学北师大版必修一Unit 1LifestylesLesson 4City and Country学案（23页） (1).doc

2018学年度北师大版必修一unit 1lifestyleslesson 4city and country学案.重点单词1.nearby adj.附近的2.otherwise adv.否则；另外3.forecast n.预测，预报4.accountant n.会计，会计师account n.账户；账目5.crowded adj.拥挤的crowd v.拥挤 n.人群，一伙人6.sickness n.疾病7.distance n.距离distant adj.远的.核心短语1.have_french_classes上法语课2.far_away_from 远离某地3.be_good_for 对有好处4.late_at_night 深夜5.make_sure 保证6.be free of 没有；摆脱了的7.play with 与一块儿玩8.get the chance 得到机会9.take a weekend break 周末休息10.be fond of 喜欢.经典句式1.thats what_people_call the underground in london.那就是人们所说的伦敦地铁。2.usually，its so_crowded_that i cant find anywhere to sit.通常，地铁很拥挤，很难找到座位。3.im always tired before_i_arrive_at_work.这样每天到办公室前，我就已感到很疲倦。派生1.fore(在前部的，以前的)forecast(投射；分派角色)forecast (预测，预报)2.ness名词后缀sick (adj.生病的)nesssickness n.疾病原文呈现debbie is an accountant in a large company in the centre of london.i need to be in my office by nine oclock so i usually get up at seven oclock.i travel to work on“the tube”.thats what people call the underground in london.it takes about fifty minutes.usually，its so crowded that i cant find anywhere to sit.i just stand.im always tired before i arrive at work.i dont like the underground!i spend all morning checking numbers.lunch is always simple.i often get a sandwich in a nearby sandwich shop or i just have some biscuits and a cup of coffee.then in the afternoon，i return to the paperwork in the office.on monday nights，i have dance classes，and on wednesday nights，i go to the gym.i need to do that because i dont get enough exercise otherwise.on tuesday and thursday nights，i have french classes.i work for a french company so i think studying french will help me in my job.i go to the cinema almost every weekend.sometimes，if the weather forecast is good，my friends and i drive to the countryside for a weekend break.we like to visit nice，quiet places far away from the city and go walking where there are no shops，crowds or the tube.that fresh air is so good for my lungs.i love it.paul lives in a small village in the north of england.i usually get up at four oclock every morning when its still dark.i live and work on the farm so i dont need to travel.after a big breakfast in my house，i walk out of the front door and im already at work.there are many things to do on the farm all day.we dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.we do jobs when they need to be done and that could be early in the morning or late at night.i have cows，sheep，pigs and chickens on my farm.i have to make sure they are free of sickness.i also grow wheat and vegetables so there are many things to look after.in the evening，i like to play with my children.i have two children，a boy and a girl.they are six and eight years old.i also like to study.right now i am studying chinese by distance learning.i am very interested in china and its my dream to see the great wall one day.i love movies.my wife calls me a “movie fanb”.but there isnt a cinema in my village so i dont get the chanceto go very often.i go about twice a year，usually when i go to london with my family.we take a weekend break there when i am not too busy on the farm.my wife loves looking in the clothes shops and i like all the crowds and the noise.i also like to buy a few cigars.unfortunately，my wife isnt as fond of them as i am.my son and daughter love to ride on londons red buses and they especially love to go on the tube！