北师大版选修七Unit 21 Human Biology Lesson 1 Super Athletes学案 (1).docx

unit 21 human biology lesson 1 super athletes学案.重点单词1. n.间隔；间歇2. vi.循环3. vi.用泵抽出(注入)4. vt.消化；领悟；理解；n.摘要；概要；文摘；汇编5. vi.交换6. vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂；n.滥用；虐待；谩骂；恶习7. vt.容忍；忍耐；容许8. adj.根本的；基础的9. adj.怀疑的，不肯定的 v.& n.怀疑10. vt.(sought，sought)寻找，搜寻；寻求，探求；试图，设法11. adj.每年的，一年一次的，年度的12. adj.强制性的，义务的13. adj.有争议的14. vt.反对15. vt.与(其他事物)相矛盾；反驳16. vt.违反，违背.重点短语1. 与某人交换2. 沉默地，无声地3. 上气不接下气4. 参加5. 使慢下来6. 偶遇7. 徒然，白费力气8. 随便地，随意地9. 总是，一直10. 不管多大代价，无论如何.重点句式1.make宾语宾补these drugs are originally developed to help people with illnesses，but in the wrong hands，they create supreme athletes than is normal for human beings.开发这些药物原本是用来帮助病人的，但一旦用于歧途，它们会创造出比常人更快、更强的超级运动员。2.动词-ing形式作主语 (take) these drugs is known as “doping”.服用这些药物的行为即是所谓的“服用兴奋剂”3.虚拟条件句if american athlete marion jones hadnt taken drugs，would she (make) it to the olympics at all？如果美国运动员马里昂琼斯没有服用药物的话，她能成功参加奥运会吗？4.catch sb.doing sth.unfortunately，it is not easy to catch athletes (use) illegal drugs.不幸的是，要当场查出运动员使用了违禁药物并不容易。5.have sth.donein the future，athletes who have their genes (change) might be able to do the 100 metres dash in just 8 seconds or the marathon in less than two hours.将来，改变了基因的运动员有可能创下仅在8秒内跑完100米或在不到两小时内跑完马拉松的记录。.根据课文内容判断正(t)、误(f)1.according to the whole text: better equipment，training and diet are the reasons given for improved performance.()2.ben johnson was still the 100 meters world record holder because he had taken drugs in the 1988 olympics.()3.doping can help athletes enhance their performance，however，the drugs also cause serious health problems in later life for those who abuse them.()4.doping is only a problem in athletics.()5.the olympic spirit of competition emphasizes winning rather than taking part.().课文阅读理解1.some sports predictions were always .a.right b.wrongc.simple d.mature2.whats the drugs legal effect?a.to make the athletes run faster.b.to make the audience cheer more excitedly.c.to cure the patients.d.to make money for the chemists.3.ben johnson .a.used to be the 100 metres world record holderb.was taken as a drug takerc.will be the 100 metres world record holderd.will be taken as a drug taker4.which is right according to the passage?a.some athletes want to achieve the championship with the help of doping.b.it is easy to clarify whether an athlete has taken drugs.c.doping is the only problem in track and field.d.gene-therapy will benefit the athletes.5.in the future， .a.athletes must have their genes changedb.athletes will finish 100 metres in only 8 secondsc.athletes will finish the marathon in less than two hoursd.the olympic spirit will go on重点词汇1.it digests your food and sends vitamins and minerals into the blood.它消化你的食物并把维生素和矿物质输送到血液中。归纳拓展(1)digest vt.消化；领悟；理解；n.摘要；概要；文摘；汇编(2)digestion n.u消化；c消化能力语境助记(1)this kind of meat digests easily.这种肉食容易消化。(2)i tried to digest this difficult passage，but in vain.我尽力去理解这篇很难的文章，却白费力气。(3)you have known it，so you must have read a monthly news digest.既然你已经知道此事，那么，你肯定读过每月新闻摘要了。题组训练(1)用digest的正确形式填空athletes such as boris becker are fans of the fruit because it easily.the horse has a strong .(2)完成句子我领悟了书中大部分要点。i most of the important points in the book.2.write down five telephone numbers and swap with your partner.写下五个电话号码，与你的同伴交换。归纳拓展swap vi.交换swap sth.with sb.与某人交换某物swap sth.for sth.用某物交换某物语境助记(1)i usually swap views with my friends online.我通常和我的朋友在网上交流意见。(2)people can swap their rice for wheat in the south.