新视野英语教程UNIT 10 生词.docx

Preparationn. C; U the act or process of getting ready for something or making something ready 准备；准备工作 e.g. Careful preparation for the examination is extremely important. 认真准备考试非常重要。qualify1) (cause to) reach a necessary standard, e.g. of knowledge, ability, or performance 使具有资格；使合格 e.g. His industry and study skills qualify him as one of the few top students in the class. 他学习既勤奋又有技巧，因而成为班上为数不多的几名尖子生之一。 2) have or give somebody the right to do something 使有资格；使有权利 e.g. If you live in the area, you qualify for a parking permit. 如果你居住在这一地区的话，就会拥有这里的停车许可资格。qualify for reach a necessary standard, e.g. of knowledge, ability, or performance 具有（取得）的资格；证明在合格 e.g. Her fluency in English qualifies her for the job as an interpreter. 她流利的英语使她成为一名合格的翻译。bitter1) (of arguments, fights, hate etc.) severe; intense （争斗、争吵等）激烈的；（仇恨等）强烈的 e.g. bitter hatred for ones enemy 对敌人的强烈仇恨 2) causing pain or grief; hard to accept 引起痛苦的；惨痛的；难以接受的 e.g. bitter-sweet memory 苦乐参半的回忆 competition1) U act of competing, struggle between several people or groups to win something or gain an advantage 竞争 e.g. They have to keep prices low because of international trade competition. 因为存在国际贸易竞争，他们不得不维持低价。 2) C a test of strength, skill, ability etc. 竞赛；比赛 e.g. Ten people entered the annual tennis competition last week. 有十位选手参加了上星期举行的年度网球比赛。 dozenn. C a group of 12 （一）打；十二个 e.g. two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋equal1) (of two or more) the same in size, number, value, rank etc. （在大小、数量、价值、等级等方面）相同的；平等的 e.g. The twin brothers are of equal height. 这对双胞胎兄弟一样高。 2) (of a person) having enough strength, ability etc. (for) （人在气力、能力等方面）胜任的；能应付的 e.g. This is the first time Ive ever headed the research group; Im not sure if Im equal to the job. 这是我首次领导研究小组工作，我不知道自己是否能够胜任。 equally1) as (much); to an equal degree 同样地；相等地 e.g. We must try to think about what is best for you; equally, you must consider what we want to do. 我们会努力考虑你的最佳利益；同样你也应考虑我们的愿望。 2) in equal shares 平均地；等分地 e.g. They share the housework equally. 他们平均分担家务活。 Qualify1) if something qualifies you to do something, you have the necessary skills, knowledge, ability etc to do it 使具有资格；使合格 e.g. The certificate qualifies you to work as a dental assistant. 这证书能使你有资格当牙医助手。 2) have the right to have or do something, or give someone this right （使）有资格；（使）有权利 e.g. Free school lunches are given to children who qualify. 符合条件的儿童可享受免费的午餐。qualifiedadj. able to do something because you have the knowledge, skill, or experience that is needed 有能力的；胜任的；有资格的 e.g. It usually takes a couple of years to become a qualified teacher. 成为一个合格的教师通常要几年的时间。 candidate1) C a person who wants to be chosen for a job or elected to a position, or whom other people have suggested as a suitable person for such a job or position （求职）申请人；候选人；候补人 e.g. He has offered himself as a candidate for the post. 他已毛遂自荐应征那个职位。 2) C a person taking an examination 投考者；应考人 e.g. Most candidates passed in grammar, but quite a number of them failed in writing. 大部分考生通过了语法部分，但有相当一部分考生写作部分没及格。 employern. C a person or group that gives a job to 雇用者；雇主 e.g. They are not good employers, as they treat their workers badly. 他们不是好老板，因为他们虐待工人。 guidancen. U help and advice, especially on problems connected with ones work, education, or personal life 指导；引导 e.g. My parents have given me a lot of guidance on choosing a career. 在职业选择方面，父母给了我很多指导。 Treat1) behave in a particular way towards someone or something 对待；看待 e.g. We should learn to treat others with respect. 我们应该学会尊重别人。 