中考英语满分复习第12讲八年级(下)Units.doc

第12讲八年级(下)Units 34要点梳理【词汇拓展】1experience(n)experience(v)经历；体验2imagine(v)想象imagination(n)想象力imaginary(adj)想象的3strange(adj)奇怪的；陌生的stranger(n)陌生人4amazing(adj)令人惊异的surprising(adj同义 词)令人惊异的amazed(adj)惊奇的surprisod(adj同义词)惊奇的5silence(n)寂静；沉默silent(adj)寂静的silently(adv)沉默地6meaning(n)意义；含义mean(v)意味着 meaningful(adj)有意义的7true(adj)真实的；确实的truly(adv)真实地；确实地truth(n)事实；真相81ucky(adj)幸运的luck(n)运气luckily(adv)幸运地unluckily(adv反义词)不幸地9own(adj)自己的own(v)拥有owner(n)拥有者；主人10decision(n) decide(v)决定11danger(n)危险dangerous(n西)危险的endangered(adj)濒临灭绝的【重点短语】1in front of 在前面 2get out of 从出来3take off起飞；脱下 4run away逃跑5have an unusual experience有一次不寻常的经历 6think about考虑7at the doctors在医生的诊所里 8hear about听说9in silence沉默地 10take place发生11have meaning to对有意义 12all over the world遍及世界13beget mad at=beget angry with 对 生气14notanymore不再 15first of all首先 16pass(on)to传递给17be supposed to do sth 理应做某事；被期望做某事18be good at=do well in在某方面做得好 19be in good health身体健康20end-of-year exams期末考试 21get nervous变得紧张22get over克服 23have a hard time with 在某方面有困难24be surprised to find 很惊奇地发现 25agree with同意；赞成26open up ones eyes开拓视野 27in danger处于危险中【重点句型】1What were you doing when the UFO arrived?当不明飞行物到达时，你在做什么? I was standing in front of the library我正站在图书馆前。2While it was looking at the souvenirs，the shop as sistant called the police当它在看纪念品时，售货员报了警。3You can imagine how strange it was!你可以想象它有多么奇怪4He said I was hard-working他说我很努力。5She said she could speak three languages她说她会说三种语言。来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。K6In English，I，m better at reading than listening在英语方面，相比听力，我更擅长阅读。考点精讲【重点单词短语】1take off(飞机)起飞；脱下(衣帽等)适时点津与take相关的短语：take away拿走/take down记下/take out拿出/take back收回take after(在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像/take place发生take photos拍照/take notes做笔记/take an interest in对有兴趣活学活用(2011资阳)Hurry up，MikeYou must get to the airport an hour before the plane Agets off Bturns off Ctakes off Dputs off解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。get off“下车”；turn off“关闭”；take off“起飞”；put off推迟”。句意为：快点，马克。你必须在飞机起飞一个小时之前到达机场。答案：C2happen v发生 (1)happen是不及物动词，sth+happen+地点时问，意为“某地某时发生某事”，主语通常是事情，如accident，what，that thing或something等词语。如： Something strange happened in our neighborhood last night昨晚我附近地区发生了奇怪的事情。 (2)sth+happen to+sb意为“某人出了某事”，常指不好的事发生在某人身上。 (3)sb+happen+to do sth意为“某人碰巧做某事”。此简单句可与句型“It happenshappened that”互换使用。如：I happened to have no money with meIt happened that I had no money with me我碰巧身上没带钱。活学活用(2011铜仁)Great changes in Tongren in the past five yearsAhave happened Bhave taken placeChave been happened Dhave been taken place解析：happen和take place都不可用于被动语态，可先排除C、D。根据句意“铜仁在过去五年里发生了很大的变化。”这些变化在很大程度上有人为的参与，而不是偶然的变化。答案：B3surprise (1)surprise作名词，表示“惊奇，诧异”；to onessurprise表示“使吃惊的是”。 (2)surprise作及物动词(后接某人作宾语)，表示“使惊奇”。 (3)surprise的过去分词surprised作表语，表示“感到惊奇”，be surprised at sthsb表示“对感到惊奇”。适时点津surprised口彩：意为“感到惊奇的”，形容人；surprising adj意为“令人惊奇的”，形容事或物。活学活用Im the newspaper reporter interviewed meAsurprising Bsurprise Csurprised Dsurprises解析：本题考查词义辨析。句意：我对新闻记者采访我一事感到吃惊。答案：C4what to do “疑问词+不定式”结构相当于一个名词性从句，常常可用同等成分的从句代替。改写时，只需在疑问词后面加一个适当的主语(这个主语一般与主旬的主语一致)，并将不定式改 成适当形式的谓语即可。如： I dont know what to do=I dont know what Ishould do 活学活用 (2011青岛)一I often chat with my friends onthe Internet一You are so smart!Will you please tell me ? Ahow to do Bhow to do it Chow to use Dwhen can I use it 解析：本题考查“疑问词+动词不定式”。宾语从句必须为陈述语序，且句中连词在句中充当一定的成分，先排除D。how是用来提问如何做具体某事的方法和技巧，A和C都没有具体的某事，缺少宾语，故应排除。 答案：B【重点句型】1过去进行时 (1)过去进行时由“waswere+动词ing形式”构成。以动词work为例，其肯定式，否定式，疑问式和简略答语见下表：肯定式否定式疑问式和简略答语IHeSheItwas workingIHeShehe wasnot working一Was I working?一Yes，you wereWeYouTheywere working来源:Zxxk.ComWeYouTheywere not working一Were we working?一No。you werent (2)过去进行时的用法：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间，除有上、下文暗示以外，一般用时间状语来表示。2在陈述句中直接引语和间接引语的转换 (1)直接引语：说话人直接引用别人的原话。 (2)间接引语：说话人用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来。 (3)直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语则不用引号。 (4)规则： 人称变化：从句中的第一人称多改为第三人称；第二人称根据情况改为第一或第三人称；第三人称不变。 时态变化：如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变为间接引语时从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做以下变化：直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时(客观真理除外)一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时 如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句的动词时态保持不变；直接引语如果是客观真理变为间接引语时，时态保持不变。直接引语中的一些指示代词，时间状语、地点状语和动词须作相应的变化：直接引语间接引语指示代词this这，these这些that那，those那些时来源:学+科+网来源:Z*xx*k.Com间状语now现在then那时来源:Z,xx,k.Comtoday今天that day那天tonight今晚that night那天晚上this week这星期that week那个星期yesterday昨天the day before前一天last week上星期the week before前一个星期ago以前before以前tomorrow明天the nextfollowing day第二天next week下星期the nextfollowing week第二个星期地点状语here这里there那里动词come来go去适时点津直接引语中的时间状语根据实际情况转述为间接引语时，有时不需要改变。如tomorrow，如果转述的动作发生在当天，无需改变；如果转述的动作不在当天，则需将tomorrow变为the next day。活学活用(2011枣庄)He said that light much faster than soundAhas travelled Bwent Ctravels Dtravelled解析：本题考查宾语从句的时态，如果从句讲述的是客观事实或真理，从句时态不受主句时态的限制，要用一般现在时。句意：他说光比声传播的速度快。答案：C3感叹句感叹旬的构成有：(1)What+aan+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!如：What a good book it is!它是多好的一本书啊! (2)What+形容词+复数可数名词+主语+谓语!如：What easy questions they are!它们是多么简单的问题啊!(3)what+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!如：What cold weather it is!多么冷的天气啊!(4)How+形容词+主语+be动词!如：How nice the watch is!这只表多么漂亮啊!(5)How+副词+主语+谓语!如：How hard they are working!他们工作得多么辛苦啊!活学活用(2011南京)You cant imagine great fun chatting online isReally?But it may Cause you a lot of troubleAwhat Bhow Cwhy Dwhether解析：本题考查感叹句。分析句意可知这是一个感叹句，在名词性词组前，用感叹词what。答案：A 【巧辨异同】1when与whileWnenwhile中文释义当时候当时候英文释义at or during the time thatat the same time that，during the time that词性连词，引导时间状语从句连词，引导时间状语从句时间类型一点或一段时间一段时间动作类型延续性动作或短暂性动作延续性动作时间顺序主从句动作同时或先后发生主从句动作同时发生或主句动作在从旬动作中发生其他用法(1)并列连词，“就在那时”，“突然”(and then)：We were about to start when it began to rain(2)每当时：Its cold when it snows(1)并列连词，“而”，“却”(表示对比)。(2)名词，“一会儿”：after a while。适时点津(1)when的用法比while要广，一般都可用when。(2)有两种情况通常用while： 如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都是过去进行时，通常用while。如： They were singing while We were dancing 前后两句表示对比，这时while表示“而，却”。如： He is strong while his brother is weak活学活用(2011梧州)I met a good friend of mine while I on the streetAwalks Bwalk CWas walking Dam walking解析：本题考查动词时态。while引导的时间状语从句要用过去进行时态。句意：当我在街上散步的时候，我遇见了我的一个好朋友。答案：C2happen与take place (1)happen与take place都是不及物动词，不可用于被动语态。 (2)happen常用来强调某事发生的偶然性；而take place常表示事先经过安排，有计划有预谋而发生的事。如：The Olympic Games takes place every four-years奥运会每四年举办一次。3notanymore。no more，notany longer与no longer (1)notanymorenotany more意为“不再”。anymore是副词，一般用于疑问句或否定句中，多指“次数”或“数量”上的不再延续，多与短暂性动词连用。如：He wont go to that kind of dangerous place anymore他再也不去那种危险的地方了。 (2)no more的意思与notanymore相同，但位置相对灵活。(1)中例句可转换为：He will no more go to that kind of dangerous place (3)notany longer和no longer意为“不再”，在通常情况下可以和notanymore或no more互换使用，但notany longer和no longer侧重指“时间”上的不再延续，多与延续性动词连用。如：Hurry up!I cant wait any longer=Hurryup!I carl no longer wait快点儿!我不能再等了。真题剖析真题1 (2011福州)Its very hot here .Why not your coat? Aput on Bput off Ctake off 解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。put on是“穿上”的意思；put off是“推迟”的意思；take off是“脱掉”的意思。根据情境：天气热，要脱掉上衣。 答案：C 真题2 (2011本溪) were you at school when he came to see you? Yes，I a math class Ahad Bwas having Cam having Dhave 解析：本题考查时态。根据句意“当他来看你时你在学校吗?一是的，当时我正在上数学课。”过去进行时态用于表示过去的某个时刻正在做某事。 答案：B 真题3(2011福州) clever the girl is! So she is AHow BWhat CWhat a 解析：本题考查感叹句。感叹句有两种结构：What+(aan)+adj+仡+主谓!和How+n彩adv+主谓!句意：一这个女孩是多么聪明啊!一她确实如此。 答案：A 真题4 (2011成都) I like this set of sofa so muchbut I dont know it in my small house Youre supposed to put it in the living room Awhere to put Bwhy to put Chow to put 解析：考查“疑问词+不定式”在特定语境中作宾语时的用法辨析。根据答句句意“你应该把它放在客厅”可知上句句意应该是：“但我不知道把它放到我小房子的什么地方。” 