翻译心得范文.doc

翻译心得范文 Gains fromTranslation Practice摘要本文作者选取了王军元和王静的刊论论报纸广告和知识产权保护和青年社会杂志的一篇社论文“Tank TopAre Okbut IDont Wantto SeeThe Thong”:GirlsEngagement WithSecondary SchoolDress Codes作为中英文翻译的材料。 通过这次翻译实践，作者切身了解到了许多翻译实践中需要注意的问题，比如注意区分英语和汉语之间的差异，并在具体的翻译中体现出这种差异；在翻译的时候要尽量开阔思路，避免使自己的取词局限；依据原文的气氛和行文节奏安排译文；将翻译作为一个整体变换的过程，而不仅仅是词句的平移转换。 作者也学到了翻译材料设计的一些知识，比如法律，广告，着装规范以及一些设问问题。 并提出了一些如何如提高翻译技巧的建议，如平日里要注意积累，对同一场景中英汉的不同表达方式进行雕琢。 作者还提出了自己解决一些翻译具体问题的方法。 而在传统的翻译标准上，好的翻译必须做到“信”、“达”、“雅”，即准确、通顺、优雅，那么运用合理的翻译技巧和翻译方法就显得格外重要。 其核心的方法还是以直译翻译法和意译翻译法为主，其间通过转换，异化与归化，增译、简译、省略以及句子拆分等方法和策略，在上下文的紧密衔接的基础上对词与句进行翻译。 将翻译心得和翻译实践整体的翻译是一次真正意义上的理论结合实际的契机，它不仅要求对理论知识有认识性的把握，同时要灵活运用这些方法技巧，合理地进行全篇翻译。 Abstract Theauthor chosethe dissertationNewspaper advertisementand intellectual property ofWang Junyuanand WangJing forthe Chinesematerial and the dissertation“Tank TopAre Okbut IDont Wantto SeeThe Thong”:GirlsEngagement WithSecondary SchoolDress Codespublished in the journalof Youth&Society forthe Englishmaterial formy translation practice.Through this translationpractice,the authorgot to know a lot of actual problemsthat needto notice,for example,paying attentionto thedifference betweenChinese andEnglish,broadening mymind duringthe processof translation and avoidbeing limitedin the usage ofwords;dealing with the plicatedlong sentence,also learnmany relatedknowledge of the materialcontent,which involvedin thethe law,advertisement,dress codes,and somesocial hottopic，and putforward somemethods tosettle problems.In thetraditional translationstandards,a good translation mustsatisfy thethree standardsxin,da,ya,namely,faithfulness,expressiveness andelegance,therefore reasonableuse of translation skills and methodsoftranslation is ofgreat importance.The coremethods arestill mainlyliteral translation and free translation method.Free translation is easy to use,but the latter issomewhat difficult,where weuse sometranslation methods and strategies,such asconversion,foreignization anddomestication,amplification,simplification,ellipsis and sentence divisioc,to translate the words and sentencesbased onthe closelyrelated context.The translation,as awhole oftranslation gainsand translationpractice,is actuallya goodopportunity forbining thetheory with the practice,which notonly requiresof grasping the understandingof theoreticalknowledge incognitive way,but alsocarrying outa totaltranslation properlywith theflexible useof thosetranslation knowledgeand skills.1.Introduction1.1Description of the ChineseMaterial forTranslation Thedissertation OnIntellectual PropertyRight ofNewspaper advertisementsis mainlyabout therelationship betweenthe activitiesof newspaper advertising andthe intellectual property rightprotection,the problemsof theintellectualpropertyprotection,andthestrategy ofit,it involvedin laws,advertisement mediaand someeconomy knowledge,so,I mustread alot ofrelated booksbefore I translated it.Differ from the literaturetext,dissertation isobjective,concise,aurate,with litterrhetorical skills.1.2Description of the EnglishMaterial forTranslation“Tank TopAre Okbut IDont Wantto SeeThe Thong:GirlsEngagement WithSecondary SchoolDress Codesis anarticle of newspaper editorial.Its involvedin dresscodes,patriarchy,femininity,linguistics whichrelated tothe sociology.it waspublished onYouth&Societyxx.It talkabut ifthe dresscoeds arenecessary andrelated problem.The original language isstandard butnot tooformal,Some conversationadds theinterest,which requireme tounderstand emotionof thespeaker.2.Translation Strategiesand SkillsAs we know,there aretwo basictranslation methods,that isto say,literal translationand free