阅读清障accountant /kantnt/ n.会计，会计师by prep.在之前；不迟于tube /tju:b/ n.(英)地铁此处为what引导的表语从句，what在从句中作call的宾语。crowded /kradid/ adj.拥挤的so.that.“如此以至于”引导结果状语从句，在从句中to sit后不用加介词，因为前面的anywhere是地点副词。tired adj.疲劳的spend all morning checking numbers是“spend time(in) doing sth”句型，该句型表示“花费时间做某事”。nearby /nibai/adj.附近的adv.在附近return/rit:n/ v.返回need在此是实义动词，意为“需要”，后接名词、代词或动词不定式。enough /inf/ adj.足够的otherwise /waiz/ adv.否则；另外本句为并列句，并列连词so连接两个并列分句。在第二个分句中studying french will help me in my job是宾语从句，作动词think的宾语，省略了引导词that。sometimes adv.(at times)有时forecast /f:k:st/ n.预报；预测if在此引导条件状语从句。drive to the countryside开车去乡下far away from.远离far away from the city是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰nice，quiet places。crowd /krad/n.人群，一伙人where在此引导地点状语从句。lung /l/ n.肺in the north of 在北部when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词four oclock。on the farm在农场at work在工作；在干活动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰many things。本句包含“the same.that”结构，强调同一事物，其中that引导的定语从句修饰先行词work hours。need to be done(need doing)需要被做when在此引导时间状语从句。late at night 半夜make sure 确保；设法保证make sure后不接动词不定式作宾语，后接名词时需要加介词of。be free of.免受伤害sickness /siknis/ n.疾病they are free of sickness为宾语从句，省略了引导词that，从句中的free of表示“免受的”。动词不定式短语to look after作后置定语，修饰many things。play with.和玩耍right now 就在此刻；立刻，马上right away立刻，马上distance learning 远程学习distance /distns/ n.距离be interested in.对感兴趣it作形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语to see the great wall one day是句子真正的主语。movie fan 影迷chance /t: ns/ n.机会；运气 by chance偶然地动词不定式短语to go very often作后置定语，修饰chance。when在此引导时间状语从句。take a break(take a rest)休息一下love doing(love to do)喜欢做cigar /si:/ n.雪茄烟unfortunately /nf:tntli/ adv.遗憾地；可惜地unfortunatelyit is unfortunate that.not as/so.as.不如那样第一个as是副词，表示“同样地”，第二个as是连词，引导比较状语从句。especially /ispeli/ adv.特别；尤其especiallyin particularparticularly.choose the best answer according to the text.1.from the first paragraphs of the two texts，we can know that_.a.debbie has to get up very early but paul doesnt have tob.debbie is rather tired of the undergroundc.debbie goes to work by car every dayd.paul has to travel far away to work every day2.in the last paragraph of text 2，it can be inferred that_.a.pauls wife does not like moviesb.paul often goes to see the filmc.the life of paul is very convenientd.when pauls children see the tube，they will get very excited3.from the second text，we know that_.a.paul lives in a large village in the north of englandb.it is easy for paul to go to workc.paul is busy but without the stress of lifed.pauls life is very free4.whose life is better，debbies or pauls?a.debbies.b.pauls.c.both.d.different people have different ideas.5.according to the texts，which of the following statements is true?a.they both study french in their free time.b.they both work far away from their home.c.debbie gets up earlier than paul every morning.d.debbie works in the centre of london while paul works in the north of england.答案1.b2.d3.c4.d5.d.fill in the blanks according to the text.titlecity and country nameplacejobmain work1.activitiesdebbielondon2.accountantshe does3.paperwork in the office.having 4.french classes on tuesday and thursday nights.going to the gym on wednesday nights.going to the cinema or 5.driving to the countryside almost every weekend.paul a small village 6.in the north of england7.farmerhe 8.feeds cows，sheep，pigs and chickens on his farm and grows wheat and vegetables.9.playing with the children.studying chinese by distance learning.going to london twice a year to10.take a weekend break.analyze the difficult sentences in the text.1.thats what people call the underground in london.