Android的三种网络通信方式.docx

Android的三种网络通信方式分类：Android2012-07-13 11:2312295人阅读评论(7)收藏举报android网络layoutjavanullsocketAndroid平台有三种网络接口可以使用，他们分别是：.*(标准Java接口)、Org.apache接口和A.*(Android网络接口)。下面分别介绍这些接口的功能和作用。1.标准Java接口.*提供与联网有关的类，包括流、数据包套接字(socket)、Internet协议、常见Http处理等。比如：创建URL，以及URLConnection/HttpURLConnection对象、设置链接参数、链接到服务器、向服务器写数据、从服务器读取数据等通信。这些在Java网络编程中均有涉及，我们看一个简单的socket编程，实现服务器回发客户端信息。服务端：javaview plaincopy1. publicclassServerimplementsRunnable2. Override3. publicvoidrun()4. Socketsocket=null;5. try6. ServerSocketserver=newServerSocket(18888);7. /循环监听客户端链接请求8. while(true)9. System.out.println(start.);10. /接收请求11. socket=server.accept();12. System.out.println(accept.);13. /接收客户端消息14. BufferedReaderin=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream();15. Stringmessage=in.readLine();16. /发送消息，向客户端17. PrintWriterout=newPrintWriter(newBufferedWriter(newOutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream(),true);18. out.println(Server:+message);19. /关闭流20. in.close();21. out.close();22. 23. catch(IOExceptione)24. e.printStackTrace();25. finally26. if(null!=socket)27. try28. socket.close();29. catch(IOExceptione)30. e.printStackTrace();31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. /启动服务器37. publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs)38. Threadserver=newThread(newServer();39. server.start();40. 41. 客户端，MainActivityjavaview plaincopy1. publicclassMainActivityextendsActivity2. privateEditTexteditText;3. privateButtonbutton;4. /*Calledwhentheactivityisfirstcreated.*/5. Override6. publicvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState)7. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);8. setContentView(R.layout.main);9. 10. editText=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText1);11. button=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);12. 13. button.setOnClickListener(newOnClickListener()14. Override15. publicvoidonClick(Viewv)16. Socketsocket=null;17. Stringmessage=editText.getText().toString()+rn;18. try19. /创建客户端socket,注意:不能用localhost或，Android模拟器把自己作为localhost20. socket=newSocket(,18888);21. PrintWriterout=newPrintWriter(newBufferedWriter(newOutputStreamWriter22. (socket.getOutputStream(),true);23. /发送数据24. out.println(message);25. 26. /接收数据27. BufferedReaderin=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream();28. Stringmsg=in.readLine();29. if(null!=msg)30. editText.setText(msg);31. System.out.println(msg);32. 33. else34. editText.setText(dataerror);35. 36. out.close();37. in.close();38. catch(UnknownHostExceptione)39. e.printStackTrace();40. catch(IOExceptione)41. e.printStackTrace();42. 43. finally44. try45. if(null!=socket)46. socket.close();47. 48. catch(IOExceptione)49. e.printStackTrace();50. 51. 52. 53. );54. 55. 布局文件：javaview plaincopy1. 2. 5. 7. 11. 13. 启动服务器：javaview plaincopy1. javaccom/test/socket/Server.java2. javacom.test.socket.Server运行客户端程序：结果如图：注意：服务器与客户端无法链接的可能原因有：没有加访问网络的权限：IP地址要使用：模拟器不能配置代理。2。Apache接口对于大部分应用程序而言JDK本身提供的网络功能已远远不够，这时就需要Android提供的Apache HttpClient了。它是一个开源项目，功能更加完善，为客户端的Http编程提供高效、最新、功能丰富的工具包支持。下面我们以一个简单例子来看看如何使用HttpClient在Android客户端访问Web。首先，要在你的机器上搭建一个web应用myapp，只有很简单的一个http.jsp内容如下：javaview plaincopy1. 2. 3. 4. 5. HttpTest6. 7. 8. 9. %10. Stringtype=request.getParameter(parameter);11. Stringresult=newString(type.getBytes(iso-8859-1),utf-8);12. out.println(+result+);13. %14. 15. 然后实现Android客户端，分别以post、get方式去访问myapp,代码如下：布局文件：javaview plaincopy1. 2. 7. 14. 15. 16. 资源文件：strings.xmljavaview plaincopy1. 2. 3. 通过按钮选择不同方式访问网页4. HttpGet5. 主Activity:javaview plaincopy1. publicclassMainActivityextendsActivity2. privateTextViewtextView;3. privateButtonget,post;4. /*Calledwhentheactivityisfirstcreated.*/5. Override6. publicvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState)7. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);8. setContentView(R.layout.main);9. 10. textView=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView);11. get=(Button)findViewById(R.id.get);12. post=(Button)findViewById(R.id.post);13. 14. /绑定按钮监听器15. get.setOnClickListener(newOnClickListener()16. Override17. publicvoidonClick(Viewv)18. /注意：此处ip不能用或localhost,Android模拟器已将它自己作为了localhost19. Stringuri=8:8080/myapp/http.jsp?parameter=以Get方式发送请求;20. textView.setText(get(uri);21. 22. );23. /绑定按钮监听器24. post.setOnClickListener(newOnClickListener()25. Override26. publicvoidonClick(Viewv)27. Stringuri=8:8080/myapp/http.jsp;28. textView.setText(post(uri);29. 30. );31. 32. /*33. *以get方式发送请求，访问web34. *paramuriweb地址35. *return响应数据36. */37. privatestaticStringget(Stringuri)38. BufferedReaderreader=null;39. StringBuffersb=null;40. Stringresult=;41. HttpClientclient=newDefaultHttpClient();42. HttpGetrequest=newHttpGet(uri);43. try44. /发送请求，得到响应45. HttpResponseresponse=client.execute(request);46. 47. /请求成功48. if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()=HttpStatus.SC_OK)49. reader=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent();50. sb=newStringBuffer();51. Stringline=;52. StringNL=System.getProperty(line.separator);53. while(line=reader.readLine()!=null)54. sb.append(line);55. 56. 57. catch(ClientProtocolExceptione)58. e.printStackTrace();59. catch(IOExceptione)60. e.printStackTrace();61. 62. finally63. try64. if(null!=reader)65. reader.close();66. reader=null;67. 68. catch(IOExceptione)69. e.printStackTrace();70. 71. 72. if(null!=sb)73. result=sb.toString();74. 75. returnresult;76. 77. /*78. *以post方式发送请求，访问web79. *paramuriweb地址80. *return响应数据81. */82. privatestaticStringpost(Stringuri)83. BufferedReaderreader=null;84. StringBuffersb=null;85. Stringresult=;86. HttpClientclient=newDefaultHttpClient();87. HttpPostrequest=newHttpPost(uri);88. 89. /保存要传递的参数90. Listparams=newArrayList();91. /添加参数92. params.add(newBasicNameValuePair(parameter,以Post方式发送请求);93. 94. try95. /设置字符集96. HttpEntityentity=newUrlEncodedFormEntity(params,utf-8);97. /请求对象98. request.setEntity(entity);99. /发送请求100. HttpResponseresponse=client.execute(request);101. 102. /请求成功103. if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()=HttpStatus.SC_OK)104. System.out.println(postsuccess);105. reader=newBu