高2010届高三英语Unit1-5重难点详解.doc

本资料来源于七彩教育网高2009届高三英语 Unit 1-5重难点详解Unit 1 Madam Curie一、语法Revising the Attributive Clause复习定语从句的用法注意：1.关系词的选择，一定要看好关系词在定语从句中所起的作用。I will never forget the day on which/that I spent with you.(which/that在定语从句中作动词spent的宾语)I will never forget the day when I first saw you.(when在定语从句中作时间状语)2.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词必须和先行词的数一致。The woman who teaches us maths is from America.The CD that is on the table belongs to me.3.位于介词后的关系代词要用whom(人)和which(物)，不能用 who或that。The hotel at which they stayed is very expensive.Lily with whom I go shopping is a very pretty girl.含有介词的短语动词一般不可以拆开，如：This is the man you need to look after.4.引导非限制性定语从句要用which。Ive finished reading the book, which you lent to me last week.5.which还可用来代替前面全句的意思。She received a letter from her boss, which made her so surprised.二、聚焦高频考点1.devote to sth/doing sth.投身于；献身于(做)某事eg: Madame Curie devoted all her life to her research.The teacher devoted herself to teaching.2.succeed in doing sth.成功做某事eg: Madame Curie succeeded in finding radium.3.have . to do with与有关eg: Dont ask me! I have nothing to do with it.I think he must have something to with the murder.4.disappoint失望disappointed失望的(主语是人)eg: She was so disappointed that she wasnt invited to the party.disappointing令人失望的(主语是物)eg: She was so disappointed that she wasnt invited to the party.5.be determined to do=make up ones mind to do 下决心要做.eg: If he is determined to do something, nothing can stop him.三、常用词语与句型1.admit让进入，招收eg: Only three hundred students are admitted to our school every year.admit还可作“承认”“容纳”解。eg: She admitted having broken the windows.The hall admits 200 persons.2.倍数的表达方式：倍数time+比较级+than+被比事物(比大多少倍)eg: The building is four times higher than that one.或：倍数time+as+形容词+as+被比事物，所以上例句可等于The building is five times as high as that one.3.instead作副词时，意为in place of(代替)eg: If you dont want to go, Ill go instead.短语instead of+名词/代词/动词ing形式eg: She stayed at home instead of going out.4.have effect on对有效，对产生影响eg: Did the medicine have any effect on you?Teachers words and deeds have a great effect on their students.四、交际用语Perhaps Ill go to that one.Maybe it was useful for some people.Im not sure whether/if .I doubt if hell be asked to speak again next year.Im (not) sure that .Unit 2 Captain Cook一、语法Revising the v-ing Form进一步学习动词-ing形式作宾语，主语和表语的用法1.动词-ing形式作主语，往往表示事物化、抽象化的概念，而动词不定式作主语强调具体动作。如：Seeing is believing.(=To see is to believe.)眼见为实。2. 动词-ing形式作表语，有的和主语表示同一概念，可以和主语互换，有的表示主语的事物的物征，不可和主语互换。如：1)One of the good exercises is climbing mountains.登山是一种很好的锻炼。(句中主语和表语表示同一概念，可以改成：Climbing mountains is one of the good exercises.)2)The colour is pleasing to the eyes. 颜色悦目。(表语表示主语的事物的特征，相当于形容词，不可和主语互换。)3.动词-ing形式作宾语。某些及物动词后一般不能接动词不定式作宾语，只能接动词-ing形式作宾语。它们是avoid(避免)，advise(劝告)，admit(承认)，consider(考虑)，dislike(讨厌)，escape(逃避)，enjoy(喜爱)，finish(结束)，mind(反对，介意)，miss(错过)，risk(冒险)，suggest(建议)， practise(练习)，excuse(原谅), imagine(想像), keep(继续不断)，以及短语cant help(不禁，忍不住)，put off(推迟)，keep on(继续，坚持)，give up(放弃，不再做)，be worth(值得)等。如：1)Would you mind passing me the salt? 请你把盐递给我好吗？2)On hearing the joke we couldnt help laughing.一听到这笑话我们不禁笑了起来。二、聚焦高频考点1.live作形容词，表示“活着的”，放在名词前作定语eg: a live fish2.set out=set off出发，动身set out/set off for spl. 动身去某地eg: He has set out/off for home.3.fall ill表示得病，生病fall意为“进入某种状态”时，是连系动词，含义是“变得，成为”，后接形容词、副词或名词。