translation method.Literal translationis atranslation methodto translatedirectly withoutany modification,which is asked notto alertthe figures of speechbut toretain the original structures,ideological content,style andforms of sentences.While free translationisdifferent fromthat.Though theyhave somethingin mon,such asthe similarityof retainmentof originalfiguresofspeech,sentence structures,andsentenceform,thelatterstresses thesmoothness andthe municativeeffect oftranslated version,regardless of the conversionof structureand pattern.For thefree translation,we usuallyuse thefollowing translation methodsandstrategies asassistance,like conversion,foreignization translation,domestication,amplification,simplification,and extension.Let memake it clearer withsome detailedexamples.2.1Tanslation StrategiesCombination ofliteral translationand freetranslation Example:E.Although discussionsof codes addressing appropriate dress often began with such critique of thecodes and their inconsistent enforcement.At the beginning,I usedthe literal translationmethod,the targetsentence isthat“虽然关于适当的着装规范的讨论通常源于着装规范的法规时常被评论，而且并未得到实施”。 Despite the translation describedit,but didnot aordwiththeChinese expressinghabit,so Irevised andmodified it into:”虽然关于着装规范的讨论总是以对这些规范及其在实施过程中前后矛盾的批判开始”.obviously,in mostcases,we haveto bihe literaltranslationandfreetranslationmethod whentranslating.Some Englishwords in theoriginalsentence cannotbeen translatedstraightly,like the word“address”,which means”在写姓名地址；讲演；处理；称呼”when itused asa verb,but in the sentence“discussion ofcodesaddressingappropriatedressoftenbeganwithsuchcritiqueof the coedsandtheirinconsistentenforcement“,we cansee thatall the meaning is not appropriate,we needto usefreetranslation.the similarwordsandphrases like“regulation”,”frame”,”be intendedto”,“slag asother”,“slag aseveryone”,“temporary”,etc.also cannot reallytranslated onlyby literaltranslation.Example1:E.as wellas embracingthe language oftherules,the girlsfrequently embracedtheir sentiment.C.女孩们既遵循规范，也经常放纵自己的情绪。 the“embrace”means“包括；包含；接受；信奉”,none ofthese canexpress thereal meaning,so withmy understandofthe sentence,the first“embrace”means“拥护,遵循”；the second“embrace”means“放任，放纵”.Example2:E.if you are walkingaround witha tank top thatjust coversyour boobs.C.如果你只穿了一件刚好只遮住你胸部的背心到处走。 “Tankmeans“罐子”，”a tanktop”means“灌顶”,thistranslationused in this casesentence isconfusing,who willtake atanktop(一个灌顶)cover herboobs?and thenI tryto contactthe relateddress toguess itsreal meaning,I think“背心”is appropriate.2.2Translation Skill2.2.1Restructuring Comparedwith English,Chinese sentencesare short,fragmented,word orderis relativelyfixed,we shouldpay attentionto binationofsentences,word orderadjustment.Chinese sentencefrom heavyto light,from strongto weak,the importantcontent in the firstplace.Example:C.自1998年五月金正状告摩托罗拉的首例报纸广告创意知识产权案开庭后，有关报纸广告活动中的知识产权纠纷层出不穷。 E.The disputeof intellectualproperty emergein endlesslyin therelative activitiesofnewspaperadvertising,since the first caseabout theoriginality intellectualproperty ofnewspaperadvertisingsince thecase JingZhengzhuang suedthe MOTOROLAin May1998was calledin court.With differentmodels ofthinking,there arealot of differentsequences incustomary wordbinations andsentence arrangement,I usedmany nominalclauses,attributive clausesan adverbialclauses ifnecessary inmy translation.This restructuringmethod althoughused inthewordbinations.Example2:E.how theirregulation ofthe other girlsdress inpart reflectstheir owngendered self-creation.At first,I translated“gendered self-creationinto“性别的自我创造”，later,I foundit isdifficult tounderstand,aording tothe context,I translateditinto“自我性别定位”，which iseasytounderstand.In dealwiththetwo words,I usedthe translatingskill ofrestructuring.2.2.2Conversion Inmy translationboth fromEnglish toChinese andChinese toEnglish,there aremany exampleof conversionin English-Chinese includingadjectives convertedadverbs,nouns andverbs converted into adverbs,adverbs convertedinto adjectives,etc.Example:E.This gesturetoward girlspositive self-determination isbrief.