2015年英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(2).doc

2015年英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(2)2015年英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(2)A Battle is Looming over Renewable Energy,and Fossil Fuel Interests are LosingA. In state capitals across the country,legislators are debating proposals to roll back environmental rules，prodded by industry and advocacy groups eager to curtail(缩减)regulations aimed at curbing greenhouse gasesB.The measures，which have been introduced in about 18 states，lie at the heart of an effort to expand to the state level the battle over fossil fuel and renewable energyThe new rules would trim or abolish climate mandates-including those that require utilities to use solar and wind energy,as well as proposed Environmental Protection Agency rules that would reduce carbon emissions from power plantsC.But the campaigndespite its backing from powerful groups such as Americans for Prosperityhas run into a surprising roadblock：the growing political clout of renewable-energy interests，even in rock-ribbed Republican states such as KansasD. The stage has been set for what one lobbyist called“trench warfare”as moneyed interests on both sides wrestle over some of the strongest regulations for promoting renewable energyAnd the issues are likely to surface this fall in the midterm elections，as well，with Califomia billionaire Tom Steyer pouring money into various gubernatorial(州长的)and state and federal legislative races to back candidates who support tough rules curbing pollutionE.The multi-pronged conservative effort to roll back regulations，begun more than a year ago，is supported by a loose，wellfunded confederation that includes the USChamber of Commerce，the National Association of Manufacturers and conservative activist groups such as Americans for Prosperity,a politically active nonprofit organization founded in part by brothers David and Charles KochThese groups argue that existing government rules violate free-market principles and will ultimately drive up costs for consumersF.The proposed measures are similar from state to stateIn some cases，the legislative language matches or closely resembles model bills and resolutions offered by the American Legislative Exchange Council(ALEC)，a free-marketoriented group of state lawmakers underwritten in part by Exxon Mobil，Koch Industries，Duke Energy and Peabody Energy“Now more than ever is the time for states to lead the way,”ALECs top officials told its members at a meeting in DecemberG.The coalition campaigns have achieyed only symbolic victories in a few statesNonbinding resolutions critical of the EPA power plant proposals have been approved in Alabama，Georgia，Nebraska，West Virginia and WyomingThree other states-LouisianaMissouri and Ohioare weighing legislation similar to the ALEC modelH.Only one of the 18 state legislatures has approved a more substantive measure that would replace the EPAs power plant rulesAnd even that billin Kentucky,could backfire by giving up a chance for the state to design its own program and forcing it to accept a federal compliance programI.“Clean energy is beginning to become mainstream，”said Gabe Eisner,executive director of the Energy and Policy Institute，a clean-energy think tank in Washington“Renewable energy is popular and has increased political power now,”but，he added，“that power is still eclipsed by the resources of the fossil fuel industry”A surprisingly tough fightJ.Kansas might be the best place to see how these dynamics are unfoldingK.The state was a promising choice for a foray(攻击)against rules known as renewable-energy standardswhich set minimum levels of renewable-energy use by electric utilitiesVariations of these rules have been adopted in about 30 stateseven though Congress did not pass a federal version of the requirementIn Kansas，a law passed in 2009 requires utilities to use wind and solar power to generate at least 15 percent of their electricity bv 2016 and 20 percent by 2020L.The coalition seeking the repeal of the renewable mandate had all the ingredients for successFinancialmuscle came from the Kansas Chamber of Commerce，which lobbied heavily for repealIn addition，the state is home to Koch Industries，the Koch brothersWichita-based energy conglomerate(集团)The state representative for Wichita，Republican Dennis Hedke，has called the company“one of the greatest success stories in the world”and said“they are making very positive contributions”Hedkechairs the state Houses Energy and Environment CommitteeM.Koch Industries，along with the utility industrys Edison Electric Institute and the nations biggest coal company,Peabody Energy,have supported ALECwhich advised state lawmakers on repeal strategyN.