2011考研英语写作高分秘籍 应用文.doc

2011考研英语写作高分秘籍 应用文2011年考研临近，考研教育专家根据2011年考研写作的命题要求，特别整理了写作高分秘籍与大家分享，希望能在最后的时间里帮助大家最大限度的提高写作能力！ 第四篇 应用文 满分策略： 4.1信函写作：个人书信 语域使用：正式使用礼貌表达，不用缩略语（对公） 半正式可以使用缩略和口语表达（对私） 非正式（一般不考）It depends 组成部分：称呼、正文、落款 4.1.1格式：称呼、落款、正文 4.1.2内容 三段（8句）：写作目的段、细化段、感谢或者期待。 4.1.3各种信函内容安排 建议信：2007年及2009年PartA真题及解析： 基本结构和常用句型： Dear 自我介绍，赞扬在先，仍需改进，提出建议。 建议细节 期望改进，表示感谢。 Yours sincerely Li Ming 与投诉信比较：仍然以提建议为主：无需赞扬，直接表明写信目的即提建议：最后无需感谢，只需表示期待改进。 常用句型： I am writing with my suggestion about I would like to suggest that I hope you will find these suggestions helpful I would like to extend my appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration We would like to draw your attention to something you have obviously failed to notice（投诉信） I am writing to express my concern|dissatisfaction|disappointment about（投诉信） To improve the situation ，it is advisable for you to take the following measures（投诉信） We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind （投诉信） 致歉信：2008PartA真题及解析 基本结构和常用句型： Dear 表明写信目的：道歉 阐述道歉原因，并提出解决方法。 再次道歉。 常用句型： I am writing to apologize to you for my failing to Here is my deepest apology for I would like to express my apologies for not being able to I am writing to you with some embarrassment and many apologies. Excuse me for my carelessness in making such a mess I am really sorry for the trouble.Would you mind if I 。？ Would it be convenient for you ？ To make up for the inconvenience caused，I would like to Once again ，I am sorry for any inconvenience caused. 申请信：2006年PartA 真题及解析（申请信） 基本结构和常用句型： Dear 告知信息来源及写信目的 突出重点的自我介绍， 附简历 表示感谢。 Yours sincerely ， Li Ming 常用句型： I learnt from the newspaper that you are wanting an accountant and I would like to apply for the job Sb， suggested me to write to you about the medical physicist position at ABC Med-Instrument Corporation Enclosed is my resume to provide additional information about my undergraduate work. I would appreciate the opportunity to meet with you to discuss further how my qualifications meet the needs of your organization. Thank you for your time and consideration. 辞职信：2005年PartA真题及解析（辞职信）： 基本结构和常用句型： Dear， 写信目的表明要辞职。 给出辞职原因。 感谢栽培并表示抱歉。 Yours sincerely， Li Ming 常用句型： I am sorry to tell you that I decided to quit the job of being a 职业。 I am writing to inform you of my decision： I am going to quit my present job. Please accept my apology. I have been trying in vain to convince myself that the job is interesting. I highly appreciate the invaluable experience and happy days working here. Thank you for your patience ， understanding ， and trust. 询问信：考研英语大纲样题应用文部分（询问信）： 基本结构和常用句型： Dear ， 自我介绍，表明写信目的是咨询某事。 询问细节。 感谢及相关信息。 Your sincerely Li Ming 常用句型： 27.I am writing this letter to inquire about 28.I want to/would like to know 29.I wonder if 30.Would it be possible for you to ？ 31.How should I pay for these books ？by cash or by other means ？ 32.Finally ， if I order these books now， when can I get them ？ How will these books be delivered to my house？ 33.I should be grateful if you could give me an early reply. 邀请信： 基本结构： Dear， 发出邀请。 为何邀请细节。 期望参加。 Yours sincerely， Li Ming 常用句型： We are having a farewell party/a gather together/meeting/seminar in （place） on （date） at （time）。 Would you like to come？（不太正式） It is my honor to inform you that there is an academic meeting in （place） on （date） at （time）。（正式） We would be too glad to invite you as an expert to our school for the inquiry of studying abroad. If you have no other plans for this weekend night， will you do us a favor of going to our party？ 接收邀请与谢绝邀请的表达法：都要表示感谢。 Accept the invitation： Success is the last persistence at the toughest moment.成功是最艰难时刻的坚持。 Thank you very much for your invitation. Its our great pleasure to accept your invitation. Nothing would give us greater pleasure than accepting your kind invitation. Refuse the invitation： Thank you so much for your invitation ， but I have had plans at the time. If you dont mind， lets make an appointment next time when you are available. I regret that I cant make it because of a sudden illness/full schedule/business trip. 