人教版选修八Unit 1 A land of diversity Reading课时作业 (1).docx

unit 1 a land of diversity reading课时作业.单句语法填空1.every possible means has been tried（try），and we find only by this means is it possible to persuade him.解析：考查主谓一致和介词。 句意：每个可能的方法被尝试，我们发现只有用这种方法我们才能说服他。 every修饰means，故means这里是单数；by this means用这种方法，固定搭配。2.the operation turned out to be very successful, and the old man lived on for another ten years.解析：考查介词。句意：那次手术证明很成功，那位老人又活了十年。live on为固定用法，意为“继续生存”。3.africa is the second largest(large) continent in the world, making up a fifth of the earths land mass.解析：考查形容词最高级。句意：非洲是世界上第二大洲，占整个地球陆地面积的五分之一。序数词修饰形容词最高级。4.she said she couldnt come to attend my party but she was very likely to ring(ring) me tonight.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她说她今晚不能来参加我的派对，但她很可能给我打电话。be likely to do可能做某事。5.it has been said that mans potential is unlimited, but only a small percentage(percent) of it is made use of.解析：考查名词。句意：人们常说一个人的潜能是无限的，但只有一小部分利用了。a small percentage of 一小部分。6.jazz music is distinctly(distinct) different from any other types of music and can be recognized worldwide as having a uniquely american style.解析：考查副词。句意：爵士音乐与其他种类的音乐存在显著不同，被世界广泛认为是美洲独有的风格。distinctly清晰地；明显地，副词修饰形容词。7.the 2000s, with more asian immigration taking place, saw a boom in the popularity of chinese restaurants.解析：考查介词。句意：随着亚洲移民的增加，二十世纪见证了中式餐馆的繁荣。a boom in方面的繁荣/迅速发展。8.the united states is often referred to as a melting pot because its citizens come from every corner of the world with diverse(diversity) cultures.解析：考查形容词。句意：美国被称为一个大熔炉，这里有来自世界各地有着各种不同文化背景的人们。diverse多种多样的；不同的,形容词修饰名词。9.tom was elected(elect) chairman, for he is hardworking and responsible.解析：考查时态语态。句意：汤姆被推选成为主席，因为他很努力有责任心。be elected被选举，强调被动动作。10.all 152 people on board were killed in the plane crash, including(include) two americans/ two americans included.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：机上152人全部在飞机坠毁中丧生，其中包括两名美国人。.单句改错1.these ideas sound nice, but by no means they solve these practical problems.解析：句意：这些想法听起来不错，但它们不能解决实际问题。by no means绝不，放在句首，句子要部分倒装。2.by the time he retired, georgesaved enough money to buy a holiday home.解析：句意：到乔治退休时，他已攒够了买度假屋的钱。by the time从句谓语用过去时，主句谓语用过去完成时。3.the majority of people it quite hard to live on the money they earn because prices hike in basic goods.解析：句意：大多数人觉得靠他们赚的钱来维持生活相当困难，因为基本的日常生活用品价格飞涨。the majority of的大多数，作主语，谓语由of后面的名词单复数决定； people人们，集合名词，复数含义。4.in 1492 columbus and his crew arrived in was so-called the new world by the westerners.解析：考查宾语从句。1492年哥伦布和他的船员到达了被西方人称为所谓新大陆的地方。由具体题干可知动词arrive需要宾语从句，同时句子was so-called the new world by the westerners需要主语，结合答案充当双重结构的引导词只能是what。5.(2016北京卷改编）my grandfather still plays tennis now and then, though hes in his nineties.解析：考查状语从句的连词。即使我爷爷已经90多岁了，但他有时还打网球。even if即使，引导条件状语从句，含有让步的含义;as if/though仿佛，引导方式状语。6.is believed is that before long there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups.解析：句意：人们认为，要不了多久，不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体。分析句子结构，“is that从句”是系表结构作谓语，what引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语。7.liu yang is the first chinese woman to the tiangong 1 space module.解析：句意：刘洋是到达“天宫一号”太空舱的第一位中国女性。the first+名词+不定式，第一个做的。8.this diversity of culture is not when you know the history of california.解析：surprised感到吃惊的，修饰人；surprising令人吃惊的，修饰事物。9.the settlers crossed the bering strait by means of a land bridge which was existed in prehistoric times.解析：exist存在，不及物动词，没有被动语态。10.people from different parts of china,by the climate and lifestyle, move to dali, yunnan province.解析：分析句子成分，以及by可知，过去分词短语作定语，修饰people。attracted by被吸引。.阅读理解（2016四川卷） if you could have one superpower, what would it be?dreaming about whether you would want to read minds, see through walls, or have superhuman strength may sound silly, but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life.every day in our work, we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.they have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to make a difference in the lives of others.were not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor.your lives are busy enough doing homework, playing sports, making friends, seeking after your dreams.but we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.find an issue you are interested in and learn more.volunteer or, if you can, contribute a little money to a cause.whatever you do, dont be a bystander.get involved.you may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when youre older.but why not start now?our own experience working together on health, development, and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives.it has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.1.what does the underlined part in paragraph 2 refer to?a.your life style. b.your life value.c.your trouble in life. d.your life experience.解析：b 词义猜测题。根据第三，四，五段的内容，尤其是“to improve the world”“ the power to make a difference in the lives of others.”可知，划线部分指的是帮助他人，改善世界的人生观。故选b。