人教版必修五Unit 4 making the news grammar学案.docx

unit 4 making the news grammar学案语法图解探究发现here comes my list of dos and donts .never will zhou yang (zy) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular english newspaper.they have a good knowledge of english but little do they know about german.only then did i realize i was wrong.only by shouting was he able to make himself heard.only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.so fast did he run that i couldnt follow him.我的发现(1)倒装句有两种情况：一种为完全倒装；一种为部分倒装。例句为完全倒装；其余为部分倒装。(2)否定副词(如never, neither, nor, little, hardly等)位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。例句就属于这类情况。(3)only后接状语(可为单个副词、介词短语，也可以为从句)位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。如例句。(4)例句为so .that .结构。若“so形容词/副词”位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。一、倒装的定义在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了强调句子的某一部分或其他原因，谓语需要全部或部分移到主语的前面，这种语序叫倒装。而倒装语序又分为完全倒装和部分倒装。二、倒装的种类完全倒装整个谓语都在主语之前here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。部分倒装谓语的一部分(通常是助动词、连系动词be或情态动词)位于主语前under no circumstances will books desert you. 书籍决不会背弃你。三、完全倒装1将here, there, now, then等地点或时间副词置于句首，且谓语动词是be, come, go, remain, lie, run等，且主语为名词时，用完全倒装。is everyone here?not yet . look, there come the rest of our guests!每个人都在这儿吗？还没有。看，其余的客人来了。2表示运动方向的副词out, in, up, down, away等置于句首，谓语是表示运动的动词，且主语为名词时，句子要用完全倒装。in the dark corner of the room, up jumped the cat and caught the mouse.在房间黑暗的角落里，那只猫跳了上去并抓住了那只老鼠。3such作表语且置于句首，意为“就是如此”时，要用完全倒装。such is our lively city, which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。4表示地点的介词短语位于句首或强调地点概念或为保持句子平衡，且句子的谓语是表示存在意义的动词(lie, stand, exist, live, sit等)时，要用完全倒装。in a lecture hall of a university in england sits a professor.在英格兰的一所大学的报告厅里坐着一位教授。5作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语位于句首时，要用“表语连系动词(be)主语”结构。present at the meeting were some scientists from china.许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。名师点津(1)在完全倒装句式中，谓语动词的数要与后面主语的数一致。(2)完全倒装的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。助记巧记完全倒装副介开头全倒装，遇到代词则照常。方位方式别遗忘，上下进出往前放。there, here用得上，时间顺序句首放。表语句首主语长，句子平衡需倒装。即时演练1用倒装结构补全句子sitting_in_front_of_the_house_was a little girl.一个小女孩坐在房子的前面。out_rushed the boys when the bell rang.铃一响，男孩子们就冲出去了。such_is_helen,_an easygoing girl.这就是海伦，一个很随和的女孩。to my great surprise, there at the door stood_a_girl trembling in wet clothes.让我很吃惊的是，门口站着一个正在颤抖的女孩，衣服湿透了。四、部分倒装1“so/nor/neither助动词/be动词/情态动词主语”结构为部分倒装。he can swim and so can i.他会游泳，我也会。the headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor/neither will he even give it a thought.校长既不会允许课程上的变革，也不会对其予以考虑。2将never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, not, nowhere, by no means, in no way, at no time, in no case等表示否定或半否定意义的词或词组置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。its nice. never before have i had such a special drink! im glad you like it.太好了。我以前从没喝过如此特别的饮料！我很高兴你喜欢它。seldom has there been such a happy meeting.过去很少有过这样愉快的会议。not once did it occur to michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.(2013湖南高考单选)迈克尔从来没有想到过有一天自己会成为他班上的尖子生。3not only . but (also) .引导两个并列分句，not only置于句首时，not only所在的分句需用倒装，but (also)所在的分句不用倒装；而neither . nor .引导两个并列分句时，两个分句都需要倒装。i suggested not only should he go to the meeting but also give a speech there.我建议他不但要参加这次会议，而且还要在那做报告。4含有no sooner . than, hardly . when, scarcely . when的主从复合句中，no sooner, hardly, scarcely所在的主句倒装，than, when所在的从句不倒装。hardly had mike picked up the ball when another player took it from him.麦克刚接过球，另一名球员就从他那儿把它抢走了。no sooner had i got home than it began to rain.我刚到家天就开始下雨了。5“only副词/介词短语/状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。“only状语从句”位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。only then did i realize that i had failed.只是到了那时，我才意识到我失败了。only after talking to two students did i discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.(2015湖南高考单选)直到跟两个学生谈了话以后我才发现，有强烈的动机是达到目标的最重要的因素之一。only when lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.(2015天津高考单选)直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。