范文解析： Dear Professor Wang， It is my honor to inform you that there is a “Culture Festival” held in mu school. Would you like to give us an excellent lecture on Phychology in the auditorium of our campus on sept. 13th at 6：30 P.M.？ Since phychology has caused more and more concerns among the students， and you are an expert in the area， we all expect your acceptance and your wonderful lecture. I very much hope than you will be able to attend and give us a talk in your branch. If you have any question. Please contact me. Look forward to hearing your lecture. Yours sincerely， Li Ming 感谢信： 基本结构 Dear， 表示感谢。 感谢缘由及内心感受。 再次感谢，寄予希望。 常用句型： I sincerely appreciate your kindness and generosity. Thank you ever much for the latest information. Please accept out sincerest thanks for what you have done for us. （heartfelt gratitude） I dont know how to thank you for such generous behavior. It is something that I will cherish for a long time to come. I am now writing to express my great appreciation for the timely help you offered. It was considerate of you to do me a great favor. I wish there were a better word than “thanks” to express my appreciation. Many thanks again for your generous hospitality. Words fail me when I want to express my gratitude to you. 范文解析： Dear Jim， I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude. I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day， when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi. If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid， I fear that the Consequences might have been much more serious. Everynoe agrees that it was your quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome Although nowdays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish， we see very few people practice what they preach. If there were more people like you， this world would be a much nicer place. Yours sincerely， Li Ming 祝贺信： 基本结构： Dear。， 表示祝贺，为之高兴。 祝贺缘由，劳有所获。 寄予期望，取得更大成就。 再次祝贺。 Yours sincerely， Li Ming 常用句型： Congratulations to you no getting the scholarship. I am just as proud as you can be of you and send my sincerest congratulations no your achievement/success/graduation. What wonderful news！I know how happy you must be at the news of your promotion/election. Please accept my heartiest congratulations on your graduation/getting such a good job. I am looking forward to hearing more good news in your studies and research work. 范文解析： Dear Mr.Smith， I was very happy to learn that you have been elected President of the Seotland-China Associatioin and Iwould like， on behalf of the Chinese Peoples Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and in my own name，to express to you our warmest congratulations. I hope that during your tenore of office the relations of friendship and cooperation that already exist between our two organizations will be further developed. Let us join our efforts to make greater contributions to the promotion of mutual understanding and friendship between the peoples of China and Scotland. Yours sincerely， Li Ming 慰问信： 基本结构： Dear， 表示同情， 进行安慰， 鼓励其努力， 在此表示同情，并希望其早日复原。 Yours sincerely， Li Ming 常用句型： I just can not tell you how sorry I was to learn of your unhappy experience/injury/accident/divorce. I felt very sorry indeed when I was informed of your sickness. I wish there were something I could say or do to ease your sense of loss/to soften your grief. I know there were no words that can be a comfort to you now. I hope that you will soon be completely restored to health/get well again. Please dont hesitate to call on me if there is anything I can do now and always. 