在南方，人们可以拿大米换小麦。题组训练(1)用适当的介词填空i wanted to swap seats him，but he made it a condition that i first agreed to swap my new story-book his old pen.(2)完成句子i wouldnt (与他交换位置) for anything. (把这件衬衫换成) a bigger one.3.taking these drugs is known as “doping” and although they enhance performance，they also cause serious health problems in later life for those who abuse them.服用这些药物的行为即是所谓的“服用兴奋剂”。对滥用兴奋剂的运动员来说，尽管兴奋剂能提高他们的成绩，但也会给他们日后的生活带来严重的健康问题。归纳拓展abuse vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂；n.滥用；虐待；谩骂；恶习abuse ones power滥用职权abuse ones trust/confidence背信弃义be open to abuse易被滥用语境助记(1)i dont see why i should put up with this kind of abuse from anyone.我不明白我为什么要忍受有人这样辱骂我。(2)some officials were punished by law because they abused their power.有些官员受到法律的惩罚，因为他们滥用职权。(3)im afraid the position is open to abuse.恐怕这个职位容易使人滥用职权。题组训练完成句子(1)不要滥用你的职权。按照告诉你的去行事。dont .take it as you are told to.(2)不要辜负我对你的信任。never in you.(3)政府已成立工作组以调查毒品滥用问题。the government has set up a working group to look into .4.the sports world does not tolerate doping as it is a fundamental form of cheating.体育界不会容忍运动员服用兴奋剂，因为它是一种本质的欺骗形式。归纳拓展(1)tolerate vt.容忍；忍耐；容许tolerate (doing) sth.容忍(做)某事(2)tolerance n.宽容；容忍；忍受；耐力(3)tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的；忍受的be tolerant of sb./sth.容忍/宽容某人/某事语境助记(1)it sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance.(2015江苏)它有时会要求读者去忍受各种不快与烦恼。(2)she refused to tolerate being called a liar.她拒绝接受被称为撒谎者。(3)i dont have much tolerance for people like that.我对那种人比较没耐心。题组训练用所给动词的正确形式填空(1)i cant tolerate my son (talk) at table.(2)perhaps you need to be more (tolerate) of your neighbours.(3)nobody can tolerate (cheat)，and thats why he has no friend.(4) (tolerate) to alcohol decreases with age.5.doping is not only a problem in athletics，it is part of every sport where athletes seek to achieve beyond their natural limits and are prepared to cheat to do so.服用兴奋剂不仅仅是田径运动中的问题，每个运动项目都存在这个问题。运动员想取得超越他们极限的体育成绩而准备用欺骗来达到目的。归纳拓展seek vt.寻找，搜寻；寻求，探求；试图，设法seek to do sth.试图/设法做某事seek after/for寻求；追求注意：seek的过去式和过去分词均为sought。语境助记(1)chimps in the wild seek food for themselves.黑猩猩在野外为自己寻找食物。(2016江苏)(2)besides，businesses seek to appeal to customers senses.(2015重庆)另外，商家试图吸引顾客的感觉。(3)we are earnestly seeking after the truth.我们在认真地寻求真理。题组训练(1)单句语法填空 (seek) for a solution to the problem for several days，they finally found one.they sought (figure) out the maths problem，but without luck.(2)单句改错all men have the right to seek to happiness.6.floyd landis made several lame excuses blaming medicine he had been taking for an injury but these were all in vain.弗洛伊德兰蒂斯做了几次站不住脚的辩解，责怪他因伤服用的药物，但是这些都是徒劳的。归纳拓展in vain(vainly)徒劳，白费力气vain adj.徒劳的；自负的，爱慕虚荣的语境助记(1)money spent on the brain is never spent in vain.花在脑子上的钱没有冤枉钱。(2)they made vain attempts to reach the mountain top.他们几次徒然尝试想攀登山顶。题组训练完成句子(1)警察企图驱散抗议者，但没有成功。the police tried to break up the protesters.(2)他为他的项目筹资的努力白费了，因为没有一个人愿意从他们的口袋里拿出一分钱。his efforts to raise money for his program were because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.7.it is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested at random.获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随意地检查。归纳拓展(1)at random随便地；随意地random adj.随便的；随机的；胡乱的(2)randomly adv.随便地；随机地；无目的地，胡乱地语境助记(1)i sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random.(2015天津)我坐在地板上从书架上随意地抽出几本书。(2)the following two examples are created randomly.以下两个例子是随意举出来的。