英语四级考试翻译专项练习.doc

英语四级考试翻译专项练习(1)1.That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle_( 这是我们应当牢记的一条原则 )2. _ (除了以身作则) , there s no better way to teach children.3. The more things a man is ashamed of, _ (他就越受人尊敬) .4. True wisdom consists not only in seeing what is before your eyes, _ (而且在于预见将来的事情) .5. Not until people can completely trust you _ (你才能对他们产生积极的影响) .6. If you cant think up a new idea, try finding _. (一个方法更好的利用老的观点)7. _(为战争做好准备)is one of the most effectual means of preserving peace.8._ (如果全面考虑), work is less boring than amusing oneself.9. They thought it a pity _(没有邀请她).10. Your character will have been completed _(当生命走到尽头时).11. The boss would be angry_ (假如老板发现你经常在办公室打私人长途电话).12. The journey took three days_ (比我们原先所预计的多用了)。13. The old and young should be_ (尊重和照顾)。14. (我为这些话所深深感动) _I used them later for a Christmas card.15. (这就全看) _whether you support me.翻译解析：1. we should always keep in mind2. Apart from setting a good example3. the more respectable he is.4. but also in foreseeing what is to come5. will you be able to positively influence them.6. a way to make better use of an old idea./an old one7. To be prepared for war8. Everything considered9. not to have invited her10. the time your life comes to an end.11. if he should discover you often make personal long distance calls in the office.12. longer than we had expected13. respected and taken care of14. I was so impressed by these words that15. It all depends on英语四级考试翻译专项练习(2)1: The truck driver is _(对这起交通事故负全责).2:In the court, the defendant _(声称自己是清白的).3:Unemployed, John _(几乎无法维持生计).4:_(中国政府声明任何情况下都不首先) use nuclear weapons.5:_(要想他人尊重你),you should learn to respect them first.6: _( 我刚刚到家 ) than the telephone rang.7:The old man regretted _( 一事无成 ) in his life.8:_( 他五十多岁 ), but he looks younger than his age.9:Many big cities in the world _( 正面临淡水资源短缺 ).10:He said nothing, leaving me _ ( 对他的计划毫不知情 ).11: He clenched his teeth to ensure _ (事故中遭受的伤口的疼痛).12: Id rather read books in the library _( 也不愿上课 ).13:Our aim is to _( 全心全意为人民服务 ).14:Id like to _( 借此机会 ) to express my heartfelt thanks for your help.15:The court ruling _( 剥夺了他的政治权利 ).翻译解析：1. responsible for the traffic accident.2. claims himself innocent3. nearly couldnt live on himself4. Chinese Government declares that under no circumstance will China first5. If you want to be respected by others6. No sooner did I get home7. being nowhere8. He is more than fifty years old9. are facing the problem of lack of water resource10. having no idea about his plan11. ensure the pain of the wound suffered from the accident12. than go to lessons13. serve the people wholeheartedly/heart and soul14. take this opportunity15. has deprived his political rights英语四级考试翻译专项练习(3)1. We _ (有权进入) the library only in the afternoon.2. (我们都很同情) _the husband who was bereaved of his beloved wife.3. (如果我有钱了) _, I would like to cruise in the Southern Pacific for six months in a private yacht.4. The soldiers are very exhausted _ (由于没有休息一直向前走) in a blizzard.5. No one likes _ (被当作) a