“Koch has consistently opposed all subsidies and mandates across the boardespecially as it relates to energy policy,”Philip Ellendea president and chief operating officer of Koch Companies Public Sector,said in a statement，citing the companys opposition to the renewable fuel standard，wind production tax credit and ethanol(乙醇)mandate“Government should not mandate the allocation or use of natural resources and raw materials in the production of goods”O.The ideological case was supported by conservative think tanksKansans for Liberty supposed repealand the state branch of Americans for Prosperity told supporters that“green energy mandates replace the free-market with bureaucratic government oversight，driving up costs for hardworking Kansas families”The national group has spent$300000 in the state pushing for the rollback of renewable standardsP.Connections to key Kansas politicians also were stron9Both the Kansas state Senates presidentSusan Wagle，and the speaker of the state House，Ray Merrick，are members of the ALEC board and backed repeal“The repeal of the RPSRenewable Portfolio Standardsfits in line with the goals of the organization，”said Wagle，who said she joined ALEC in the 1990s in connection with her opposition to health-care reforln led by Hillary Rodham Clintonthen the first ladyQ.Moreoverthe Kansas economy relies heavily on fossil fuelsThe state iS the nations 10th1argest producer of crude oil and l 2th-largest of natural gas，according to the federal Energy Information AdministrationIn 2013，coal-fired power plants provided 61 percent of the states electricity,well above the national averageBut the strong winds that blow across Kansas have carried new interests into the stateKansas ranks sixth in the country in wind output，which jumped by a third last year and equaled 19 percent of the states electricity,the EIA saysR. The growing number of wind farms not only generates power but royalties for landownersDorothy Barnett，executive director of the Climate and Energy Project，said that Kansas landowners receive more than$1 3 million a year“This issue is an issue that touches rural Kansans，and we have a lot of rural Kansas legislators，”she said46Resolutions with no binding force which are picky about the EPA power plant proposals have been accepted in many states such as Alabama and Georgia47It is hopeful to gain success if Kansas is chosen as the foray against the rules of renewable-energy standards which minimize the renewable-energy use by power plants48Koch Companys Philip Ellender cited the companys opposition to the renewable rules to approve its objection to all energy-policy-concerning subsidies and mandates，and advised that government let go of the allocation or use of materials used in goods production49The issue is a problem that concerns the benefits of people in the rural Kansas，and we have a great many lawmakers from rural parts of Kansas50The requirement to abolish the RPS complies with the organizations targets51The methods adopted by the l 8 states are the kernel of the attempts to level up the battle between fossil fuel and renewable energy52The stage is established for the so-called“Wench warfare”，for the monetary benefits of both parts have been violated by the most powerful rules to spread renewable energy53The league which requires abolishing the renewable mandate had all the factors to achieve success54However,the winds that sweep across Kansas have brought new benefits to the state55The all-sided efforts which roll back the renewable rules have been backed by a confederation with abundant capital，the members of which go against the existing govemment rules46Resolutions with no binding force which are picky about the EPA power plant proposals have been accepted in many states such as Alabama and Georgia那些对EPA电力公司的建议很挑剔的，不具有约束力的决议得到了阿拉巴马和佐治亚等州的支持。47It is hopeful to gain success if Kansas is chosen as the foray against the rules of renewable-energy standards Which minimize the renewable-energy use by power plants如果选择堪萨斯州来攻击那些规定了电力公司可再生能源最低使用量的可再生能源准则的话，取得成功是很有希望的。【解析】 K）48Koch Companys Philip Ellender cited the companys oppose to the renewable rules to approve its objection to all energy-policy-concerning subsidies and mandates，and advised that government let go of the allocation or use of materials used in goods production科氏公司的菲利普埃兰多引用了该公司对可再生能源规则的反对来证明其对所有与能源政策有关的资助与授权的异议，并且提议政府应该放开在商品生产中对材料的分配及使用。【解析】 N)49The issue is a problem that concerns the benefits of people in the rural Kansas，and we have a great many lawmakers from that part这个问