句式分析该句为复合句，句中what引导表语从句，在从句中作宾语。what还可引导主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，这四种从句统称为名词性从句。尝试翻译那是伦敦人对地铁的叫法。2.we like to visit nice，quiet places far away from the city and go walking where there are no shops，crowds or the tube.句式分析尝试翻译我们喜欢去那些远离城市、幽静、风光秀丽的地方，在没有商店、人群、地铁的地方漫步。1.crowded adj.拥挤的，充满的usually，its so crowded that i cant find anywhere to sit.(教材p14)通常，地铁很拥挤，很难找到座位。(1)be crowded with.挤满，拥塞(2)crowd n. 人群；大众；一伙；一堆vt.& vi. 挤；把塞进a crowd of 一群，一堆，许多the crowd 人群crowd (.) into (把)挤进the train was very crowded(crowd)，and we had to stand.火车很挤，我们只好站着。this morning，the ground is crowded with white snow.今天早晨，地上白雪皑皑。i crowded (myself) into the crowd to see the famous star.我挤进人群去看那位明星。语境串记the crowd crowded into the stadium which was crowded with audience.人们挤进体育馆里，里面挤满了观众。2.nearby adj.附近的，邻近的 adv.在附近lunch is always simple.i often get a sandwich in a nearby sandwich shop or i just have some biscuits and a cup of coffee.(教材p14)午饭总是很简单。我常在附近的三明治店买个三明治，或仅仅吃些饼干，喝杯咖啡。(1)nearby修饰名词时，既可作前置定语，又可作后置定语。(2)a nearby hotela hotel nearby附近的旅馆li hua lives in a_nearby_village which is not far from the school.李华住在离学校不远的一个村庄里。most of the students in this school live_nearby.这所学校的大多数学生都住在附近。辨析比较nearby/nearnearbyadj.附近的，邻近的。仅指空间，无比较等级；在句中仅作定语(可前置亦可后置)nearadj.附近的，不久远的。既可指空间，也可指时间，还可指亲情关系，并且有比较级(nearer)和最高级(nearest)；在句中可作表语或定语(仅前置)即学即用选用上述单词填空since that day，no man is so near to him as you.he might easily have been seen by someone who lived nearby.3.otherwise adv.否则，另外；在其他方面，除此之外 conj.否则；不然i need to do that because i dont get enough exercise otherwise.(教材p14) 我需要这样做，否则我就得不到足够的锻炼。(1)conj.& adv.否则，不然(or/or else)通常用于“祈使句otherwise陈述句”句型。go now，otherwise_you_will_miss_the_bus.现在就走，否则你就赶不上公共汽车了。(2)adv.另外，除此之外(可位于句首、句中或句末)she is not very clever，but otherwise_shes_a_nice_girl.她并不非常聪明，但除此以外，她倒是个好姑娘。名师点津otherwise可作含蓄条件句的一个标志词。i was too busy at that time.otherwise，i would have called you.我当时太忙，否则我就给你打电话了。4.forecast n.& v.预测；预报sometimes，if the weather forecast is good，my friends and i drive to the countryside for a weekend break.(教材p14)有时，如果预报天气好的话，我会和朋友们开车去乡下度周末。a weather forecast天气预报forecast从句 预计/预测do you often listen to the_weather_forecast from the local radio station?你经常听当地电台的天气预报吗？we can hardly forecast what the result will be.我们很难预测结果会变成怎样。the weatherman has forecast that it will be fine tomorrow.天气预报员预报明天是晴天。5.distance n.距离；间距right now i am studying chinese by distance learning.(教材p15)现在我正通过远程教育学中文。at a distance隔一段距离；距离稍远一些in the distance 在远处keep ones distance from 避开，不接近keep sb at a distance 对某人保持疏远within/out of distance (of) 在的范围内/离太远，达不到whats_the_distance from new york to beijing?纽约离北京有多远？there stands a high mountain in_the_distance.远处有座高山。his house is within walking distance of the hospital.他家离医院只有几步路。图形助记1.make sure 务必；确信；弄明白 be free of 无的；没有(妨碍的)；远离i have to make sure they are free of sickness.(教材p15)我不得不确保他们没有得病。make sure后通常不接不定式，常接of/about sth或that引导的宾语从句。he said he had done it，but we couldnt make_sure_of it.他说他已经做了，可我们没人能确定。make_sure_(that) you arrive there on time.你务必准时到那里。辨析比较make sure/be suremake sure确定；确保。后跟that引导的从句，通常指“让别人去确定某事”be sure确信；保证。指自己在主观上确保某事如何，可接由that引导的从句语境串记make sure that our television is in good condition.the match of sing！