答案：A 真题5 (2011滨州) what was your Brother doing at this time yesterday? He was reading a magazine I was writing an e-mail at home Aas soon as Bafter Cuntil Dwhile 解析：本题考查连词的用法。as soon as“一就”；after“在之后”；until“直到”；while“当的时候，和同时”。由答语“他在读杂志而我在写电子邮件”可知，两个动作同时进行。 答案：D名师预测阅读下面的短文，然后根据汉语或英语首字母提示写出所缺英语单词的正确形式。I had a very unusual experience on(1) (星期天)At around ten oclock in the morning，I was walking down the street when a UF0 landed in(2)f of meYou can imagine how(3) (奇怪的)it was!An alien got out and walked down the Center StreetI(4) (跟随)it to see where it was going，and I was very surprised when it went into a souvenir shopWhile it was looking at the souvenirs，the assistant called the(5)P 同步训练l2八年级(下)Units 34基础检测一、单项选择( )1(2011西宁)I feel really before the interview Take it easySure you are the best Apatient Bserious Cnervous Dcool( )2What did Tim ? He said he play basketball the next day Asaid；would Bsay；would C says；was going Dsay；was going( )3(2011西宁) Did you see the girl in white pass by just now? No，sirI a newspaper Aread Bwas reading Cwill read Dam reading( )4(2011昆明)While the alien a souvenir，the girl called the police Awas buying Bbought Cbuys Dis buying( )5(2011青岛)Tom rushed into the house his mother was cooking Aas Bbefore Cwhile Dafter( )6(2011呼和浩特)The girl with two cats in the yard when the earthquake happened A was playing Bis playing Care playing Dwere playing( )7(2011长春)Internet is very usefulIt can our eyes to the outside Aput up Bgrow up Cturn up Dopen up( )8(2011衡阳) Jack，will your family move to Shanghai?YesThats a very big my parents made Adecide Bdecision Ceducation( )9Shes at swimmin9，but she wants to do in it Agood；well Bwell；better Cgood；better Dbetter；better( )10 beautiful the dress is! AWhat BWhat a CHow a DHow二、语篇填空 My best friend is VictorHe is an American boyHe has been living in China(1) (自从)last yearHe is very hardworkingSo he is good at all thesubjects(2) (除之外)ChineseHis English is excellent and he is very good at(3) (写作)in EnglishBut I do(4) (差)in it，because I am a bit(5) (懒)and I dont like reading EnglishI usually(6) (花)lots of time in playing sportsMr Hu told us that l was much(7) (好)at PEthan VictorYesterday Victor told us that he would like to be a volunteer teacher in a mountain(8) (村子)in GansuHewanted to teach children something newIt could(9) (开阔)up their eyesWhen I(10) (听到)the news，I was very surprised三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1I phoned you yesterday morning，but you were not inWe (fish)by the river2Dont worry about your sonHe is old enough to be independent and live by (he)3 (final)，Grace made up her mind to 1ive abroad with her daughter4The great (art)gave his first show in Shanghai and the tickets sold out in minutes5Climb up to the (eleven)floor，and you can enjoy a better view6While traveling in Africa，we had many happy and excmng (experience)7Her classmates didnt (return)her books8The teacher told us that light (travel)much faster than sound9He feels (disappoint)because he couldnt get a ticket to The Sound of Music10Im happy (invite)you to my birthday party四、用方框中所给词组的适当形式填空in good health，have a hard time，do well in，take place，take off1The story about two thousand years ago2Linda drawingShe won lots of prizes3My brother works in a primary schoolHe with the noisy children4Hurry up!The plane in half an hour5I hope you are 五、句型转换1I am surprised to find great changes have taken place in China(改为同义句) my ，I find great changes have taken place in China2Our city is beautiful(改为感叹句) our city is !3Should I arrive on time or a little later if someone invites me to dinner?(改为同义旬)Am I arrive on time or a little later if someone invites me to dinner? 4We will turn off the lights for an hour at 6：00(就划线部分提问) we turn off the lights for an hour?5It is interesting to send English messages to friends on a mobile phone(改为感叹句) interesting thing it is to send English messages to friends on a mobile phone!