbeendecided s4 getintogroupsoffour yourtaskistodecidewhathasbeendecidedfortheclass taketurnstomaketheideasasinterestingoraslivelyasyoucan collecttheonesyoualllikebestandbepreparedtotellthemtotheclass playagame 1 howlong atthisjob since1990 a wereyouemployedb haveyoubeenemployedc hadyoubeenemployedd willyoubeemployed2 whenandwheretogofortheon salaryholiday yet 2003上海春季 a arenotdecidedb havenotbeendecidedc isnotbeingdecidedd hasnotbeendecided3 allthepreparationsforthetask andwe rereadytostart 2000北京春季 completedb completec hadbeencompletedd havebeencompleted b d 高考链接 d homework 1 finishexercise1onp57 2 revisethepassivevoice hehasbeenwritingthereportfortwodays 变为被动语态的结构是 thereporthasbeenwrittenbyhimfortwodays 5 somenewoilfields since1976 a wereopenedupb hasopenedupc havebeenopenedupd hadbeenopenedup6 thesilenceofthelibrary onlybythesoundofpagesbeingturnedover a hasbeenbrokenb breaksc broked wasbroken7 thesportsmeetmightbeputoff yes italldependsontheweather a i vebeentoldb i vetoldc i mtoldd itold为d c b d c a和a 1 现在完成时被动语态肯定句主语 has havebeen p p p p 动词的过去分词形式 hermotorbikehasbeenstolen 她的摩托车被盗了 alltheofficeshavebeenlinkedbycomputer 所有的售票处由计算机联网工作 2 现在完成时被动语态否定句主语 has have not be