china will be held tonight and i am sure of my idols success.be sure to tell tom about the news who is also very crazy about the match.确保我们的电视机状况良好。今晚将会举行中国好声音的比赛，我确信我的偶像会成功。一定要将这个消息告诉汤姆，他对这个比赛也很着迷。be free of 无的；没有(妨碍的)；远离the surgery went well and finally she was_free_of_pain.手术很顺利，她终于不疼了。be free from摆脱(不好的东西)ensure the wound is_free_from/of_dirt before applying the bandage.上绷带以前要保证伤口不沾染污物。2.be fond of 喜爱(后接名词或动名词) as.as.像/和一样unfortunately，my wife isnt as fond of them as i am.(教材p15)不幸的是，我妻子不和我一样喜欢他们。be fond of 指的是习惯性的爱好，而不是一时的兴致，因此避免使用具体的时间状语。还有 be fond of 一般不用于否定式，可用dont like 等其他形式来代替。i like watching tv and playing football while my brother is fond of collecting stamps and coins.我喜欢看电视和踢足球，而我的兄弟却喜欢集邮和收藏硬币。my parents are_fond_of_inviting their friends to tea.我父母喜欢请他们的朋友喝茶。as.as.像/和一样as.as.表示同级比较，两个as之间通常使用形容词或副词的原级。as.as.的否定形式为not as/so.as.(不如)。as.as.结构还有以下几种常见形式：asadj.a(n)可数名词单数as.asmany可数名词复数as.asmuch不可数名词as.their new house is near to the school，but its not as/so big as their old one.他们的新房子离学校近，但不如旧房子大。i think he is as_nice_a_person_as his father.我认为他是像他父亲一样好的人。we produced ten times as_many_tractors_as the united states.我们生产的拖拉机的数量是美国的10倍。i can carry as_much_paper_as you can.我能和你搬一样多的纸。1.thats what people call the underground in london.(教材p14)那就是人们所说的伦敦地铁。在本句的表语从句中，what为连接代词，在表语从句中充当动词call的宾语补足语。(1)what可引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，它引导名词性从句时可在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。(2)what引导名词性从句时的五种含义归纳：表示“的东西或事情”；表示“的人或样子”；表示“的数量或数目”；表示“的时间”；表示“的地方”。the millionaire has no friends around him because what he cares about most is only money.那位百万富翁身边没有朋友，因为他最在意的东西仅仅是金钱。china is no longer what_she_used_to_be.中国不再是她过去的那个样子了。will you show me what_you_bought for your fathers birthday?你能让我看一下你为你父亲的生日而买的礼物吗？辨析比较that/what在英语中，that与what都可引导名词性从句，两者的区别是：that在引导名词性从句时，that不在从句中作成分，也无具体意思，只起连接作用whatwhat在所引导的名词性从句中作主语、表语、宾语或宾语补足语，并保持原疑问词的意义或表示“的事情(东西等)”即学即用选用上述单词填空what impressed me most was that such a little boy could play the violin so well.令我印象最深的是那么小的男孩儿能把小提琴拉得如此好。2.usually，its so crowded that i cant find anywhere to sit.(教材p14)通常，地铁很拥挤，很难找到座位。(1)so/such.that.意为“如此以至于”，that引导的是结果状语从句。soadj./adv.that.soadj.a/ann.that.somany/much/few/littlen.that.this film is so moving that i want to see it again.这部电影太感人了，我还想再看一遍。(2)such.that.句型的常见形式：sucha/anadj.n.that.suchadj.n.(复数或不可数)that.it was such a cold day that nobody wanted to do anything.it was so cold a day that nobody wanted to do anything.天气很冷，谁都不想做事。they are such_little_children_that they cannot understand what you say.这些孩子很小，他们不理解你说的是什么。(3)当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。such a difficult question was_it that none of us worked it out.这个问题很难，我们都没解出来。名师点津口诀巧记so/such.that.句型中so与such的选用名前such，形/副so；多多少少(many/much/few/little)也用so；little一词特殊记，“小”用such，“少”用so。.单词拼写1.he had to stay at home for another two weeks because of sickness (疾病).2.its hard to forecast (预测) the result of the volleyball match.3.our english teacher asked us to write a formal (正式的) letter to our parents as our homework.4.because of long years smoking，he died from lung (肺) cancer.5.i need to go to the gym because i dont have spare time to do enough exercise otherwise (另外).6.the park is crowded with many people on weekends.7.after the accident，the driver was sent to a nearby hospital at once.8.can you see clearly who the man is from the distance?9.he was an accountant(会计) in the factory before he retired.10.the young man took a seat and lit a cigar(香烟).