eg: She fell ill from cold so she was absent from school.His mother ate a green peach and fell ill.4.be worth doingeg: Shes not worth getting angry with.The film isnt worth seeing.worth表示“值(多少钱)”，其后主要接表示钱数的词：eg: This picture is worth six pounds. worth表示“值得”，其后接某些名词：eg: His words are worth notice.worth表示“拥有价值的财产”eg: He is worth a million dollars.worth通常用well修饰，以加强语气，但一般说来不用very：eg: The book is well worth buying这本书完全值得买。5.be in charge of表示“负责”，“主管”eg: She will be in charge of the department.她负责这个部门。be in the charge of表示“由负责/管理”eg: Our class is in the charge of Miss Liu.我们班由刘老师负责。6.take an interest in意为“对感兴趣”feel interested in，其中interest意为“兴趣”，能与它搭配使用的动词have, take, find, show, lose等。例如：When he was a young man, he took an interest in English.He lost an interest in much of his research.7.insist on/upon+v-ing形式，意为“坚持要求干某事”。eg: She insisted on my staying at the Golden Hotel.insist+that-clause意为“坚决要求”，“一定要”。从句中的动词用 “(should)+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。eg: The doctor insisted that the patient (should) stop smoking.insist作坚持认为解时，从句不用虚拟语气。如：He insisted that he saw the accident.他坚持说他看见那起事故了。8.suggest(vt.)意为建议，提出建议；后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式，不可接动词不定式。eg: Teacher Li suggested having class on the playground.suggest(vt.)后接that从句表示“建议某人做某事”，从句谓语用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形should可省略，不可用suggest sb. to do sth.的结构。如：eg: My father suggested that I (should) learn English better.suggest(vt.)表示“提出看法”，“暗示”，“使人想起”时，从句不用虚拟语气。eg: His words suggested that he was angry.三、常用词语与句型1.suffervt.，遭受，蒙受。所接宾语指痛苦，疾病，寒冷，饥饿，损失等。eg: He suffered a serious disease as a result of overwork.Her fathers firm suffered great losses.suffer也可作vi.，后常跟介词from, 解为“因而受苦”。eg: I am suffering from a bad cold.2.in search of意为“寻找、搜寻”looking for，如：The police are in search of the thieves.I went to every bookshop in search of the book.3.set sail 意为“起航”。sail既可用作名词，意为“帆；航行”，也可用作动词，意为“航行；起航”。eg: Our ship set sail for America last month.eg: She stayed at home instead of going out.4.take . by surprise意为使吃惊，使出其不意，对进行突然袭击等。eg: I took him by surprise and he had no time to think of an excuse.我(的询问)使他出乎意料，他没时间想出借口。5.as well as .意为“即，又，也”，相当于not only，如在句末只用as well。eg: The teacher as well as his students was praised.She has an English-Chinese dictionary as well as a Chinese-English dictionary.She likes playing football and basketball as well.as well as后接动词时，该动词应用动名词形式。如：As well as breaking his leg, he hurt his arm.四、交际用语I have decided to take live animals.I insist on taking proper food for this expedition.I shall insist that they do .Have you decided which boat to take?I suggest taking a lot of vinegar. Unit 3 Australia一、语法Revising the v-ing Form (2)进一步学习动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语的用法1.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语v-ing形式在复合宾语中作宾语补足语，可带这种复合宾语的动词有：see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, get, keep等。如：I heard her singing in her room.I felt the house shaking.2.动词-ing形式作状语v-ing的完成时是由“having+过去分词”构成的，被动式是having been+过去分词。如：v-ing所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般是同时进行的，而v-ing的完成式所表示的动作则在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成了。如：Seeing her mother, the little girl stopped crying.Having finished the work, they went home.二、聚焦高频考点1.fix up表示“搭起”“安装”“修理”。