西方宏观经济学《教学大纲》(英文版).doc

本科课程教学大纲1, 课程基本信息课程名称（中、英文）：西方宏观经济学(双语) Macroeconomics课程号（代码）：10207730课程类别：专业基础课学时：51 学分：32, Course Description: Macroeconomics is the study of the economy as a whole, including growth in incomes, changes in the overall level of prices and the unemployment rate. Macroeconomists attempt to explain the economy and to devise policies to improve its performance. This course provides students with basic concepts and techniques needed to analyze economic problems in a variety of contexts. Students will study Economy-wide phenomena, including inflation, unemployment, and economic growth. This course is divided into three parts: Theory of business cycles, Theory of the national incomes, and a Brief Introduction to policies. After successful completion of this course students will be able to demonstrate command of basic and macroeconomic concepts and graphical models, and apply them to new situations.3, Course OutlinePART ONE: THE STUDY OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND BUSINESS CYCLES (29 Courses)Chapter 1: Overview of Macroeconomics Major Macroeconomic Concepts: macroeconomics vs. microeconomics, gross domestic product(GDP), actual and potential, employment, unemployment, unemployment rate, inflation, deflation, consumer price index (CPI), net exports, fiscal policy (government expenditures, taxation), money, monetary policy Aggregate Supply and Demand: aggregate supply, aggregate demand, AS curve, AD curve, equilibrium of AS and AD, sources of long-run economic growthChapter 2: Measuring Economic Activity Fundamental Concepts : national income and product accounts (national accounts), real and nominal GDP, GDP deflator, intermediate goods, value added, government transfers, disposable income (DI) GDP = C + I + G + XNet investment = gross investment depreciationNDP = GDP - depreciation Investment-saving identity :I = S inflation, deflation, price index: CPI, GDP deflator, PPI Chapter 3: Consumption and Investment Consumption and Saving: disposable income, consumption, saving, consumption and saving functions, personal saving rates, marginal propensity to consume (MPC), marginal propensity to save (MPS), MPC + MPS= 1, Break-even point, 45 degree line Determinants of consumption: current disposable income permanent income wealth Investment: determinants of investment, role of interest rates in I, investment demand functionChapter 4: Business Fluctuations and the Theory of Aggregate Demand Business Fluctuations or Cycles: business cycle or business fluctuation, business cycle phases: peak/trough/expansion/recession, recession, aggregate demand shifts and business fluctuations, exogenous and internal cycle theories, macroeconomic models Aggregate Demand: real variable = nominal variable/price level, aggregate demand, AD curve, major components of aggregate demand: C, I, G, X, downward-sloping AD curve through money-supply effect, factors underlying and shifting the AD curve Chapter 5: The Multiplier Model The Basic Multiplier Model C + I schedule two ways of viewing GDP determination: Planned saving = planned investment Planned C + planned I = planned GDP Investment equals saving: planned vs. actual levels multiplier effect of investment multiplier = 1 + MPC + (MPC)2 + . = 1/(1 - MPC) = 1/MPS Government Purchases and Taxation: fiscal policy: G effect on equilibrium GDP, T effect on CC and on GDP Multiplier effects of government purchases (G) and taxes (T), estimated multipliers in practice Chapter 6: Money, Banking, and Monetary Policy Money and Interest Rates: money, narrow money (M1), broad money (M2 ), interest rate, real and nominal interest-rate, motives for money demand: transactions demand/asset demand, interest as opportunity cost of holding money, inflation-indexed bonds Banking and Money Supply: banks, financial intermediaries, bank reserves, required reserve ratio, fractional-reserve banking, money-supply multiplier Central Banking: bank reserves, Open-market purchases and sales, discount rate, borrowings from Fed, legal reserve requirements, intermediate targets, ultimate objectives The Monetary Transmission Mechanism: demand for and supply of money, interest-sensitive components of spending, monetary policy in the AS_AD framework, monetary policy in the short run and the long run, neutrality of moneyPART TWO: ECONOMIC GROWTH AND MACROECONOMIC POLICY (12 Courses) Chapter 7: The Process of Economic Growth Four wheels of growth: labor/resources/capital/technologyaggregate production function Smiths golden age Capital-labor ratio Malthus limited land modern Malthusianism: limited resources and environmental constraints neoclassical growth model K/L rise as capital deepens new growth theory technology as a produced good Recent productivity trends: slowdown and computer-led upturn Chapter 8: Exchange Rates and Open-Economy Macroeconomics Principles of International Trade : absolute and comparative advantage (or disadvantage), principle of comparative advantage, economic gains from trade, triangular and multilateral trade, world vs. national PPFs, consumption vs. production possibilities with trade Economics of Protectionism: price equilibrium with and without trade, tariff, quota, non-tariff barriers, effects of tariffs on price, imports, and domestic production, mercantilist, cheap, foreign labor, and retaliatory arguments, the optimal tariff, unemployment, and infant-industry exceptions, WTO and trade negotiations C + I + G + X curve for open economy: net exports = Ex Im, domestic demand vs. spending on GDP , marginal propensity to import (MPm), multiplier, impact of trade flows and exchange rates on GDP, saving-investment identity in an open economies: X = S + (T - G) - I equilibration in saving-investment market in closed and open economies growth policies in the open economy PART THREE: UNEMPLOYMENT, INFLATION, AND ECONOMIC POLICY(10 Courses) Chapter 9: Unemployment and the Foundations of Aggregate Supply Foundations of Aggregate Supply: aggregate supply, AS curve, factors underlying and shifting aggregate supply, aggregate supply: role of potential output and production costs, short-run vs. long-run AS, classical vs. Keynesian view of aggregate supply, flexible vs. sticky wages and prices Unemployment: population status: unemployed/employed/labor force/not in labor force, unemployment rate, frictional, structural, and cyclical unemployment, Okuns Law, flexible-wage (market-clearing) unemployment vs. inflexible-wage (non-market-clearing) unemployment, voluntary vs. involuntary unemployment Chapter 10: Policies for Growth and Stability The Economics of Debt and Deficits: government budget, budget deficit, surplus, and balance budget Short-run impact: crowding ou