2) use medicine or medical methods to cure an illness 医治；治疗 e.g. This doctor is good at treating patients suffering from depression. 这位医生擅长治疗患抑郁症的病人。 treat like act or behave towards in the stated way 对待；看待 e.g. In the old days, women were treated like servants at home. 过去，妇女在家被当作佣人看待。Hunt1) C a search, especially one that is long and difficult 搜索；追寻 e.g. I had a good hunt for this book. 这本书让我找得好苦。 2) C an act of hunting 狩猎；打猎 e.g. As a man born in the forest, he loves hunt more than anything else. 他出生在森林里，狩猎是他最喜欢的活动。 start from ground zero start again from the beginning 从头开始；从零开始 e.g. I advised him not to quit, as it is not really practical to start from ground zero in such a competitive job market. 我建议他别辞职，因为面对竞争那么激烈的劳务市场，一切从头开始不太现实。 professionaladj. of or working in one of the different forms of employment 职业的；专业的 e.g. In some societies, women are treated as professional equals on the job while being treated as servants at home. 在某些社会中，妇女在工作中被当作伙伴，而在家则被当作佣人。 n. C a person who has great experience and high professional standards 内行；专家；专业人士 e.g. a computer professional 电脑专家 role 1) the function or position of someone or something 作用；职责 e.g. What is his role in this project? 在这个项目中他的作用是什么？ 2) a part in a play, film etc. （演员的）角色 e.g. He won an Oscar for his leading role in the film. 他在影片中扮演主角而获得了奥斯卡奖。 otherwise1) in a different way; differently 用别的方式；另外 e.g. He should have been working in his office, but he was otherwise engaged. 他本该在办公室干活，可他却在忙其他事。 2) if not 否则；要不然 e.g. Take my umbrella; otherwise youll be caught in the rain. 带上我的雨伞，不然你会淋雨的。 consistvi. (used together with of ) be made up of 由组成 e.g. Three fourths of the earths surface consists of water. 地球表面四分之三是水。foulvt. make dirty with waste or impure matter 弄脏；弄污 e.g. The oil spill has fouled more than one beach. 溢出的石油污染了不止一处海滩。 foul up do badly on; spoil an occasion 口搞糟；做错 e.g. The unexpected guests fouled up our plans for the weekend. 不速之客的到来把我们周末的计划破坏了。slim1) (of hope, probability, etc.) very small; slight （希望、可能性等）微小的；渺茫的 e.g. slim hopes/chances of success 渺茫的希望/成功机会 2) (especially of a person) attractively thin; not fat （尤指人）苗条的；修长的 e.g. He gained a couple of pounds, but he was so slim that no one noticed. 他的体重增加了几磅，但他太瘦了，谁也没看出来。 researchn. U the detailed study of something in order to discover new facts or produce new ideas 研究；探索 e.g. They did some research on peoples eating habits. 他们对人们的饮食习惯做了些研究。 v. make a detailed study of something in order to discover new facts or produce new ideas 研究；探索 e.g. He spent five years researching his family history. 他花了五年的时间研究家史。 suitableadj. of the right type or quality for (a particular person, purpose, etc.) 合适的；适宜的；相配的 e.g. The movie is full of violence and blood and is not suitable for children. 这部影片充满了暴力和血腥的场面，因此不适合儿童观看。 suitabilityn. U the fact or degree of being suitable 合适； 适宜 e.g. In view of his educational background and experience, no one doubts his suitability as a leader. 鉴于他的教育背景和经验，大家都认为他适合当领导。 effect1) C; U a result or condition produced by a cause; something that happens when one thing acts on another 结果；影响；效果 e.g. If we do not take measures to reduce pollution, the environmental effect of this new factory could be a disaster. 如果我们不采取措施降低污染，那么这家新工厂给环境带来的影响将会是灾难性的。 2) C; U a result produced on the mind or feelings; an impression 感受；印象 e.g. Whats the effect of your new look on your boyfriend? 你男朋友对你这一新形象有何反应？refer (to)1) mention or speak about 提到；说起 e.g. People who work in offices are frequently referred to as “white-collar workers” because they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. 