2020学年高中英语Unit2LanguageSectionⅠWelcometotheunit试题

Section Welcome to the unit & ReadingWarming UpA卷 学生用书P97(单独成册) 阅读理解AEnglish language learners, also known as ELLs, are students with limited English abilities. American public school systems seek to develop programs to help such students improve their English. The goal is to give students the language skills they need to fully take part in educational activities and help them succeed in the classroom. Studies have shown clear connections between greater Englishlanguage abilities and improved educational results.The state with the highest number of ELL students was California. Twentyone percent of its public school students were English language learners in 2015. The next highest states were Texas and Nevada. Nearly 17 percent of both states students were ELLs. In eight states, ELLs made up 10 percent or more of the total public school students.Thirtysix states and the District of Columbia saw a rise in the number of ELL students from 2010 to 2015. The largest increase3 percentwas reported in Massachusetts. In 14 states, the percentage of ELLs fell in 2015 compared to 2010. The largest drop, which was 4 percent, was reported in the western state of Nevada.About 77 percent of ELL students said they mainly spoke Spanish at home. Twentyone percent of Spanishspeaking ELLs lived in California. Arabic is the second most common language spoken at home by ELL students. Chinese is the third most commonly spoken language by American ELL students. About 2 percent of the totalor about 101，000 studentsidentified(认定) themselves as Chinese speakers at home. About 81，000 ELL students reported speaking Vietnamese at home. That is 1.7 percent of all ELLs.About 14 percent of ELLs lived in cities, the National Center for Education Statistics reported. Nine percent lived in suburban(郊区的) areas. And around 6.5 percent lived in small towns, while 3.6 percent were in the countryside.Not surprisingly, most English language learners were in lower grade levels. In 2015, 67 percent of students were either in kindergarten or grades 1 through 5. The other 33 percent were in sixth through 12th grades.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。美国的很多公立学校里有很多英语不好的学生，他们的英语能力影响到了他们的学习成绩。1What can we know about ELLs in America during 2010 to 2015?AOver half of ELLs lived in suburban areas.BMassachusetts had the highest number of ELLs.CThere were more and more ELLs in many states.DThe number of ELLs in California increased by 21%.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Thirtysix states and the District of Columbia saw a rise in the number of ELL students from 2010 to 2015. The largest increase3 percentwas reported in Massachusetts.可知，在2010年至2015年间，有三十六个州英语语言学习者的数量都在上升。2Which of the following is the most widely spoken by American ELLs at home?AArabic.BSpanish.CChinese. DVietnamese.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，美国英语语言学习者在家里说西班牙语最普遍。3What does the text mainly talk about?ALanguages spoken in the US.BPrograms to help ELLs in the US.CEnglish language learners in the US.DThe most popular languages in the US.C解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文围绕美国那些英语能力不高的英语语言学习者展开，介绍了其数量、比例、分布地区以及能力水平方面的相关信息。BGabriellas family immigrated to the US from Peru when she was two years old. As a compound bilingual(熟谙两种语言的人), Gabriella develops two linguistic codes at the same time, with a set of concepts, learning both English and Spanish. Her teenage brother, on the other hand, might be a coordinate bilingual, working with two sets of concepts, learning English in school, spanish at home. Finally, Gabriellas parents are likely to be subordinate bilinguals who learned a second language by translating it into their mother tongue.Regardless of accent and pronunciation, all types of bilingual people can become fully proficient in a language. It seems that the difference may not be apparent. But recently brain imaging technology has given a glimpse into how specific aspects of language learning affect the bilingual brain. Its well known that the brains left hemisphere(半球) is in charge of logical processes, while the right hemisphere is more active in emotional and social ones. Language involves both types of functions. Critical period hypothesis says children learn languages more easily because their developing brains let them use both hemispheres in language learning, while in most adults, language relies on one hemisphere, usually the left.Before the 1960s, bilingualism was considered a handicap that slowed the childrens development by forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages. But a recent study did show that bilingualism may make you smarter. It does make your brain more complex, healthier, and more actively engaged, and even if you didnt have the good fortune of learning a second language like a child, its never too late to do yourself a favor and make the linguistic leap form “Hello” to “Hola” “Bonjour” or “nihao” because when it comes to our brains, a little exercise can go a long way.