能力提升一、完形填空 Do you often communicate with your parents? Some parents are always comparing their l with themselves when they were young，or with otherpeople when they were children “When l was your age。”a father said to 2 sixteen-yearold son one day“l was at the top of my class every yearAnd I 3 what l wanted to do when I left schoolI had goalsYou are always al the bottom of your class 4 you have no goals” The mans son said nothingHe had already heard this from his father 5 times “And when your mother was your agethe young mans father 6 ，“she had a good job and she was earning moneyYou dont even have a parttime jobYou earn nothing The mans son still said 7 He had heard this before， 8 “And 9 your elder brother was your age，”the young mans father went on，“he studied hardBut you just 10 your time” And the mans son still said nothing Finally，the young mans 11 said。“And when Abraham Lincoln was your age，he worked all day and studied at night This time the son l 2 stay silent “And when Abraham Lincoln was your age。father，”he said，“He was the President of l3 United States， 14 are you? His father had no answer to this Are your parents always comparing you l 5 others?And whats your reply?Do you have a better way to communicate with each other?( )1Achildren Bstudents Cteachers Dfriends( )2Amy Bhis Cher Dyour( )3Aknow Bknew Cwill know Dhave known( )4Aalthough Bor Cand Dunless( )5Amany Bfew Cany Dmuch( )6Awent away Bwent over Cwent up Dwent on( )7Asomething Banything Cnothing Deverything( )8Aalso Btoo Ceither Dyet( )9Aafter Bbefore Cas soon as Dwhen( )10Asave Btake Cwaste Dkeep( )11Abrother Bsister Cmother Dfather( )12Acan Bcant Ccould Dcouldnt( )13Aa Ban Cthe D( )14AWhat BHow CWhere DWho( )15Ato Bwith Cabout Dfor二、阅读理解(2011泰州) Yesterday l was shopping for a few items(物品)With nothing to do at home，my son，who just left university，was ready to go together with me As I pushed the basket towards the register(收银机)，I checked my items to see how many I had，thinking I might go to the Express Line(快速通道)where the sign said“Ten items or less” I started to go to that line and my son said，“Morn，you have twelve items!”I said，“I know，but theyre close”He said，“Why are you in such a hurry to get home?You should go to the Regular lane because you have over ten items Knowing he was rightI agreed and then pushed the basket to the next lineSo I was waiting for my turn there and l was j ust removing my items from the basket to pay for them when a young man came up behind me in line with two items I just left the Express Line because I had too many and now I really wanted to get finishedAgain，my son came up“Morn，he has only two items and the Express lane is very long nowWont you just let him go first?”I agreed，and the young man smiled widely and thanked me several times It felt good to be with my son and have him remind me not to live a hurried lifeDo whats right and also be kindI really take pride in him( )1The writer when she was pushing the basket towards the register Alost something she liked best Bfound her favourite item Cchecked her handbag Dcounted the items she had( )2The writer went to the Regular Line because Ashe had 2 items Bshe had l2 items Cshe was in a hurry to get home Dshe wanted to wait for her son( )3Of the following，which order is right according to the story? prepare to remove the items from the basket let the young man behind go first walk towards the Express Line return to the Regular lane A B C D( )4If you pay for your items at the Express line， Ayou need to hell)others Byou must wait for a long time Cyou can get finished more quickly Dyou should buy more than ten items( )5What did the writer learn from her son that day? AEnjoy your life and be kind BDont buy too many at a time CTry to be friendly to your family DNever waste time waiting in line三、任务型阅读(2011广东) 请阅读某网站论坛上关于“地球-4时”的文章，根据所提供的信息，完成后面表格。 From 8：