扬州介绍(中英互译).doc

全国文明城市 civilized city国家森林城市 ForestCity联合国人居奖城市 HabitatScrollofHonorAward中国人居环境奖 HabitatAward全国法治教育先进城市 legal education advanced city创建文明城市工作先进城市 AdvancedCity国家环境保护模范城市 EnvironmentalProtectionCity国家卫生城市 HygieneCity节水型城市 Water-EfficientCity实施畅通工程模范管理城市 SmoothTrafficModelManagementCity中国数字化创新管理奖 ChinaDigitalInnovationManagementAward全国科技进步先进市 National County and City withAdvance of Science and Technology 国家园林城市 GardenCity中国和谐管理城市Harmonious Management City in China 扬州景点SlenderWestLake （2011-11-14） Slender West Lake, like an ink painting unrolled in right order, wanders on the territory of the city. It is the best time to tour the Slender West Lake in March of lunar calendar. The boat travels in the water and visitors travels in the picture. The drizzle is like silk. The smoke and the water combine to produce a kind of mist. The shine of the wave is very clear like the slender waist of a beauty, delicate and attractive. It is suitable to travel on water when appreciating the slender west lake. The boat is floating with the wave and the visitor can appreciate the scenery carefully, the smoke and wave, red balustrade and small bridge, shadow and scent. The dreamy and brocade-like green and blossom extends to the water of the lake, creating a lifelike picture with the sound of oaring.DamingTemple （2011-11-14） Daming temple: Yangzhou is misty in March. The Daming Temple, located in the middle of scenery spot, slender west Lake in Shugang in the northwest of urban area, is still quite in the busy visitors. Climb on the Qiling Tower to overlook the grandness of Buddha Mountain, beauty of the slender west lake and the vicissitudes of relics of Tangcheng. The panoramic view of grand landscape of Yangzhou in March is seen in a glance.GeGarden （2011-11-14） Ge Garden: the bamboo in the garden is very green. The strong branches extend the vicissitudes of 190 years and form the wandering and green scenery for you. “The mountain is very quiet in spring, and is very green in summer, and is very clear in autumn and is very dim and sleepy in winder”. The four seasons are experienced in the way. We can hardly sigh with the short life and see the “Land of Idyllic Beauty” when lifting our head. Out of the wall made of blue brick and red tile is a different world.HeGarden （2011-11-14） He garden: when you visit the He garden, you need to visit the both the upstairs and downstairs with a zigzag route at the low and high elevation. The 1500-meter double-way corridor is hailed as the rudiment of overpass. The window with flowers as decoration is foiled by the scenery. With the foil of the false mountain, the water and the pond complements with each other. A small town takes the sky light, cloud, birds chips, and flower fragrance in its arms. The romantic time flows out during the finger on the wooden corridor.HanLingYuan （2011-11-14） Han ling Yuan: Yangzhou Han ling Yuan is also called the museum of tomb of Guangling King of Han Dynasty and is one of the important tourist attractions of slender west lake Shugang scenic spot. It is also one bright pearl in the scenic spot. The terrain inside the garden raises and falls. The building is ancient and great. The tree is green and the grass is flourishing. It is the “underground palace” with the largest scale, complicated structure and delicate fabrication.RelicsofTangcheng （2011-11-14） Relics of Tangcheng: located on the southwest corner of the relics of Tangya Town and the old site of palace of Emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty. The