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，双语学习能使大脑更聪明、健康和活跃；学习外语永远不迟。4Why is Gabriellas family used as the example in Paragraph 1?ATo show that the family are bilinguals.BTo explain the advantages of bilinguals.CTo illustrate the three types of bilinguals.DTo prove all ages can learn foreign languages.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，Gabriella家中有三种不同的双语学习类型的人，即Gabriella同时学习英语和西班牙语；她的弟弟在学校学习英语，在家里学习西班牙语；她的父母则通过将第二语言翻译为母语来学习第二语言。据此可知，第一段以Gabriella的家庭为例是为了说明三种不同双语学习类型的人，故C项正确。5Why do the children learn languages more easily than adults?ABecause they learn languages with a set of concepts.BBecause they use both hemispheres to learn languages.CBecause their mother tongue doesnt influence them much.DBecause they can easily translate one language into another.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句中的“children learn languages more easily because their developing brains let them use both hemispheres in language learning, while in most adults, language relies on one hemisphere, usually the left”可知，儿童学习语言更容易是因为他们发育中的大脑让他们在语言学习中使用两个脑半球，而在大多数成年人中，学习语言依赖于一个脑半球，通常是左半球，故B项正确。6Which of the following best explains “handicap” underlined in Paragraph 3?ADisease.BDisability.CDisadvantage. DIllness.C解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Before the 1960s, bilingualism was considered a handicap that slowed the childrens development by forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages.”，尤其是该句中的“slowed”和“forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages”并结合语境可推知，画线词与C项“不利因素，障碍”意思相近，故C项正确。7What can we infer from the text?AThe left brain is more important for language learning.BLearning languages can promote the brain development.CThe proficiency of language becomes weak gradually with age.DImmigrants have advantages in learning languages over natives.B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句中的“But a recent study did show that bilingualism may make you smarter. It does make your brain more complex, healthier, and more actively engaged”可知，研究确实表明，双语可能会让你更聪明，它会让你的大脑更复杂、更健康、更活跃；据此可推知，语言学习促进大脑的发展，故B项正确。CIf you have a chance to take a walk in a park, look carefully at the people walking their dogs.Youll probably find friendlylooking people with friendly dogs; quiet people with quiet dogs; large men with oversized dogs and longhaired women with longeared dogs.As youve probably noticed, dogs and their owners look alike.Have you ever wondered why?These similarities are so common that researchers have tried to explain them.There are two theories(理论): the convergence theory and the selection theory.The convergence theory says that as the owner and the dog spend more time together, they influence each other to the point where they grow similar.In other words, they “converge”The selection theory, on the other hand, says that owners are interested in dogs that look like them, so they choose those dogs as pets.Recently, researchers at the University of California decided to test the two theories by taking pictures of 45 dogs separately from their owners.Then they asked some students to match the dogs photos with their owners.The students were quite successful with purebred(纯种的) dogs: they correctly matched 16 out of 25 with their owners.However, they had almost no success connecting mixedbreed(杂交的) dogs with their owners.When owners select a purebred dog, they can easily predict(预测) what it will look like later.But that is not true with mixedbreed dogs because its hard to predict what a mixedbreed dog will look like when it grows up.And since it was the purebreds not the mixedbreeds that looked like their owners, the research seems to prove the“selection theory”But one bit of warning.Although many people look like their dogs, not all dog owners enjoy having the similarity pointed out to them.So, even if the similarity is amazing, dont go up to a stranger and say，“Wow, you look just like your dog！”