poltroon.6. I dont want to _ (冒险去尝试) this.7. He pronounced not clearly but dont _ (妨碍) understanding.8. Guangdong might _ (征税) extra housing owners9. We are prepared to _ (采取武力) if negotiation failed.10. (除了大约半小时) _ for lunch I am here all day.11. He doesnt seem to _ (意识到) the coldness of their attitude towards his appeal.12. The great majority _ (赞成) Golden Week holidays.13. Car drivers must _ (遵守) the rules of driving.14._ (相比较) the two companies, we see two different points of views.15. could you _ (照看) my child?翻译解析：1. have access to2. We all sympathized with3. If I were rich4. for they have advanced forward without rest5. to be regarded as6. take the risk (of) trying7. interfere with8. impose tax on9. resort to force10. But for a half hour or so11. be aware of(=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)12. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right)13. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to)14. By comparison of15. keep an eye on英语四级考试翻译专项练习(4)1.The population density per square mile in the United States is twenty-two people,_ (而加拿大是2人).2. The computer being a useful tool in serving the people, we should do our best _ (掌握计算机科学).3. Thompson had a hard time _ (适应气候风俗)in the new country.4. It was a small country house but it was large _ (根据城市的标准).5. You _ (不必写这么长的文章);our teacher only asked for 300 words, and you have written 400!参考答案：1while that in Canada is two2to have a good command/ mastery of the computer science3 getting used to the climate and customs / adapting himself to the climate and customs4by urban standards5neednt have written such a long essay英语四级考试翻译专项练习(5)1. The new models of Chuanlan air-conditioners _ (以每天50台的速度出厂).2. On no account should any money be given to a small child _ (一点也不知道其价值的).3. Come what may, you can always _ (指望得到我们的帮助和支持).4. The girl would have fallen into the lake and got drowned but that _ (她男朋友及时抓住了她).5. At the party the guests were asked to _ (自己想吃什么就吃什么).参考答案：1are turned out at the rate/ pace of fifty a day2who has not the slightest idea of its worth3rely/count on us for help and support4he boyfriend had caught her in time5help themselves to whatever food appealed to them /they like英语四级考试翻译专项练习(6)1. _ (为了维护健康)，there are at least three things we can do every day.2. _(他大概知道他要做什么)，but nothing specific.3. We need to live a regular life. That is，_(我们要早睡早起，戒除烟酒).4. Could you _(给我介绍一本关于物理方面的好书)?5. In addition, we should not _(忽视每个人都想要一个温馨祥和的社会).答案与解析:1. To keep healthy本句意为：为了维护健康，我们每天至少可做三件事。英文里不能将两个或两个以上的简单句糅杂在一句话中。句子需填入部分在全句里充当的成分是目的状语。维护健康是未来要去做的事情，是努力的方向，应说成To keep healthy，也可以用In order to keep healthy来表示目的。2. He has some vague ideas about what to do他大概知道他要做什么言下之意是：他其实并不清楚要做什么。于是有考生会误译成He has some unclear ideas about what to do. 本题考查选词。unclear是指句意、字迹不清楚，使人难以看懂、不能肯定的。而由nothing specific可知，他的想法很多，很混乱，不能形成一个确定的、清晰的计划。所以用vague更准确。vague是指含混不清的，多用于比喻意义，用来表示因逻辑关系不清，言辞笼统而导致的意义不清楚。如：a vague idea(模糊的想法);He was a little vague when I asked what had happened.(我问他出了什么事时，他一无所知。)