在办公室工作的人经常被称为“白领工人”，因为他们通常穿有领子的衬衫、系领带上班。 2) look at for information 参考；查阅 e.g. Keep an English-English dictionary handy, and when you cannot interpret a word with accuracy, you may refer to it any time. 手头放一本英英词典，当你无法准确解释一个词时，可以随时查阅。 impression1) C an image or effect that is produced in the mind by a person, event, experience etc. （人、事件、经历等留下）印象；感想 e.g. If your house is untidy, it creates a bad impression on your guests. 如果你的房子不整洁，就会给客人留下不好的印象。 2) C a mark left by pressure 印记；压痕 e.g. He took an impression of my key and had it reproduced without my permission. 他提取了我的钥匙模印，擅自配了一把。 entry1) C; U the act of coming or going in; entrance 进入；加入 e.g. Outsiders have free entry into these reading rooms. 外来人员可以免费进入这些阅览室。 2) C a door, gate, or passage by which one enters a place 大门；入口；通道 e.g. There are two front entries to this building. 这幢大楼有两扇前门。 upon/on entry to/into when entering (a place for ) 进门时；入场时 e.g. Upon entry into the concert hall, the audience sat down in silence. 听众一进音乐厅就安静地坐下。 composevt. 1）make (especially oneself) calm, quiet etc. 使镇定；使平静 e.g. She is an experienced nurse and knows well how to compose a baby. 她是 位经验丰富的护士，哄孩子很有办法。2）form; make up 组成；构成 e.g. The committee is composed mainly of teachers and parents. 该委员会主要由教师和家长组成。 The book is composed of ten chapters.这本书共分10 章。compose oneself make oneself calm, quiet etc. 使镇定；使平静 e.g. The contest is due to begin; please compose yourself and try to do a good job. 竞赛马上就开始了；请保持镇定，争取取得好成绩。 handshake n. C the act of shaking someones hand as a greeting 握手 e.g. I was impressed by his firm handshake. 他有力的握手让我印象深刻。 look someone in the eye look directly into someones eyes 直视对方的眼睛 e.g. He never looks a stranger in the eye when he speaks to him/her. 和陌生人讲话时，他从来不看对方的眼睛。 do something with flying colors be very successful at something 成功地做成某事 e.g. The new employees passed their exams with flying colors. 新聘人员成功地通过了考试。 think about consider seriously 认真考虑 e.g. Im not happy with my current job and am thinking about changing it. 目前的工作我做得不开心，因此正在考虑换新的工作。 advance n. C; U progress or a development in a particular activity or area of understanding 前移；推进 e.g. We live in an age of rapid technological advance. 我们生活在技术快速发展的时代。 v. (help to) progress and become better or more developed 取得进展；促进；推进 e.g. Computer technology is advancing very rapidly. 计算机技术发展迅猛。 in advance ahead of time; beforehand 预先；提前 e.g. You seem to know in advance what will happen. 你似乎能未卜先知。 wingvt. (it) do something without planning or preparation （常与it连用）（没有计划或准备地）临时行动 e.g. The teacher didnt tell us in advance that we would have a quiz today; she just wanted us to wing it. 老师没有预先通知我们今天要测验；她就是要我们临场发挥。 n. C a movable limb that a bird or insect, etc., uses for flying 翅膀；翼 e.g. My son prefers chicken wings to legs. 我儿子更喜欢吃鸡翅，而不是鸡腿。 favorable1) winning favor and approval 博得好感的；赢得赞许的 e.g. Dressing appropriately will make a favorable impression on others. 衣着得体会给人留下好印象。 2) (of conditions) advantageous （条件）有利的 e.g. Because of the favorable temperature conditions, the planet, in addition to the Earth, most likely to protect life, is Mars. 因为有利的气温条件，火星是除地球之外最有可能扶持生命的另一颗行星。 assistantn. C a person who helps another in a job or piece of work, and is under that persons direction 助理；助手 e.g. With so many papers to correct, I asked two teaching assistants to share my work. 手头有那么多论文要改，我请两位助教帮我。 adj. of or being an assistant 助理的；辅助的 e.g. an assistant headmaster 校长助理 an assistant general manager 总经理助理laboratoryn. C a special building or room where people do scientific or medical experiments or research 实验室 e.g. He donate