虚拟语气课件.ppt

Unit3Understandingeachother Grammarandusage TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish Revision Lead in Ifyouhadjoinedthechatroomtenminutesago youwouldhaveknownwhatweweretalkingabout 要是你在10分钟前进入聊天室的话 你就知道我们在谈些什么了 IfIgotmarriedintheUK Iwouldexpectapresent 如果我在英国结婚 我会得到客人的礼物 ShouldyoucometoBrunei youwouldhavetotakeoffyourshoesbeforegoingintosomeone shouse 如果你来到了文莱 你进别人家门之前得脱鞋 Ifyouhadjoinedthechatroomtenminutesago youwouldhaveknownwhatweweretalkingabout IfIgotmarriedintheUK Iwouldexpectapresent 在英语中随着说话人意图的不同 动词需用不同的形式 称为语气 英语语气有三种 语气 mood 是一种动词形式 用以表示说话者的意图或态度 是说话人为表达一种假设 或一种主观愿望 即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式 1 陈述语气 用来叙述事实或提出疑问 广泛用于陈述句 疑问句 感叹句E g Iwillcometomorrow 2 祈使语气 是说话人用来向对方下达命令 指示提出要求 劝告等所用的动词形式 主要用于祈使句 E g Don twriteinyourbook 3 虚拟语气 虚拟语气 作为日常交际应用中常常会出现的一种语言现象 一直是高考题几乎年年都要考到的一个热点 但对于中国学生来说 它又是一个难点 无怪乎许多学生学习虚拟语气时 常常会叹道 Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood English mucheasier A willbeB wouldhavebeenC couldhavebeenD wouldbe 虚拟语气是说话人为表达一种假设 或一种主观愿望 即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式 虚拟语气的定义 关键是什么 与事实相反 考点与难点归纳 考点与难点归纳 1 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法2 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法3 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法4 一般条件句中虚拟语气的倒装5 与含蓄条件句6 虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定 考点 难点 错综时间条件句 Unrealconditionalsstateaconditionorsituationthatisnotrealorisimaginary Unrealconditionals 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 Weuseunrealconditionalstostateapresentconditionorsituationthatisnotrealorisimaginary E g IfIgotmarriedintheUK Iwouldexpectapresent 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 Weformunrealpresentconditionalslikethis If was were did would could mightdo 1 假如我有更多的时间 我就会学习德语 IfIhadmoretime IwouldstudyGerman 2 要是我象你一样年轻 我就会找时间锻炼 IfIwere wasyoungasyou Iwouldfindtimetoexercise Practice 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 IfIweren taddictedtoQQgames Iwouldmakegreaterprogressinhisstudies WhatwouldhappenifyouwerenotaddictedtoQQgame 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery IfIwonthelottery Iwould avilla 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 Wealsouseunrealconditionalstorefertoanimaginarypastaction E g Ifyouhadjoinedthechatroomtenminutesago youwouldhaveknownwhatweweretalkingabout 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 Weformunrealpastconditionalslikethis If hadbeen done would could mighthavedone 1 如果他抓紧时间 他本来能赶上那趟火车 Ifhehadhurried hecouldhavecaughtthetrain 2 如果你昨天告诉他 他也许会提些建议了 Ifyouhadtoldhimyesterday hemighthavemadesomesuggestions 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 IfI busylastnight I toseethefilmwithyou hadnotbeen wouldhavegone 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 Ifhemorecarefully hethecaraccidentyesterday wouldnothavehad haddriven 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 Weuseunrealfutureconditionalstotalkaboutimaginaryfuturesituations 1 IfIhadtimetomorrow Iwouldcertainlyhelpyou 2 IfIweretofailmyMathstest Iwouldhavetotakeitagainattheendoftheterm 3 Ifheshouldcometomorrow Iwouldtalktohimaboutit E g 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 Weformunrealfutureconditionalslikethis If was were did should wereto would should mightdo Practice 1 假如我要出国 我就会去法国 IfIweretogoabroad IwouldgotoFrance 2 万一明天下雨 我们的运动会就推迟 Ifitshouldraintomorrow oursportsmeetingwouldbeputoff 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 Mark 100 Ifyougot weretoget shouldgetafullmarknexttime Iwouldtreatyoutoawonderfulperformance 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 条件从句 If从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 现在 过去 将来 did were haddone would could should might do would could should might havedone 1 did2 should do3 weretodo would could should might do 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 1 Would couldandmightareofteninterchangeable butwithsomedifferencesinmeaning would intention plan could ability possibility might probability 2 InwrittenEnglishorinformalsituation weusuallyusewereinIf clausesinplaceofwas However ineverydayconversation wasisoftenused TIPS 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 Wecanalsoputshould wereandhadatthebeginningofanunrealconditionalsentence Inthiscase ifisnotneededanymore E g Ifyoushouldmakeamistake youshouldnotbeembarrassed Shouldyoumakeamistake youshouldnotbeembarrassed 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 2 Ifyouhadtoldmeearlier Iwouldnothavethisproblemnow Hadyoutoldmeearlier Iwouldnothavethisproblemnow 3 Ifyouweretotakethetrain youwouldbetheremuchsooner Wereyoutotakethetrain youwouldbetheremuchsooner 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 TIPS 注意 如果省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时 不能用动词的缩略形式 我们可以说 Wereitnotfortheexpense Iwouldgoabroadnow 但是不能说 Weren titfor E g she yesterday shewouldmeetthefamoussingertoday Hadn t leftB Had notleftC If didn tleaveD Didn t leave 当条件状语从句所表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时 被称为 错综时间条件句 在这种情况下 我们切不可照搬某种形式 而应该按照句中所表述的时间关系 再选择相应的虚拟形式 错综时间条件句 1 Iftheflowerhadbeenwatered it now A wouldn tdieB isdeadC hadbeendeadD willnotdie2 Ifhistelevisionsethadnotbeenstolenyesterday he TVnow A wouldwatchB wouldhavewatchedC wouldbewatchingD iswatching 错综时间条件句 Ifyou study hardbefore you be acollegestudentnowandyou graduate fromacollegeinfours time hadstudied wouldbe wouldgraduate Sofarwehavefinishedlearningallthetasksofthisperiodandyouhavedoneagoodjob SonowIwillrewardyouavideo Justwatchitandtrytogetabetterunderstandingofwhatyouhavelearnedinthisclass Nowherearemoreexercisesforyoutocheckwhetheryouhavemasteredwhatyouhavelearnedinthisclass Pleasechoosethecorrectanswerstothefollowingmultiplechoices EverythingifAlberthadn tcalledthefirebrigade A willbedestroyedB willhavebeendestroyedC wouldbedestroyedD wouldhavebeendestroyed 2 Thebusinessisrisky But wewouldberich A shouldwesucceedB weshouldsucceedC mightwesucceedD wouldwesucceed 3 Whatwouldhavehappened asfarastheriverbank A BobhadwalkedfartherB ifBobshouldwalkfartherC hadBobwalkedfartherD ifBobwalkedfarther 4 I yousomemoney butIhadn tanyonmethen A wouldlendB wouldhavelentC couldlendD mayhavelent 5 today hewouldgettherebyFriday A WasheleavingB IfheleavesC WerehetoleaveD Ifheisleaving 6 Supposingthisship doyouthinktherewouldbeenoughlifejacketsforallthepassengers weretosinkB hassunkC wassinkingD sunk were wouldB is wouldC is willD were will 7 Youcanaskyourbrotherforhelp Heisn tathome Ifhe I 8 AreyouthinkingaboutgoingtoDalianforthevacation No butifI time I verygladtogothere A have willbeB