historical relic of Tang Dynasty dug in Yangzhou such as chinaware, copper ware, and gold and silver ware are collected in the museum. The exhibition in the museum intrudes the achievement of Cui Zhiyuan who is called the “ancestor of literature of Dongguo” in the form of historical materials, image and introduction to cultural relics and appreciated this friendly emissary from Xinluo. The relics of Tangcheng and Tang-style Bridge, and the Tangcheng-like palace, Tang-style palace building Yanhege enhance each others beauty to manifest the mien of Tang culture.1.东关历史文化旅游街区Dongguan Historical and Cultural Tourist Zone2.东关历史文化旅游街区是扬州5.09平方公里明清古城4个历史街区之一，位于古城东北片，东起古运河、西至国庆路、北至盐阜路、南至文昌中路，占地面积83.4公顷，常住居民一万余人。Dongguan Historical and Cultural Tourist Zone, located in the northeast of the ancient city, is one of the four historical blocks of the ancient Yangzhou in the Ming and Qing Dynasty. It covers an area of 83.4 hectares, ranging from the ancient Grand Canal in the east, to Guoqing Road in the west; from Yanfu Road in the north to Wenchang Middle Road in the south. There are more than 10,000 inhabitants here.3.现有市级以上文物单位18个，重要历史遗迹20多处，历史文化资源十分丰富。Dongguan Historical and Cultural Tourist Zone is endowed with rich historical and cultural resources, including 18 cultural sites above municipal level and more than 20 important historical sites.4.“双东”历史街区见证了历史的沧桑，承载着扬州厚重的文化，通过对“双东”历史街区的保护与整治，古城历史风貌和传统文化进一步彰显。Shuangdong Historical District with profound culture of Yangzhou has witnessed the vicissitudes of this city. By protection and reconstruction, its historical appearance and traditional culture are further demonstrated.5.在这里，既可以领略到众多的园林胜迹、名庭豪园、庵观寺院、古街小巷以及独特的运河风光、市井风情，又可以了解到许多关于民族英雄、文人雅士、艺术名流、封疆大吏、富商巨贾的奇闻轶事，还可以欣赏到扬州的文化艺术、传统工艺和休闲方式等。Here we can appreciate not only various famous historical sites and gardens, grand mansions and temples, ancient streets and lanes, unique scenery of the Grand Canal and customs of this city, but also know a lot of anecdotes of national heroes, refined scholars, artistic figures, high-ranking officials and rich merchants in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Whats more, you can also enjoy the culture and art, traditional technology and leisure modes of Yangzhou.瘦西湖景点 1. Rainbow Bridge stands for Yangzhous fairness. And this is the famous Rainbow Bridge in Yangzhou history. The scene of Rainbow Bridge attracted many liberators and poets discussed national affairs and exchange their poems and articles, which left many precious calligraphies and touching stories. Wang Yuyang in Kang Xi Emperor Period wrote a poem to describe the beauty of bridge. Even Emperor Qianlong made poem to admire the scene of Rainbow Bridge.If we compare Slender West Lake as a fair lady, then it is Rainbow Bridge who reveals her veil; if we compare Slender West Lake as a long drama, it is Rainbow Bridge who pulls open its curtain. Starting with Rainbow Bridge, lets enjoy the scene of “Follows the flowers and willows along the bank, walks all the way from pavilions to the mountain”大虹桥简介 “扬州好，第一是虹桥。扬柳绿齐三尺雨，樱桃红破一声萧，处处驻兰桡。”这里就是扬州历史上赫赫有名的虹桥。虹桥景色优美，曾吸引了众多的文人雅士在此指点江山，切磋诗文，留下了许多珍贵的墨迹和动人的故事。康熙年间王渔洋有一首：“红桥飞跨水当中，一字栏杆九曲红；日午画船桥下过，衣香人应太匆匆。”更是脍炙人口，就连乾隆皇帝也曾做诗赞赏过虹桥的景色。如果把瘦西湖比做是一位古典美人，是虹桥揭开了她的盖头；如果把瘦西湖比做是一部长剧，是虹桥拉开了她的帷幕。