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出很多狗和它们的主人长相相似，并介绍了此现象背后的两个理论以及所做的研究。8The convergence theory explains that the similarity between dogs and their owners _Adecreases with the age of themBdecreases with increasing differencesCincreases with the period of ownershipDincreases with increasing attractivenessC解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“The convergence theory says that as the owner and the dog spend more time together, they influence each other to the point where they grow similar.”可知，趋于一致理论告诉我们：狗和主人在一起的时间越长，长相越相似。9According to the selection theory, why do dogs look like their owners?AThey influence each other.BThey often do the same thing.CDogs follow what their owners do.DOwners pick dogs that look like them.D解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“The selection theory, on the other hand, says that owners are interested in dogs that look like them, so they choose those dogs as pets.”可知，根据选择理论，狗主人在选择宠物狗的时候，会挑选那些和他们长相相似的。10Whats the purpose of the research?ATo test two similarity theories.BTo prove the selection theory.CTo help people choose proper dogs.DTo show the differences between dogs.A解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“Recently, researchers at the University of California decided to test the two theories by taking pictures of 45 dogs separately from their owners.”可知，该研究是为了测试上述两个论证狗和主人长相相似的理论。11What can we learn from the research?APurebred dogs have predictable appearance.BMost owners want their dogs to look like them.CMixedbreeds and their owners share similarities.DMost owners prefer purebred dogs to mixedbreeds.、A解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“When owners select a purebred dog, they can easily predict(预测) what it will look like later.But that is not true with mixedbreed dogs because its hard to predict what a mixedbreed dog will look like when it grows up.”可知，纯种狗的外貌一般可预测，而杂交狗的外貌则不可预测。 七选五Four benefits of writing by handToday is National Handwriting Day! Although we dont write like we used to, here are four ways handwriting is still helpful.Its better for learning.1_ Thats because putting ink to paper stimulates(刺激) the brain. One study from 2010 found that the brain areas related to learning “lit up” much more when kids were asked to write words like “spaceship” by hand versus just studying the word closely. 2_ Many famous authors prefer writing by hand to the use of a typewriter or computer. Writer Susan Sontag once said that she penned her first drafts(草稿) before typing them up for editing later. She said, “3._” A 2009 study seems to support Sontags preference for writing by hand: Elementary school students who wrote essays with a pen not only wrote more than their keyboardtapping friends, but they also wrote faster and in more complete sentences.It will prevent you from being distracted(分心)The computer in front of you is really a distraction. 4._ In 2012, scientists even suggested that taking fiveminute breaks to browse Tumblr or BuzzFeed could make you a more productive worker. However, when its time to work on that essay, have only a pen and paper in front of you.It keeps your brain sharp as you get older.5_ According to The Wall Street Journal, some physicians say that the act of writing is good exercise for those who want to keep their minds sharp as they age. AIt makes you a better writer.BWriting is good for your brain.COf course, the Internet isnt all bad.DI like the slowness of writing by hand.ETry writing by hand at least 20 minutes each day.FMany writers have a preference for writing by hand.GOne of the most effective ways to study is to rewrite your notes by hand.【解题导语】本文介绍了用手写作的四个好处。1G解析：根据下一句Thats because putting ink to paper stimulates(刺激) the brain. (那是因为把墨水放在纸上刺激大脑)可知，上句要表达的意思是：学习最有效的方法之一是用手去改写你的笔记。故选G项。2A解析：此空是小标题。根据其他标题的开头都用It的特点，再根据下文Many famous authors prefer writing by hand to the use of a typewriter or computer.许多著名作家更喜欢用手工书写而不是打字机或电脑。可知A项(它使你成为一个更好的作家)符合题意。3D解析：根据下句：一项2009年的研究似乎支持Sontag的偏爱手写。可知上句的意思是：我喜欢用手写字的缓慢。故选D项。4C解析：根据上句The computer in front of you is really a distraction.在你面前的电脑真的是一种分心物。可知，C项(当然，网络并不都是坏的)符合题意。5B解析：根据一些内科医生所说的“写作行为对那些想保持头脑清晰的人来说是一种很好的锻炼”可知，B项(写作对你的大脑是有好处的)符合题意。