6当as/though表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句时，要把强调的表语、谓语动词、状语放在主语之前。important as/though regular exercise is, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.尽管定期锻炼是很重要的，但是快要睡觉的时候锻炼不是一个好主意。7not until放于句首时，主句使用部分倒装句式。not until he retired from teaching three years ago did he consider having a holiday abroad. (2012辽宁高考单选)直到他三年前从教师岗位上退休他才考虑出国度假。8虚拟条件句中，把if引导的条件从句中的were, had, should提前，并省略if，也可构成部分倒装结构。helen, are you going to the airport to see jack off the day after tomorrow?were he to leave tomorrow, i would go.海伦，后天你会去机场送杰克吗？如果他明天走的话，我就去送。9在so . that .和such . that .句型中，把“so形容词或副词”或把“such名词短语”放于句首时，主句使用部分倒装句式。so suddenly did he catch the disease that the whole family was at a great loss.他突然患病，全家人全然不知所措。助记巧记部分倒装only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装；否定意义副连词，位于句首须倒装；so和such放句首，引起主谓要倒装；not only开头句，前一分句须倒装；had, were, should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。即时演练2把下面句子改为倒装句she has never seen anybody play tennis so well before.never_before_has_she_seen_anybody_play_tennis_so_well.he realized it was the same place hed been in last year only when he arrived.only_when_he_arrived_did_he_realize_it_was_the_same_place_hed_been_in_last_year.though the night air was hot, we slept deeply.hot_though_the_night_air_was,_we_slept_deeply.this is not my story, and it is not the whole story, either.this_is_not_my_story,_nor_is_it_the_whole_story.if you should succeed, you would become pretty rich and popular.should_you_succeed,_you_would_become_pretty_rich_and_popular.she performed so well that she won the first prize.so_well_did_she_perform_that_she_won_the_first_prize.把下面的句子变为倒装句1i will speak to him again only when he apologizes for his rudeness.only_when_he_apologizes_for_his_rudeness_will_i_speak_to_him_again.2they actually broke the rules of the game at no time. it was unfair to punish them.at_no_time_did_they_actually_break_the_rules_of_the_game._it_was_unfair_to_punish_them.3though they tried hard, they couldnt make her change her mind.hard_though_they_tried,_they_couldnt_make_her_change_her_mind.4the arrow went up into the air.up_went_the_arrow_into_the_air.5if the snowstorm should continue tomorrow, our flight would be canceled.should_the_snowstorm_continue_tomorrow,_our_flight_would_be_canceled.6she was so brave that she faced the difficulty bravely.so_brave_was_she_that_she_faced_the_difficulty_bravely.7i did not understand the true state of the affairs until i read your letter.not_until_i_read_your_letter_did_i_understand_the_true_state_of_the_affairs.8the days are gone when the smog happens so frequently.gone_are_the_days_when_the_smog_happens_so_frequently.9the singer had hardly appeared on the stage when the audience rose and cheered.hardly_had_the_singer_appeared_on_the_stage_when_the_audience_rose_and_cheered.10my father doesnt smoke; her father doesnt either.my_father_doesnt_smoke,_nor/neither_does_her_father.单句写作1(2014江苏高考标准范文)only_in_this_way_can_people from all over the world communicate easily and effectively.只有通过这种方式，来自全世界的人才能轻松、有效地交流。2child_as/though_he_is,_he knows a lot about astronomy.虽然他是个孩子，但他知道很多天文学知识。3such_great_progress_did_he_make that he was praised.他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬。4such_is_liu_yang,_the first chinese woman astronaut.这就是刘洋，中国第一个女宇航员。5we visited a hill, on top of which stood_an_old_temple.我们参观了一座山，山上有一座古庙。6not_until_the_river_was_seriously_polluted_did the local government realize the problem.直到河水被严重污染了，当地政府才意识到这个问题。7(2014福建高考标准范文) looking back, i feel i wouldnt be able to ride a bike had_i_lost_heart.回顾以往，我感觉如果我失去了信心就学不会骑自行车。8present at the meeting were_some_important_figures.出席会议的是一些重要人物。9no sooner had_i_entered the office than the phone rang.几乎在我进办公室的同时电话铃响了。10so loudly did_he_speak that even people in the next room could hear him.他说话的声音如此大以至于隔壁屋里的人都能听见。.语法填空i will never forget the experience of being trusted by others. years ago a college friend and i set out across the us on a postcollege adventure. our vehicle broke down in new london, ontario, canada on _1_ sunday afternoon.we were pulled to a garage _2_ we spent the ni