就让我们从虹桥开始，领略这“两堤花柳依水，一路楼台直到山”的美景吧2. Introduction of White PagodaLegend has it that Emperor Qianlong traveled to Yangzhou by boat for the sixth time in 1784 and enjoyed the scenery of Wuting Bridge from above the water, but he said regretfully that this place would have been the same as Beihai but for a white pagoda. His casual remark was picked up by the wealthy salt merchants of Yangzhou who spent one hundred thousand taels of silver to buy a map of Beihai white pagoda from the eunuch and made a white pagoda come into being overnight with salt bags piled upon each other. This is the story of making a white pagoda just one night passed down from generation to generation in Yangzhou.The white pagoda stands at 27.5 meters tall and there is a Xumi Base under the pagoda. It is a polyhedron with four corners. On each side of the pagoda there are three niches, inside which there engraved Chinese Zodiac. Unlike the massiveness of the White Pagoda in Beijing, the White Pagoda in Yangzhou is slim and graceful, casting beautiful reflections with the Five-Pavilion Bridge. 白塔简介 相传在 1784 年，乾隆皇帝第六次坐船游览扬州瘦西湖。从水上看到五亭桥一带的景色，不由遗憾的说：“只可惜少了一座白塔，不然这而看起来和北海的琼岛春阴就像极了。”说者无心听者有意，财大气粗的扬州盐商当即花了十万两银子跟太监买来了北海白塔的图样，当晚连夜用白色的盐包堆成了一座白塔。这就是在扬州流传至今的“一夜造塔”的故事。 扬州的白塔高 27.5 米 ，下面是束腰须弥塔座，八面四角，每面三龛，龛内雕刻着十二生肖像。和北海白塔的厚重稳健不同，扬州白塔比例匀称，玉立亭亭。和身边的五亭桥相映成趣。Introduction of “Four Bridges in Mist Rain” Walk through Xus Garden and stands on the small Rainbow Bridge, you will be suddenly enlightened. In the west side, it is the widest scenes of Slender West Lake. And look back to Xus Garden; you will know it is just a prologue. From now on, the veil of Slender West Lake will be uncovered and come to the climax.The platform in the east side is called “Four Bridges in Mist Rain”. Whenever it is raining, you will see the scene of “Four bridges fly across the mist”. Standing in the platform, you could see four bridges with different colors and styles: Spring wave Bridge, Great Rainbow Bridge, Long Spring Bridge, and Lotus Bridge”. In the misty rain, four bridges stand far and close, thick and light, high and low. Emperor Qianlong in Qing Dynasty loved this scene very much, made poems and odes many times and gave his autography “Interesting Garden” 四桥烟雨简介穿过徐园，站到小虹桥上，人回有豁然开朗的感觉。西侧，是瘦西湖最开阔的景区，再回过头看徐园，就知道它只是一道序幕，从现在开始，瘦西湖景区将渐渐拉开，进如高潮了。 东面的一座楼，叫做“四桥烟雨”。每当“山色空蒙雨亦奇”之际，这里领略的景致是“四桥飞跨烟雾里”。站在这座楼上，大家可以看到四座色彩和造型各有不同的春波桥、大虹桥、长春桥、莲花桥。烟雨朦胧中，四座桥有远有近，有浓有淡，有高有低。当年乾隆皇帝十分喜爱这里的景色，多次吟诗作赋，并亲笔御赠“趣园”。 Moon TerraceMoon Terrace is a good place to enjoy the moon. In the moon-lit night, the boby and shadow of the Four Bridges Mist & Rain house at opposite bank of the lake comfort each other while willows are flapping gently. Inside the house, rosewood furniture can be seen everywhere. When the Midautumn Festival comes, osmanthus flowers will be intoxicated by this fragrant and amazing moment sitting quietly on the elegant old-fashioned rosewood armchair, enjoying the full moon.月观简介 扬州是“中国的月亮城”，扬州的月色美，赏月的地方也多，“月观”就是其中之一。“月观”坐西朝东，前临开阔的湖面，每当皓月东升，凭栏而立，天上水中的两个月亮交相辉映，我们就能体会到这“月来满地水，云起一天山”的美妙意境。人们常说“月色如水”，在这里，月光和湖水相溶，云影和山影相连。这副由郑板桥撰写的 对联恰到好处描绘出了月观这独一无二的迷人月夜。 月观中的海梅家具也很有特点，雕刻的内容都和赏月有关。那些莲花、鸳鸯、荷叶，藕节，无不自然生动，是扬州木雕工艺的代表作品。Introduction of 24 BridgeWe have come into The 24 Bridge before knowing it. In Yangzhou peoples mind is made up of sail-hauling plank road, single-hole arch bridge, nine-song bridge and stringed music instrument blowing pavilion. The jade belt shaped arch bridge is 24 meters long and 2.4 meters wide with 24 flights of steps on both sides, surrounded by 24 white jade guard rails and 24 sideboards. There is no certainty until now as to which is the real twenty-four bridge. One might as well cast aside those tedious investigations and have a careful reading of the vagueness of the line in Du Mus poem that pleasure can be sensed but not be expressed in words.