2.why does the author say they are inspired every day?a.they possess different kinds of superpowers.b.they have got the power to change the world.c.some people around them are making the world better.d.there are many powerful people in their life and work.解析：c 细节理解题。根据第三段和第四段的内容可知，作者讲述他们每天都受鼓励的原因是他们周围的一些人在做非凡的事情以让世界变得更美好。故选c。3.what does the author stress in paragraph 5?a.learning more and contributing more to a cause.b.rising above self and acting to help others.c.working hard to get a bigger opportunity.d.trying your best to help the poor.解析：b 推理判断题。根据第五段第三句的内容可知，作者强调的是“我们要超越自己，采取行动，帮助他人”。故选b。4.what can be inferred from the last paragraph?a.the author believes the lives of the poorest will get better.b.much more progress will be made in the near future.c.the work on health is the most valuable experience.d.peoples efforts have been materially rewarded. 解析：a 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容 fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.可知，我们去帮助他人会使最贫穷的人在未来的岁月里生活有所改善。故选a。amazing activities for a mental health daymental health is an important part of your life.it makes you able to function during everyday life and helps you feel confident to rise to a new challenge.there are many ways to improve your mental health.pay a visit to your friends.5. _it is a good idea to visit your best friend and spend your mental health day together.you will have an opportunity to laugh, relax and reflect together on some interesting topics.go for a walk.walking is one of the best ways to increase both mental and physical health.if you make long walking a regular habit, you will always feel peaceful and calm.6. _moreover, it can help you erase a bad day, as you start concentrating on the surrounding environment.7._ go to a park in your neighborhood or take a short trip to more rural areas, because nature is a perfect medicine when you are suffering from stress.just looking at greenery can ease your mind.it seems to be the healing for tired minds and for overburdened spirits.read.if you prefer a passive way of spending time, you can spend your mental health day reading a good book.8._ when you read, you can escape from reality, fears and obsessive thoughts.reading is a good destressing activity that takes your mind off everyday life.go shopping.shopping sprees can offer wonderful health benefits linked to great mental health.9._ it surely rids yourself of stress.the heightened emotions of happiness release endorphins(脑内啡) in your brain, which help you refocus your mind on your body movements, improving your mood.a.nature heals.b.human interaction seems to keep our minds refreshed.c.go out for a picnic.d.shopping with your friends provides a bonding experience.e.getting lost in a wonderful book will help you refresh your mind.f.use your mental health day to make up for sleep and have a good rest.g.a long walk is a perfect time to clear your mind and focus on yourself.5.b 解析：本段主题句是“pay a visit to your friends”, b项的“human interaction”与之相符。6.g 解析：本段讲的是散步对身心健康有益,故选g。7.a 解析：本段中的“nature is a perfect medicine”和“it seems to be the healing”可知,本段讲的是大自然对心理健康的益处,故选a。8.e 解析：根据本段内容尤其是主题句“read”可知,本段讲的是读书对心理健康的益处,e项与之相符。9.d 解析：由该段主题句“go shopping”及段意可知,这段讲的是购物有益于心理健康,故选d。.单词拼写 根据首字母或汉语提示写出下列各句中的单词。1.bob and jack werent interested in traveling, so they elected to stay at home.2.despite the fact that she was tired after work, she prepared dinner for the whole family.3.immigration(移民) in the 1980s was very common.4.only a few of shopkeepers thought highly of the plan. the majority(大多数) were against it.5.there is often no clear distinction(区别) between them.6.a new law has been brought in to discourage racial(种族) prejudice to build a harmonious society.7.it is believed that a strong man will bear hardship(困苦) without complaining.8.he made a lot of money during the property boom(繁荣).9.because of the financial crisis, the unemployment percentage(百分率) keeps rising in this country.10.testing is still the usual means(方法) by which students progress is measured in most chinese schools.选词填空 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。by means of, a large percentage of, live on, in the majority, keepup, make a life, in addition, be distinct from, elect sb.as, a boom in1.in this club, young women members are in the majority, so men have not much right to decide on things.2.you cant live on 200 calories a day, or you will be starved to death in a long time.3.a large percentage of school books now have pictures, so they look more attractive.4.although they had a lot of trouble with the new system, they still kept up their spirits.5.many young people are going to big cities to make a life for themselves.6.more and more people tend to communicate with each other by means of the internet.7.there is, in addition, one further point to make.8.they elected my son as chairman of the students union.9.there was a boom in population in the 1990s, so the generation had to face the pressure from all aspects of life