外研版高一英语必修4教学课件：Module 4 Grammar.ppt

module4greatscientistsgrammar 1 learnthepassivevoiceandtheformby ing 2 mastertheusageofpassivevoiceandtheformby ing learningaims observation findoutthefollowingsentenceswhichbelongtopassivevoice 1 yesterdayilistenedtomusicathome 2 asoundofpianoisheardinthelivingroom 3 inpakistanricewillbegrowninmanypartsofthecountry 4 thenewhybridricehasbeendevelopedbytheyuanlongpinghigh techagriculturalcompanyofchina leading in completethesentencesusingtheverbsgiven discoverproducegrowmake1 thesecomputers inamerica 2 rice inchinaforthousandsofyears 3 theseelectronicgames injapan 4 anewvarietyofrice in1970 5 manyimportantdiscoveries sincethebeginningoflastcentury areproduced hasbeengrown were aremade wasdiscovered havebeenmade a 被动语态的动作执行者 look there snothinghere everythinghasbeentakenaway iwasbornin1981 sheislikedbyeverybody heissaidtobeagoodteacher you llbecontacted starwarisactedbyharrisonford 不知道动作的执行者 不必提出动作的执行者 强调动作的承受者 习惯用法 不确定动作的执行者 行文的需要 grammar1passivevoice b 一般说来 被动语态的动作执行者可以由介词by引出 thisquestioncanbeansweredevenbyachild 甚至小孩子都能回答出这个问题 c 有些动作的执行者需用其他介词短语表示 thetruthisknowntoeverybody 大家都知道事实的真相 thegroundiscoveredwithsnow 大地被雪所覆盖 am is are was were willbe am is are being was were being have hasbeen hadbeen ii 被动语态的时态变化 doyouknowthetensesofthepassivevoiceofthefollowingsentences 1 mr wang youarewantedintheoffice 2 iwasinvitedtotheconcert 3 wehopethatanagreementwillbearrivedat 4 hesaidthatthebridgewouldbebuiltnextyear 5 thepartyhasbeenplannedsincethenewyear 6 thebookhadbeensoldoutwhenigotthere 7 ourclasshasbeentaughtbymissxieforoneyear 8 thisquestionisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting iii give show hand send pay lend pass tell write bring sell offer cause wish teach buy等常接双宾语 变被动语态时应考虑加上介词for或to hetoldheralongstory shewastoldalongstory alongstorywastoldtoher motherboughtmeanewcoat iwasboughtanewcoat anewcoatwasboughtforme iv 复合宾语的被动结构在 主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 结构中 有些使役动词和感官动词 在主动结构中跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补 在变为被动结构时 不定式应加上to 感官动词 feel hear listento lookat see watch notice observe 使役动词 have let make somebodysawhimentertheroom hewasseentoentertheroom 有人看见他走进了房间 thedoctormadehimgiveupsmoking hewasmadetogiveupsmoking 医生让他戒了烟 还有几个被动语态需要注意的问题 1 动词 介词或副词 构成的动词短语变被动语态时 不可将介词或副词与动词拆开 以保持短语动词的完整性 thepatientisbeingoperatedon herpupilsarealwaystakengoodcareof 也可将这类动词短语中的名词用作主语构成被动语态 尤其是名词前有定语修饰时 youshouldpaymoreattentiontoyourhandwriting yourhandwritingshouldbepaidmoreattentionto moreattentionshouldbepaidtoyourhandwriting havetakenplace 2 某些不及物动词 短语 如happen takeplace breakout等无被动语态 whatwillhappenin100years 一百年后会发生什么事情呢 inthepasttenyears greatchangesinshanghai 在过去的十年里 上海发生了很大的变化 3 want need require等表示 需要 这层意思时 其后要用动名词的主动形式表达被动的意义 即want need requiredoing want need requiretobedone theflowersneed theflowersneed 这些花需要浇水 thebabyrequires thebabyrequires 这个小孩需要照顾 4 beworthdoing表示 值得做 时 其后的动名词用主动形式表达被动的意义 theartexhibitionasecondtime 这个艺术展很值得再看一次 watering tobewatered lookingafter tobelookedafter iswellworthvisiting 1 2015 安徽高考 itisreportedthataspacestation onthemooninyearstocome a willbebuildingb willbebuiltc hasbeenbuildingd hasbeenbuilt 2 2015 福建高考 tomydelight i fromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony a waschosenb wasbeingchosenc wouldchoosed hadchosen 高考链接 3 2015 北京高考 didyouenjoytheparty yes we wellbyourhosts a weretreatedb wouldbetreatedc treatedd hadtreated4 2015 天津高考 despitethepreviousroundsoftalks noagreement sofarbythetwosides a hasbeenreachedb wasreachedc willreachd willhavereached 5 2014 大纲版全国卷 unlesssomeextramoney thetheatrewillclose a wasfoundb findsc isfoundd found 6 2014 天津高考 wewon tstarttheworkuntilallthepreparations a arebeingmadeb willbemadec havebeenmaded hadbeenmade 介词 by 与名词 代词或动词 ing连用 在句中作状语 grammar2by ingform thesnowwasclearedawaybythestudents iwasattackedbyadog hecouldproducemorericebycrossingtwodifferentplants youcangetintouchwithherane mail 你可以发电子邮件和她取得联系 youcanimproveyourenglishaloudinthemorning 你可以通过早上大声朗读的方式来提高英语水平 注意 by表示方式时 后面也可跟名词作宾语 但该名词前通常不用冠词 canyoucontacther 你能通过电话与她取得联系吗 youmaypay 你可以用支票付款 bysending byreading bytelephone bycheque 1 2012 北京高考 onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand them a correctsb correctc tocorrectd correcting classexercises 2 2012 湖南高考 don tworry thehardworkthatyoudonow laterinlife willberepaidb wasbeingrepaidc hasbeenrepaidd wasrepaid 3 2012 天津高考 thelettersfortheboss o