题组训练(1)单句语法填空you can choose 7 numbers random.they throw out all of these behaviors (random).(2)单句改错his team conducts randomly surveys constantly.8.gene-therapy is very controversial and many people oppose further research into it.基因治疗是很有争议的，许多人反对对其进行进一步研究。归纳拓展(1)oppose vt.反对oppose doing sth.反对做某事(2)opposed adj.反对的；对立的be opposed to (doing) sth.object to (doing) sth.be against (doing) sth.反对(做)某事语境助记(1)i would oppose changing the law.我将反对改变这项法规。(2)she remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.她仍然强烈反对移居国外。(3)his parents are opposed to the marriage.他父母反对这桩婚事。题组训练(1)单句语法填空she is very much opposed the change of the plan.he opposed (build) a new building in this area，for there are some rare plants near here.(2)句型转换however，some students oppose the idea that english classes are taught only in english.however，some students the idea that english classes are taught only in english.however，some students the idea that english classes are taught only in english.however，some students the idea that english classes are taught only in english.(3)单句改错i am very much opposed to permit him to go alone.9.however，if a generation of sports stars with enhanced genes were created，it would contradict the whole spirit of sport.然而，如果造出一代有强化基因的运动明星，这将有悖于整个运动精神。归纳拓展(1)contradict vt.与(其他事物)相矛盾；反驳contradict oneself自相矛盾(2)contradictory adj.相互矛盾的；完全相反的be contradictory to与相矛盾语境助记(1)what you did contradicted what you said.你的行为与你的言语相矛盾。(2)the speaker had got confused and started contradicting himself/herself.演讲者变糊涂了，说话开始自相矛盾。(3)some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because their brains receive contradictory messages.(2015湖北)一些宇航员在空间站的前几天会感到恶心，因为他们的大脑接收到了相互矛盾的信息。题组训练用contradict的正确形式填空(1)his remark was to the truth.(2)“all evening her husband everything，” she said.(3)dont you think you are yourself?10.the olympic spiritthe spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winninghas been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.人们不惜任何代价来获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。归纳拓展at all costs不管多大代价，不惜一切代价，无论如何at any cost不惜一切代价at the cost of以为代价at a cost of以的价格，花费at cost照原价，按成本语境助记(1)after having taught fifth-grade classes for four years，i decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books.(2015浙江)教了四年五年级之后，我决定不惜一切代价也要消除孩子们对书的恐惧感和厌恶感。(2)we are determined to obtain our rights at any cost.我们决定要不惜一切代价获取我们的权利。(3)we must cherish experience acquired at the cost of our own blood.用我们自己的心血换来的经验我们必须珍惜。(4)the new buildings going up at a cost of $82 million.修建这座新大楼要花费8 200万美元。题组训练(1)用cost的相关短语填空we are determined to defend our motherland .there is no sense developing industry the environment.i had a small room 15 cents per night.i can buy books from this bookstore.(2)单句改错we should promote the project at all cost.经典句式1.these drugs are originally developed to help people with illnesses，but in the wrong hands，they create supreme athletes making them faster and stronger than is normal for human beings.开发这些药物原本是用来帮助病人的，但一旦用于歧途，它们会创造出比常人更快、更强的超级运动员。归纳拓展“make宾语宾补”结构：make宾语注意：如果作宾语补足语的名词表示职务或职称，则该名词前面不加定冠词the。如：they made abraham lincoln president of the united states.他们选亚伯拉罕林肯当美国总统。语境助记(1)he promised he would make her happy.他许诺会让她幸福。(2)she made him a good husband.她使他成了一名好丈夫。(3)will you make yourself known to us in english?请用英语给我们作自我介绍，好吗？题组训练(1)单句语法填空they want to make clear to the public that they are doing an important job.they made me (retell) the story.the boy went out quietly，trying not to make himself (hear).