3. we keep good hours and restrain smoking and drinking早睡早起不能按照字面直译成sleep and get up early。这样的翻译就Chinglish了，老外理解不了。我们需要运用意译法。早睡早起的含义就是要有一个合理、规则的作息时间，英文说成keep good hours。另外表示戒除的词有：restrain，refrain，stop等。refrain是一个不及物动词，后面不能直接加上宾语 smoking?and drinking，必须用及物动词短语refrain from来表示，当然也可以选择restrain或stop或deny oneself to。4. recommend me a good book on Physics这里的介绍不能照着字面理解翻译成常见的introduce。作介绍讲时是用于人们相遇时进行的介绍;引见;使互相认识。这句话中的介绍是要请别人给推荐一本书，因此要选用recommend作为介绍的对应词。同样，翻译他向我们介绍了一些教学经验这句话时，也不能使用 introduce。应该译作He told us something about his experience in teaching. 考生要注意，汉译英是一定要首先理解汉语的实际语义，才能避免英语选词错误。5. neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society本题考点有：ignore与neglect的辨析，宾语从句的运用和形容词温馨的表达。ignore也有忽视的意思，但它是指故意忽略某人的存在，不予理睬。如：I tried to tell her but she ignored me.(我打算告诉她，可是她不理睬我。)She saw him coming but she ignored him.(她看见他走过来，但装作没看到他。)neglect强调疏忽、忽略某个事实，如：neglect their warnings(不顾他们的警告)。本句从含义上讲用neglect更贴切。原句需填补部分是一个从句，neglect可以加that再加从句。 warm有温暖、激烈、热烈、兴奋的意思，但表达温馨不合适;而friendly除了表示友好的、友谊的，也可以指气氛温馨。英语四级考试翻译专项练习(7)1. We need not only be under various external pressures, but also _ (也要面对内心的困惑).2. Would you _(愿意来参加我们的晚会)on Friday?3. After the operation， _(他的身体很健康).4.- Will you be going back home for the Spring Festival- _ _(当然啦).5. _(我只发现了几个错误)in your composition.答案与解析:1. to be in the face of the internal perplexities本句意为：我们不仅要承受种种外界压力，还要面对内心的困惑。这句话考查的是not only.but also的结构。该结构的前后部分应该保持一致，前半部分用的是not only to，后半部分就应该是but also to。另外，前半句用了under pressure来表达承受压力，后半句最好也用一个介词短语来表达面对困惑之意，与前文相呼应。我们知道，face既可以用作动词也可以用作名词，in the case of意为面对，面临。其实全句有三处相对应出现的词或表达，他们是：not only to & but also to;be under & be in the face of;external pressures & internal perplexities。英语里比较注重这种并行结构。2. come to our evening party考查参加的表达。Join往往是指参加俱乐部或者协会，如：join a health club;join the Communist Party，或者用join sb表示参加到某人的活动中来。事实上，常常与party搭配的动词是come或者go。如go to a wild party，或come to a Christmas Party。参加的另外一些用法有：参加会议(attend the meeting);参加某项活动(take part in the activity);参加考试(take/ sit /do the examination);参加礼拜(attend worship);参加社会活动(get about social activities)。3. he is in good health/hes healthy本题看似简单，实际在考查汉英表达习惯差异问题。他的身体很健康是一句典型的汉语表达，然而英语里表示某人身体好的时候不用身体作主语，直接用某人作主语。如果译成his body is healthy就可谓多此一举了。身体健康还可以用to be in good condition。4. Sure/ Certainly本题也是一道考查汉英表达差异的题。很多考生不假思索地译成Of course。其实，以英语为母语的人使用of course的频率要比中国的考生低得多，只有在回答一些总所周知的问题或表示反语口吻时才说of course。因为of course后面隐含一句话是当然我知道啦!难道我是一个傻瓜吗?因此，of course带有挑衅的意味，语气很不友好。在使用方面，sure或certainly语气会婉转很多。同时of course not也具挑衅的意味。正常情况下的说法是certainly not。5. I found a few mistakesfew和little意为几乎没有，a few和a little意为还有一些，有几个。但若在a few和a little加上only，意思就变了。即only a few=few，而only a little=little。如：I can have only a little more.(我几乎不能再吃了。)She made only a few mistakes.(她几乎全对。)因此，如果译成I found only a few mistakes，意思就恰恰相反，你的作文我几乎没发现错误。这道题说明在汉译英时不能完全对应汉字翻译，而要考虑英语使用习惯和词语搭配。英语四级考试翻译专项练习(8)1. We need not only be under various external pressures, but also _ (也要面对内心的困惑).2. Would you _(愿意来参加我们的晚会)on Friday?3. After the operation， _(他的身体很健康).4.- Will you be going back home for the Spring Festival?- _(当然啦).5. _(我只发现了几个错误)in your composition.