范文解析： Dear Li Gang， I was really shocked andsaddened to hear of your unhappy experience in the earthquake. There is little that anyone can say or do at a time like this to ease your grief， but I would express my deepest sympathy. In the next day or so you will receive a little package from me. I hope you like it， and that it will be useful ai your present moment.Whats more， please dont hesitate to contact me if there is anything else I can do now and always. I do hope you will soon get well again and be able to come back to school. Be assured of my availability and eagerness to help in any way I can. Yours sincerely， Li Ming 4.2 备忘录/告示类应用文写作（Memorandum/Notice） 基本结构： TO： FROM： SUBJECT： DATE：（month day，year） 正文 签名 模拟题及范文： Directions： You are an active member of the student newspaper. The newspaper is currently looking for journalists for the summer semester. Write a memo that will appear in the newspaper next week describing the position available. Date： August 10，2005 To： All students From： Li Ming 4.3 摘要写作（Abstract） This article focuses on the 。 This thesis discuss/analyzes。 This paper provides an overview of This paper presents up-to-date information on 1、简单概括 2、描写画面内容，两句话描写一幅图。 3、点明中心：重点又是新起点。 This is a very interesting and though-provoking picture.1 as is vividly depicted in the picture ，the goal keeper thought he was too small for the gate and was afraid that he could not keep the ball from entering the gate. But what the player， who was ready to shoot， thought about the goal keeper could not help us thinking the truth of the picture it conveys. In his eyes， the goal keeper was so strong that he had almost covered the whole gate. And little did he have the chance to win.2 obviously， the two players looked at the same thing in a different angle.3 （in different angles） 简单概括 描写画面内容，每幅图分开描述，并递进关系。 点明中心，从不同视角看待同一问题。 2. 现象简介 Today ， advertisements is mounting numbers are appearing on the TV screen . 1 they are not only shown before and after all kinds of programs news， weather forecasts and quiz shows， etc. but even interrupt dramas and movies ，2 and annoy the viewers.3 1、概括介绍 2、细节介绍：怎么个多法儿是节目前后和中间都有 3、带来的后果就是激怒观众。 3.寓意象征 What a vivid and accrate picture it is when describing the meaning of love in the dark. 1 As is shown in the picture ，the love is just like the light in the picture ，which seems insignificant in the sun ，but it certainly shines brighter in the dark.2 in other words ，the darker the place is ，the more precious the light will be.3 love is somewhat the same. It surely means much moer to the man who is in great difficulty than to the one who is in comforts.4 简要评价 对画面的简单描述。（结合love对画面进行分析） 寓意说明，符合题目要求 结论：灯光在越微弱的地方越明亮，爱心在越需要的地方越有价值 Speciesextinction in America. Facing the figures， we can only admit that Americas population growth has had undesirable effect on its wildlife and will still pose a formidable threat to its wildlife resources if sufficient care is not given.3 1、总括介绍了图画内容（运用对比，强调后者） 2、特别好的过渡方式：不是描述胜过描述 3、结论：如果不足以重视，结果不堪设想 4、原因分析 （As far as I am concerned， there are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon.）1 First and foremost， the reasons for this phenomenon are that TV is the most efficient and rapid way of dissemination（传播）information.2 As China develops its highly competitive market economy， manufacturers and sales people（salespersons）need to inform the general public of the latest commodities that are available.3 Furthermore， TV stations use the money that they earn from showing the advertisements to produce more programs. Last but not least， it is necessary to keep consumers informed of the range of （the）products that they may choose from.（原文的过渡出现在下一段） 1、阐述中心，或者引导本段。 2、例举原因 3、对已经提出原因的拓展 However， the tobacco consumption is experiencing a decrease， 1 According to the given figures， the tobacco production in 1994 was 14.364 billion pounds while in 1995 it reduced to 14.2 billion pounds. This is mainly because 2 more and more people have become aware of the harm of smoking to human brings.Many of them resist the addiction to tobacco and advise people around not to smoke. Furthermore， governments of many countries realizing the serious effects of tobacco have taken effective measures to call on people to give up smoking. So I believe a healthy tomorrow of less tobacco will be achieved through efforts of every person.3 1、阐述中心 2、列举原因，this 作过渡词 3、如果减少吸烟人群，可能产生的结果（注意命题的积极倾向，展望未来式很合命题者口味） 5、利弊分析 In the country， on the other hand， one can enjoy the advantages of fresh air and food， and a more relaxed（relaxing）life style. Housing is usually spacious and inexpensive in the country. I and， as for recreation， what could be more relaxing than a stroll down a country lane amid beautiful scenery？ 