(2)单句改错the position of the classroom with its view made me felt like i was dreaming.(2015浙江)2.in the future，athletes who have their genes changed might be able to do the 100 metres dash in just 8 seconds or the marathon in less than two hours.将来，改变了基因的运动员有可能创下仅在8秒内跑完100米或在不到两小时内跑完马拉松的记录。归纳拓展本句使用了“have sth.done”结构，表示“使某事被做，请/让/叫别人做某事”。其中过去分词done在句中作宾语补足语，表示被动意义。易混辨析have sth.done，have sb./sth.doing，have sb./sth.do结构含义宾语与宾补的关系have sth.done使/让别人做某事；使遭受动宾have sb./sth.doing使/让某人(物)持续地做某事主动have sb./sth.do使/让某人(物)去做某事主动语境助记(1)tom had his leg broken while playing football yesterday.昨天汤姆踢足球时摔断腿了。(2)they dont have women working in this department.他们不允许妇女在这个部门工作。(3)my teacher had me write a short passage.老师让我写了一篇短文。题组训练用所给动词的正确形式填空(1)i wont have you (speak) to your dad like that.(2)mother had me (go) to the shop and (buy) some salt.(3)claire had her luggage (check) an hour before her plane left.难句分析taking these drugs is known as “doping” and although they enhance performance，they also cause serious health problems in later life for those who abuse them.句式分析：taking these drugs在句中作 ；is known as表示“ ”；并列连词and后的句子中含有although引导的 从句和who引导的 从句。自主翻译： .单词拼写1.the i between the posts measures thirty metres.2.i dont know whether i should s seats with the stranger.3.this week，the company mailed out its (年度的) report.4.it took me some time to (领悟) what i had heard.5.children need to complete nine years of (义务的) education in china.6.people who (传播) false news are to blame.7.those who know how to (容忍) others can naturally lead a happy life.8.whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained (有争议的).9.they went to prison because they (违反) the law.10.fresh air is (基础的) to good health.选词填空11.the parents are determined to support their daughters college education .12.they chose some people in the street to give the questionnaires.13.we following his advice，because it is useless.14.most graduates want to go to shanghai to jobs.15.i spent three days putting up a cottage but a storm made it .完成句子16.he had never really (成功) as an actor until he met the famous director.17.the boy (被当场抓住抽烟) in the bedroom yesterday.18.i (找人修了我的自行车) yesterday.19. (点头) is to say “yes”.20.all night long he lay awake， (思考着那个问题).课文语法填空100 metres in 8 seconds?records have fallen in track and field year after year.when talking about breaking records，we have to mention performance-enhancing drugs,21. can create supreme athletes making them faster and stronger but later cause serious health problems for those who abuse 22. .the sports world does not tolerate doping as it is 23. fundamental form of cheating.in 2006，floyd landis，the winner of the tour de france,24. (catch) doping.his lame excuses 25. (blame) medicine he had been taking for an injury were all 26. vain.it is compulsory for winners to be tested 27. other participants are only tested at random.besides doping，gene-therapy，which is used to build muscle and increase strength by changing peoples genes，will be the next big threat.it is very controversial and many people oppose further research into it.28. it were used now，athletes might be able to do the 100 metres dash in just 8 seconds or the marathon in less than two hours，and it would be almost 29. (possible) to find out.that would contradict the whole spirit of sport.the olympic spirit has been violated by the desire 30. (succeed) at all costs.答案精析话题导入1.t2.t3.f4.t基础自测.1.interval2.circulate3.pump4.digest5.swap6.abuse7.tolerate8.fundamental9