eg: We fixed up a simple operation table at one end of the room.Can you fix up the chair?2.hand down=pass down相传，传给eg: The custom has been handed down since the 18th century.3.rather than意为“宁可；而不是；倒不如”，也可写成rather . than .，如：eg: You, rather than he, should do the work.I was rather tired than bored.三、常用词语与句型1.过去分词作定语eg: a widely used languagea wrongly pronounced sound2.be/become experienced at sth./doing sth.对某事/做某事有经验。如：She is experienced in teaching beginners.He is experienced at getting good marks.3.lay意为“产卵”。eg: Insects lay eggs.lay还作放置，准备。eg: She laid her baby on the bed.lay the table准备吃饭4.catch sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事eg: He was caught stealing the money and taken away by the policeman.Be/get caught in突然碰上而受阻eg: We were caught in a shower on the way home.四、交际用语Be careful!Dont throw your cigarette out of the window.You mustnt smoke while you are walking around in the bush either.Look out!Dont tie it to that old branch.Take care. Unit 4 Feed the world一、语法Revising Noun Clause复习名词性从句作主语，表语和同位语的用法。1.主语从句主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语。引导主语从句的词有that, whether, who, what, which, when, where, how, why等。Whether she will come or not is still a question.What I need is just pratice.2.表语从句表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。引导表语从句的词有that, whether, as if, who, what, which, when, where, how, because, why，如：It looks as if it is going to snow.That was because he missed the early bus.3.宾语从句引导宾语从句的词基本上与以上两种从句相同。I believe (that) our team will win.I wonder when she can finish reading.4.同位语从句同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后(idea, news, fact, promise),用以说明名词所表示的具体内容。引导同位语从句的词that, how, when, where等。She had no idea when he will be back.二、聚焦高频考点1.It is/was thought that .人们认为eg: It is thought that the food in this supermarket is cheap.真正的主语是that引导的从句。2.raise作“饲养(牲畜)”“养育(子女)”解。eg: He was raised by his aunt.raise还有“筹措，征收(钱)”的意思。eg: They have raised enough money for building a new lab.3.for one thing首先；第一，用来列举理由，后面有时跟for another(其次)。eg: I wont go. For one thing, Im busy. For another, I have no money.三、常用词语与句型1.order点菜eg: Have you ordered yet?He ordered himself a new suit.2.all the same相当于副词，表示“仍然”“还是”He has faults, but I like him al the same.3.now and again有时，不时地eg: Mother comes to see me now and again.4.in the form of .以的形式Cars pollute the air in the form of waste gas.5.go hungry“挨饿”。go+adj.表示“转变成”,go是系动词，“变得”。eg: The machines go wrong.6.vote to do“投票决定”。如：We voted to accept the proposal.7.result in结果，终归，导致The car accident resulted in the death of 12 passengers.8.in debt欠(的)债When my dad was young, he was usually in debt.四、交际用语Id like to invite you to dinner at my flat before I move.Have you ordered yet? What would you like to have?Would you like something to eat/drink? Would you like some more?Anything to follow? Help yourself to some .Thank you. Ive had enough. Just a little, please.That would be nice. Im full, thank you.Unit 5 Advertising一、语法Revising the Past Participle复习过去分词作定语，表语，宾语补足语和状语的用法过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作，只有一种形式。1.A broken glass is on the ground.(定语)2.This is the hospital built in 1988.(后置定语)3.The cup is broken.(表语)4.He had his car repaired.(宾语补足语)5.Seen from the hill, the houses are so tiny.(状语)v-ing表示主动，而过去分词则表示被动。如：I saw he