选词填空far away from，in the north of，be good for，be fond of，make sure1.my little son is lovely and is_fond_of playing practical jokes on me.2.they live in a remote village far_away_from big cities.3.beijing lies in_the_north_of_china and to the north of australia.4.the doctors are right：fish is_good_for you.5.make_sure you have enough time to prepare for the new day ahead.完成句子1.thats what_we_call_a_robot.这就是我们称之为机器人(robot)的东西。2.the little girl is so_beautiful_that_we_all_like_her.这个小姑娘如此漂亮以至于我们都喜欢她。3.he had left before_i_arrived_there.我没有到达那里，他就走了。4.youve made as_many_mistakes_as i have.你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。5.lucy is_fond_of_music while david is interested in painting.露茜喜欢音乐而大卫对画画感兴趣。.单句语法填空1.the office was crowded (crowd)with people complaining about the washing machines.2.her honeymoon seemed a distant(distance) memory.3.i was_supported(support) by him both materially and spiritually.4.mrs.smith is a famous accountant(account) in a big company.5.last week john died of a serious sickness(sick).6.weve only got this small bookcase.will that do?no，what i am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.7.the great wall is such a wellknown tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.8.youre always sure of a warm welcome there.9.it was several weeks before he was completely free of pain.10.these natural parks are very important for preserving many animals，which would otherwise run the risk of becoming extinct.单句改错1.there was such much work to do that everybody got bored.suchso2.that he needs is not money but some understanding.thatwhat3.he has as many money as john does.manymuch4.from the top of the hill we could see the houses at the distance.atin5.the explosions took place in shopping centres as crowd of people were shopping for mothers day.crowdcrowds.课文语法填空debbie is 1.an accountant in a large company in london.she often travels to work by tube.usually，it is so 2.crowded(crowd) that she cant find anywhere to sit.she spends all morning 3.checking(check) numbers.for lunch she often gets a sandwich in a nearby sandwich shop.she often attends dance classes and goes to the gym；otherwise she doesnt get enough exercise.at the weekend she sometimes drives to the countryside with her friends 4.if the weather forecast is good because they can go walking 5.where there are no shops，crowds or the tube.and the fresh air is so good 6.for her lungs.she loves 7.it.paul lives in a small village in the north of england.he lives and works on the farm.there are many things 8.to_do(do) on the farm all day.he works hard to make sure the cows，sheep，pigs and chickens on his farm are free of 9.sickness(sick).in the evening he likes to play with his children.now he 10.is_studying(study) chinese by distance learning.when paul and his family are in london，he likes to buy a few cigars，but his wife loves looking in the clothes shops.阅读理解i was born in venice，one of the most popular tourist attractions in italy，and studied designing at university here.though i have also spent time away，i have always come back because its my home.in venice，there are no roads，only canals，so you have to get around on foot or by boat.i live on a canal in the rialto area in a house that was built in 1588 for the muti family，who were businessmen in the silk trade.in the mideighteenth century，it was home to the vezzi family，who made things like