2 However， there are disadvantages of living in either the city or the country.3 City air tends to be polluted， and the streets are always crowded and noisy. In the country， on the other hand， the lack of stimulating activities can make a person feel bored and isolated.4 1、列举乡村居住的优势 2、对优势的拓展说明 3、过渡说明：劣势开始 4、列举无论城乡居住皆有劣势 6、举例说明 It seems reasonable when people laugh at the cartoon， but it would no longer be laughable when people find similar things taking place in our daily life.1 Recently there is a trend of making promises in various fields of our society. From departments of government to common shopping centers， many businesses who supple products of offer services have made various promises to their customers or service receivers.2 They assert their products to be of good quality or promise to offer excellent service.3 As a matter of fact， many of these businesses claim in the same way that（比较）the hen in the above cartoon promises to lay eggs.4 1、过渡：第一段说到可笑，下面就谈不可笑连接 2、例子：商场、政府的承诺行为 3、拓展：深化承诺行为的细节 4、结论：同母鸡下蛋的承诺一样虚无没有价值 表示性质，代替adj.=of +n.（小作文高分必杀） e.g. helpful=of any help assistant=of any assistance good=of any good harmful=of any harm The following examples will support this point.1 In schools， a unit-exam not only declares the end of the former unit， but also acts as a reminder of the preview work for the next unit. In the business field， what a CEO needs to do at the end of a year is more than review and summarize （review and summarizing）。 It is the time to formulate and effective and efficient development plan for next year.2 Just turn back to the sports ground.（句号结束）although in front of the end there isnt a real startarrowhead， there surely exists an invisible one sprouting（appearing）in every athletes mind， blooming（being）the training strategy of the preparation for next competition.3 1、承上启下 2、举例论证 3、举例的同时说明结论：终点又是新起点，正是这种心态成为下次比赛成功的技巧或策略。 7、判断评论 It is clear that promise is what you claim you can do or you will do， not what you really are or you are expected to be.1 Generally speaking， it is good and sometimes necessary to make commitment to people， but promising what you must or should do can be considered a kind of cheating.2 What the cartoon really aims at is not the funny picture itself but to criticize this popular phenomenon existing in our society.3 1、既点名了本段主题：谈承诺，又是一个定义，起承上启下作用。 2、自己的建议。 3、再次强调“承诺”这一社会现象。 8、问题建议 Child education has become one of the most popular topics discussed not only by educational experts， but also by people in all walks（职业、行业） of life.1 The failure of child education does more harm to the development of our society and our civilization than to the children themselves. Thus， its high time that parents， educators and the government made concerted（共同努力的，同心协力的，conert得来）efforts to put an end to this situation.2（家长，老师和政府应该怎么做） 1、引出本段主题，儿童教育的现状，用婉转的方式表达。 2、本段结论：三方行动 In our life， what we need most is self-insurance and a proper view of challenges before us. 1 Therefore， we should bear in mind that our competitors may not be as terrible（frightening）as expected， and our painstaking efforts will pay off as long as we arm ourselves with courage and confidence.2 Only in this way can we overcome any difficulties and challenges.3 1、从自己角度提出意见 2、具体行动的方法 3、only 表示强调，以及建议的价值。 9、个人选择 All in all， I would say that living in the city is best（better），1 for the convenience the city offers in terms of education and work（job opportunities）；2 after all， one can always spend vacations in the countryand get the best of both.3 1、选择结果 2、选择原因 3、总结 As for me， I have always led a regular life.1 By everyday exercises， I build up a strong body，2 and by reading intensively I learn to acquire a proper attitude toward life.3 1、个人选择或实践 2、选择带来的好的后果 3、拓展 10、现实运用 As we all know， children are the future of our country， Their healthy growth has therefore become a serious concern among many people.1 It should be made clear that too much care is not love. The re