答案与解析:1. to be in the face of the internal perplexities本句意为：我们不仅要承受种种外界压力，还要面对内心的困惑。这句话考查的是not only.but also的结构。该结构的前后部分应该保持一致，前半部分用的是not only to，后半部分就应该是but also to。另外，前半句用了under pressure来表达承受压力，后半句最好也用一个介词短语来表达面对困惑之意，与前文相呼应。我们知道，face既可以用作动词也可以用作名词，in the case of意为面对，面临。其实全句有三处相对应出现的词或表达，他们是：not only to & but also to;be under & be in the face of;external pressures & internal perplexities。英语里比较注重这种并行结构。2. come to our evening party考查参加的表达。Join往往是指参加俱乐部或者协会，如：join a health club;join the Communist Party，或者用join sb表示参加到某人的活动中来。事实上，常常与party搭配的动词是come或者go。如go to a wild party，或come to a Christmas Party。参加的另外一些用法有：参加会议(attend the meeting);参加某项活动(take part in the activity);参加考试(take/ sit /do the examination);参加礼拜(attend worship);参加社会活动(get about social activities)。3. he is in good health/hes healthy本题看似简单，实际在考查汉英表达习惯差异问题。他的身体很健康是一句典型的汉语表达，然而英语里表示某人身体好的时候不用身体作主语，直接用某人作主语。如果译成his body is healthy就可谓多此一举了。身体健康还可以用to be in good condition。4. Sure/ Certainly本题也是一道考查汉英表达差异的题。很多考生不假思索地译成Of course。其实，以英语为母语的人使用of course的频率要比中国的考生低得多，只有在回答一些总所周知的问题或表示反语口吻时才说of course。因为of course后面隐含一句话是当然我知道啦!难道我是一个傻瓜吗?因此，of course带有挑衅的意味，语气很不友好。在使用方面，sure或certainly语气会婉转很多。同时of course not也具挑衅的意味。正常情况下的说法是certainly not。5. I found a few mistakesfew和little意为几乎没有，a few和a little意为还有一些，有几个。但若在a few和a little加上only，意思就变了。即only a few=few，而only a little=little。如：I can have only a little more.(我几乎不能再吃了。)She made only a few mistakes.(她几乎全对。)因此，如果译成I found only a few mistakes，意思就恰恰相反，你的作文我几乎没发现错误。这道题说明在汉译英时不能完全对应汉字翻译，而要考虑英语使用习惯和词语搭配。英语四级考试翻译专项练习(9)1. Though a skilled worker, _( 他被公司解雇了 ) last week because of the economic crisis.2. He was disabled from birth, but he never felt frustrated, _( 也从未屈服于任何困难 ).3. The little boy next door has been beating his drum for a whole morning, which got on my nerves so much _( 以至于我无法集中注意力学习 ).4. The scientist tried to convince us that a tiger would not attack us _( 除非它走途无路 ).5. The nation s population continues to rise _ ( 以每年 1200 万人的速度 )6.(如果你设法与Smith先生取得联系)_the problem will be solved easily because he is an expert in this field.7. The problem lies in how people look at those students _(专心追求知识的).8. On Childrens Day, kids _(有资格免费进入) to all the city parks.9. The restaurant next door serves good food, but the one across the street is much better _(就服务而言).10._(每当天气不好时), he takes whatever umbrella he can find.11. Animal experiments will continue to be necessary to resolve existing medical problems _( 尽管一些人公开反对 ).12. Professor Clark is a bit strict with us, _( 但我们确实从他那里学到了很多 ).13. The more you explain, _( 我愈糊涂 ).14. He has done so much for the poor in his community that _( 再怎么赞扬他都不过分 ).15. Since my childhood I have found that _( 没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力 )翻译解析：1. he was dismissed/fired/sacked超级单词主要考察解雇的表达方法。Dismiss解职、开除;fire解雇;sack解雇、洗劫。2. and never yielded to any difficulties as well超级短语yield to屈服，让步。3. that I have no way to concentrate on my study超级短语concentrate on+sth./doing sth.全神贯注地做某事。