二十四桥简介不只不觉中，我们已经进入了二十四桥景区。“二十四桥”出自唐代著名诗人杜牧的诗句“青山隐隐水迢迢，秋尽江南草末凋；二十四桥明月夜，玉人何处教吹萧”。扬州人心目中的二十四桥由落帆栈道、单孔拱桥、九曲桥及吹萧亭组合而成，中间的玉带状拱桥长24米，宽2.4米，桥上下两侧各有24个台阶，围以24根白玉栏杆24块栏板。关于二十四桥到底指那座桥，至今众说纷纭。不如我们丢开那些烦琐的考证，来细细的品味杜牧诗句中那“只可意会，不可言传”的朦胧意境吧。Introduction of Five-Pavilion BridgeIf the Slender West Lake is to be compared with a graceful girl, the Five-Pavilion Bridge is a beautiful belt on her body. The Five-Pavilion Bridge is not only the symbol of the Slender West Lake but that of Yangzhou. Built in the twenty second year since Qianlong succeeded to the throne, it has a history of more than 200 years.On the bridge are five wind pavilions characteristic of southern China. The towering pavilions look like five lotus flowers rising slowly out of the water. There are ceiling decorations within the pavilions and wind-bells hanging outside the pavilions. The piers are made up of twelve huge blue stones forming solid foundations. How can the delicate bridge body and robust foundations match each other in such harmony? The key lies in bridge openings. The body is made up of openings of different sizes and shapes. The intangible arch holes to go with the sturdy foundations and the straight lines to match curvy lines in a smooth and natural proportion achieve a uniform and harmonious visual effect. No wonder the famous Chinese bridge expert Mao Yisheng said that the oldest bridge in China is Zhaozhou Bridge, the most magnificent Lugou Bridge and the most artistically beautiful the Five-Pavilion Bridge of Yangzhou. If passing under the bridge on a boat, one can count fifteen bridge openings interconnected with each other. It is said on a full moon night, each of the fifteen openings has a moon. If one comes to Yangzhou, Chinas moon city, on the night of Mid-autumn festival, he may well have a fabulous taste of its wonderland.Looking to the east on Wuting Bridge, one will find the remote water landscape is a typical scene of South China. On the east of the bridge is a water-surrounded building called Fuzhuang. Built in 1921, it is called as such because Fuzhuang resembles a mallard, pronounced as “Fu” in Chinese. The whole structure is compactly arranged, acting as a perfect foil to Wuting Bridge and the White Pagoda. Thus, it is an indispensable dot on the Slender West Lake.五亭桥简介如果把瘦西湖比做一个婀娜多姿的少女，那么五亭桥就是少女身上那条华美的腰带。五亭桥不但是瘦西湖的标志，也是扬州城的象征。它建于清乾隆二十二年，至今已有了两百多年的历史。 五亭桥上建有极富南方特色的五座风亭，挺拔秀丽的风亭就象五朵冉冉出水的莲花。亭上有宝顶，亭内绘有天花，亭外挂着风铃。五亭桥的桥墩由 12 大块青石砌成，形成厚重有力的“工”字型桥基。清秀的桥身和沉雄的桥基，两者为什么能配置得如此和谐呢？答案就在桥洞。五亭桥的桥身由大小不一形状不同的卷洞组成。空灵的拱顶卷洞配上敦实的桥基，桥基在直线配上桥洞的曲线，加上自然流畅的比例，就取得了和谐统一的视觉效果。难怪中国著名桥梁专家茅以升这样评价：中国最古老的桥是赵州桥，最壮美的桥是芦沟桥，最具艺术美的桥就是扬州的五亭桥。 望江南百调中提到：扬州好，高跨五亭桥，面面清波涵月影，头头空洞过云桡，夜听玉人萧。如果乘船从桥下穿过，我们可以数出五亭桥一共有着 15 个桥洞。这 15 个桥洞，洞洞相连，洞洞相通。扬州画舫录中有这样一段记载：“每当清风月满之时，每洞各衔一月。金色荡漾，众月争辉，莫可名状。”说是每到满月之夜，五亭桥下十五个桥洞中每个洞都含着一个月亮。“天下三分明月夜，二分无赖是扬州。”如果你能在中秋之夜来到扬州这个中国月亮城。说不定就能领略到这十五的月亮十六圆的绝妙奇境。 站在五亭桥上向东看，远处的湖光水色就是一副典型的江南山水图景。而桥东面这座四面环水的建筑，叫做凫庄。凫庄建于 1921 年，因为形状类似浮于水面的野鸭而得名。它的整体建筑紧凑得体，有效地烘托映衬了五亭桥和白塔，成为瘦西湖上不可缺少的一处点缀。