B卷 学生用书P99(单独成册) 阅读理解“This isnt Disneyland, Im not a novelty.This is as real as it gets，”sing The Sisters of Invention.The young womenAnnika, Michelle, Jackie, Aimee and Carolineare a pop group with a difference.All have learning difficulties and some have extra disabilities.The five are based in Adelaide, Australia, and met in 2010 when they sang together in a choir(合唱队) run by Tutti, an organization which supports disabled artists.Tutti saw they had talent and invited them to form a group.Now they perform together two or three times per month, and this is how they make a living.Michelle is 25 and has cerebral palsy(脑瘫) and a mild learning disability.She says，“We choose the name The Sisters of Invention because we are like sisters and we support each other on and off stage.For the invention part, we are trying to change peoples view of people with disabilities.We are reinventing the rules.”All their songs are based on the members own experiences and were written as a group in their twice weekly meetings at Tutti.“We would arrive in the morning and Id say, What do you want to talk about today？”says their manager and producer Michael Ross.He then noted down everything they said until lyrics took shape.Ross says that putting “their truth” out there is important.He says，“What Im interested in is that we get to see the world in a way that people in pop culture almost never get to see.It is creative gold.”When they perform their songs, the physical side of their disabilities is more obvious, but Ross says，“Theyre not up there to show their barriers or difficulties.Theyre up there to show their strengths.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。五个有学习障碍的女孩组成了一支乐队，她们通过演出向人们展现自己的力量。1What do we know about The Sisters of Invention?AAll its members are disabled.BIt was founded all by five girls.CIt has existed for less than ten years.DThey perform not in order to make money.A解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“All have learning difficulties and some have extra disabilities.”可知，五个女孩都有学习障碍，有的还有别的残疾。2The girls choose the name The Sisters of Invention because _Athey all have great talentBthey help each other like sistersCthey have the same experiencesDthey are good at inventing thingsB解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的“.because we are like sisters and we support each other on and off stage”可知，之所以给乐队起这个名字是因为五个成员亲如姐妹，互相支持。3How does Michael Ross produce lyrics for The Sisters of Invention?ABy talking with the girls.BBy asking the girls questions.CBy learning about pop culture.DBy using his personal experiences.A解析：推理判断题。由第五段可知，制作人通过跟五个姐妹聊天，很自然地写出歌词。4How do audiences probably feel watching the performances of The Sisters of Invention?AThey will feel bored.BThey will be inspired.CThey will feel disappointed.DThey will have pity on them.B解析：推理判断题。分析最后一段可知，尽管五个姐妹在演出时残疾暴露得更明显，但她们意在向人们展现自己的力量。 完形填空My name is John Sweeney. Im the founder and Chief Kindness Officer of a worldwide social _1_called Suspended Coffees. Im a storyteller and teacher of_2_For me, kindness has not only_3_my life, but also saved it. Three years ago, I was alone, feeling_4_and thinking my life was worthless when I read about Suspended Coffees. Up until that point in my life, Id been bullied(欺凌) everywhere I went and made to feel_5_. Yet since the day I was born, all Ive ever wanted to do was make people happy，_6_ people and be kind to othersits always been my_7_ in life.Since the beginning of this activity, Ive had a dream of_8_the world through kindness. Yes, our work is about buying coffee for others, but the real_9_ of the activity is bringing the world together_10_ kindness.Kindness has changed my life and the lives of many others. One nice lady emailed me yesterday, saying she has _11_tried to die three times in the last seven months, but because of the message were _12_， she is able to smile now. Shes _13_ to be kind to her doctors, which has resulted in them_14_ her more kindly. I know that has a positive_15_ on her doctors too, because when they leave her, they seem_16_I believe the world_17_more kindness, but we also need to be kind to ourselves. Its the most important part of our lives because our lives actually_18_it. Whenever I am asked_19_ I measure(估量) the effect of all the kindness Ive shown to the world, my answer is always simpleyou cant measure the impact of an act of kindness because it is far_20_ than we can imagine.【解题导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过描述自己在Suspended Coffees活动中的经历，以及受此影响而变得积极善良的故事来阐述一个道理：人生需要保持善良，多做善事，别人也会善待我们。1A.jobBclassCrelation DactivityD解析：根据后文的内容可知，Suspended Coffees是一次“社会活动”，故应选择activity。2A.blindness BkindnessChappiness DillnessB解