4. unless its cornered超级单词unless除非，如果不;corner名词作角落、绝路，作为及物动词时表示无路可走.5. at a speed of 12 million per year超级短语at a speed of (以的速度);其二是数字1200万人的表达，也就是12个百万12 million 而million后面加上多余的复数s则是很多同学容易出现的错误。6. If you manage to get in touch with Mr Smith超级短语manage to do表示成功地做成某事，不成功不可以用。7. who are knowledge-oriented/absorbed in acquiring knowledge超级单词sth.-oriented追求，orient n.东方adj.东方的，上升的vi.向东 vt.使适应、确定方向。oriented导向的，其实这里可以很多种译法。8. are entitled to free admissions超级单词be entitled to do sth. 对享有权利, 值得; 有(做某事)的资格权利9. as far as the service is concerned超级单词so/as far asbe concerned就而言，concerned用作形容词解作有关的时，是后置定语，大都放在它所修饰的名词之后。10. whenever the weather is bad超级单词whenever无论何时, 随时n.只要，11. even though some people object to/are against it openly超级短语object to/be against反对12. but we do learn a lot from him超级单词do放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气。13. the more I am confused超级句型the more, the more句型常表示越就越,是一个复合句,其中前面的句子是状语从句,后面的句子是主句。the用在形容词或副词的比较级前,more代表形容词或副词的比较级。14. you cant praise him enough超级句型用在主语+cannot+enough句型中该句型形式上是否定句型，实际上表达的是肯定意义，意思是再也不过分;越越.15. nothing is more attractive to me than reading超级短语Nothing is morethan和Nothing is soas都具有最高级比较的意思，指没有比更.英语四级考试翻译专项练习(10)1.(这个计划成功的关键) _is good planning.2. The specific use of leisure_(每一人都不同)3. The ship s generator broke down and the pumps_( 不得不用手工操作 ) instead of mechanically.4. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used_( 习惯了学生迟到 ) his lecture.5. I prefer to communicate with my customers _( 通过写电子邮件而不是打电话)6. After the terrorist attack, tourists _ ( 被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游)7.( 他把自己奉献于社区工作 ) _ and is passionate about what he is doing.8. Man should not exploit the natural resources _ ( 以牺牲其他物种为代价 ).9. When Sandy recovered from cancer, her doctor _ ( 把此归因于她对未来的信念 ).10. At the end of his speech, the school master encouraged the children to work hard _ ( 不要让父母失望 ).11. In the budget for this building, they failed to _( 考虑价格增长的因素 ).12. Only after I slapped him on the back _( 他才发现我并高兴得叫起来 ).13. I didn t even speak to him, _( 更不用说与他讨论事情 ).14. Some young people would rather try hard themselves to go through life than _( 求助于他们的父母 ) with a sense of guilt.15. The victim _( 本来有机会活下来 ) if he had been taken to hospital in time .翻译解析：1. The key to the success of this project超级单词key除作名词钥匙外，后接介词to，表示的钥匙，的答案，的关键.2. varies from individual to individual.超级短语不及物动词vary 的用法。搭配为：vary from to 各不相同。3. had to be operated manually超级短语have to通常指由于客观原因则不得不做某事，意思为不得不. 其否定形式意思是不一定或没有必要.4. to students being late for超级句型be used to+doing/noun，表示过去习惯于做某事。used to+do，表示过去有规律的习惯性动作或状态，而现在已不存在了。超级短语be late for,迟到。超级句型ones doing,非谓语动词的复合结构。5. via E-mail instead of telephone超级短语Instead of 的意思是代替、而不，后面常跟名词、代词和动名词，偶尔也跟复合结构。6. were advised not to travel to that country at the moment超级单词advise 一般用法： advise sb. to do; advise doing特殊注意： 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：advise that sb. (should) do的形式。7. he devotes himself/ he is devoted to the community超级短语be devoted to 有两个含义：A.专心致志于，献身于;B.热爱，很喜欢。作为动词的devote常用下列成语类的搭配：devote oneself/ones life to sth/doing sth.8. at the cost of sacrificing/loss of other species