“brief”intheoriginal Englishis anadjective,but inthe targetChinese,it wasconvertedintoan adverb.2.2.3Amplification Agoodtranslation,generally speaking,is abit longerthan theoriginal primarilybecause atranslator mustfaith fullyturn theobvious formoftheoriginallanguageinto thetarget language,and atthe sametime,he mustconvey whatis impliedintheoriginal cultureand historyinthetarget language.E.though the languageof self-respect,school participatedirectly inthe productionof bothgendered andsexualized identities.C1.通过自尊语言，学校直接参与性别和性征身份的形成的调查。 C2.通过使用自尊语言，学校直接创造了性别认同观。 Obviously,I cannot use the literaltranslation likeC1,which isconfusing,so inthis circumstances,I mustuse thefreetranslation,and Ialso usedthetranslationskill ofamplification,added thehidden word“use”before“thelanguageofself-respect”.E.It isnot intendedto suggestthat thesegirls passivelyreproduce apatriarchal framework.C.但这无意暗示女孩们要顺从父权制，屈于男性。 If weuse theliteraltranslation,”reproduce apatriarchal framework”means“再现父权制脚本”。 In orderto makethe abstractconcept clear,I supplysome words“屈于男性”.2.2.4Omission Whennecessary,we alsodelete therepeated subjector otherparts ofthesentence and addthe necessarypronoun,article andconjunction tosimplify thesentence inChinese-English translation.For example,the subject“newspaper ads”and“intellectualpropertyalmost existin everysentence,we justneed thedifferent elementsand replacethem withpronouns orusetherelate clause.2.2.5Other skillsof dealingwords Example1:E:Girls dressprovocatively orenjoy thefreedom,challenge,and individuality.C.当女孩们穿着招摇或者渴望自由、热爱挑战、追求个性.One word“enjoy”connect threedifferent words.in orderto meetthe needof Chineserhythm,and inaordance withthe requirementof Chinesecollocation,I translatedthe“enjoy”into“渴望”,”热爱”and“追求”.Example2:E.This distinctionis achallenge becauseit isconstantly influx,based onspecific contexts,changing fashions,girlsown changingages,and definitionsof tastethat varyby cultureand class.C.这是一大难题，因为随着场景不断切换、潮流不断变化、女孩不断成长、年级和文化内涵相异，界定标准也不断重塑。 2.2.6Deal withthe long sentenceandplicated sentence.For longsentences,we alwaysface asentence with20or morewords whichitself isso plexboth inprogrammer andstructure.So wemust analyzethe whole sentence bydividing the sentences toseveral parts,catching themain andabandoning thesubordinate.Only seeingfromthewholesentence,related tothe contextclosely,thesentencescan beprecisely translated.Itranslatethe longsentence obeythe fivesteps.Example1:E:Feminine adolescenceis aset ofdiscourses onself-monitoringon analyzing yourself in relation to othergirlsto identifyand verifythe kind ofa girl youare andyour relations to dominant models for women and femininity.C:女性的青春期是通过比较分析自身与其她女性、进行自我定位以及比较自身与女性典范的一系列自我鉴定过程。 Firstly,I presentedthe longsentence ina skeletonform bygraspingthemajor structureofthe longsentence,the skeletonmay bedraw asfollows:“Feminine adolescenceisaset ofdiscourses onself-monitoring.”Then,I diviedthe clauseas threelevels:1.analyzingyourselfinrelationtoothergirls2.Identify andverity thekindofagirlyouare3.Identify andverity yourrelationstodominantmodelsforwomenandfemininity.And thenI enteringonatentative translationof eachsentence,the finaltranslationi