凫庄何园 The first garden in the late Qing DynastyHo Family Garden also known as “Jixiao Villa” is the last but best work among the private gardens in Yangzhou. It is the National Cultural Relic Protection Unit and National AAAA class View Area. Along with Yihe Garden in Beijing and Humble Administrators Garden in Suzhou, it is among the first list of National Key Gardens. Ho Garden consists of three parts: the back garden, the residential area, the Pian Shi Shan Fang. In the garden, there are the double-path cloister which contributes to the embryo of worlds flyover, the China longest winding corridor，the only China ancient stage on water，Yuxiu Building within the Chinese building arts and western building arts, as well as the best-deserved Nanmu Hall in largest scale in the south of Yangtze River. Tong Jun, Liu Guozhen, Pan Guxi, Luo Zhewen and Chen Congzhou, Chinese ancient garden experts, praised for Heyuan Gardens unique architectural style and said it “the only copy in gardens of southern Yangtze delta”. Professor Luo Zhewen specially wrote“the Most Important Garden in Late Qing Dynasty ” for Ho Garden. As the development of Yangzhous tourism, Ho Garden will be a must-see place for tourists who travel in Yangzhou.何园，原名寄啸山庄，是扬州私家园林中的压轴之作。全国重点文物保护单位，国家AAAA级旅游景区，并与北京颐和园、苏州拙政园同时被评为首批全国重点园林。何氏家族和中国近代史上几个赫赫有名的大家族关系十分密切：北洋大臣李鸿章、光绪皇帝老师孙家鼐是同乡加儿女亲家，进退与共；与光绪皇帝另一位更有名气的老师翁同龢以及清廷重臣、洋务派代表人物张之洞也有姻亲关系。 何园其建筑特色之冠享有“天下第一廊”美誉的1500米复道回廊构成园林建筑四通八达之利与回环变化之美，在中国园林中绝无仅有，被业内专家称为中国立交桥的雏形；片石山房“天下第一山”，是画坛巨匠石涛和尚叠石的“人间孤本.”。 著名学者余秋雨称在中国造园史上，能让人仰望的就是何园的“片石山房”了。中国当代古建园林专家童寯、刘敦桢、潘谷西、罗哲文、陈从周等都对何园独特的造园手法备加赞誉，称它为“江南园林中的孤例”。罗哲文先生还专门为何园题词“晚清第一园”。走进何园，宛如走进一幅历史人文的旖旎画卷；一位集官僚、盐商、隐者、教育家多重身份的传奇人物，曲折隐秘的心阶历程在此淋漓披露；一个由封建走向开明的世家大族兴衰荣辱的生存活剧在此栩栩上演；一部风云变幻的中国近代史丰富多彩的外传故事在此生动展现个园Located at No. 10, Yanfu East Road, Yangzhou, Geyuan Garden , a key national cultural heritage conservation unit and one of Chinas four famous Parks, is a typical private Park in South China. During the years ruled by Emperor Renzong of Qing Dynasty (1796-1820), Huang Zhiyun ,general salt merchant of the ancient regions to the north and south of Huaihe River , expanded the Shouzhi Park of the Ming Dynasty. Because he was fond of bamboos and their leaves looked like the shape of the Chinese character 个,the park was named as Geyuan Garden. Geyuan Garden is a 4 A state-level tourist attraction and among the top 20 key national park.个园位于扬州古城东北隅，盐阜东路10号，为全国重点文物保护单位，中国四大名园之一，是典型的中国江南私家园林杰出代表。由两淮盐业商总黄至筠于清嘉庆23年（公元1818年）在原明代“寿芝园”的基4础上拓建为住宅园林。因主人爱竹，且竹叶形似“个”字，故名“个园”。个园是国家4A级景区，全国二十家重点公园之一。大明寺 Daming Temple The ancient temple Damingsi(Great Bright Temple) is a brilliant pearl of Yangzhou. Built in the Six Dynasties, it was called Qilingsi(Soul-dwelling-Temple)in the Tang Dynasty and Damingsi in the Song Dynasty. Till the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the early Qing Dynasty,it was named Fajingsi(Law-purifying Temple) inscribed by edici. 古刹大明寺乃扬州璀璨之明珠。始于六朝唐称栖灵，宋曰大名，至前清乾隆“敕题法净寺”。 In 1980.when the statue of the Eminent Monk Jianzhen returned to his homeland from Japan, the name of the temple was changed back to Damingsi. It is the earliest temple opened to the outside world. 1980年，鉴真大和尚像从日本回乡探亲又更名为“大明寺”，现为我国开放最早之寺院。 It combining Buddhism, historcal and cultural sites and garden scenery. It is also a scenic spot well-known across the country. 他集佛教、文物古迹、园林风光于一体，天下闻名之胜地.地理位置Daming Temple is located the Shugang on top of the Yangzhou northwest. It is a Buddha, called temple is also a party to the scenic spots, the composition of the Main Hall, Ping Yuan floor, the hall, the palace garden, Jianzhen Memorial habitat holy stupa, the world fifth spring . 大明寺位于扬州西北郊的蜀冈之上。它既是一座佛教庙宇，也是一方风景名胜，由大雄宝殿、平远楼、平山堂、御园、鉴真纪念堂、栖灵塔、天下第五泉等组成。 Habitat spirit（栖灵塔）When the Sui dynasty, Sui wendi YangJian buddhist, hall of first year (601) his birthday, had a letter in the whole nation builds the case for 30 a Buddha tower, Yangzhou habitat spirit, is one of them.西隋朝时，隋文帝杨坚笃信佛教，仁寿元年（601）他过生日，曾下诏在全国建立三十座供养佛舍利的塔，扬州栖灵塔，便是其中之一JianZhen m