Book 3-Unit 2-Appendix 2-Understanding the Text-答案7.29.doc

Book 3Unit 2Appendix 2Understanding the TextUnit 2 Masdar City: The Worlds Greenest City?Step 1: Focus on Meaning1.1. Skimming: Read the title and the first one or two sentences of paragraphs 1 through 6 quickly. Then supply the missing information. In 2007, Abu Dhabi government announced its plan to build Masdar City, the worlds first zero-carbon city. The main traffic in the city would be PRTs. However, the plan changed in 2010 and inspired disbelief. Though the author thinks that the idea of Masdar City has disadvantages and in practice some goals of the city are not easy to meet, still its not correct to dismiss the whole project as green folly because at least the design of the city helps encourage energy conservation. 1.2. Skimming: Read the last two paragraphs and learn more about the authors opinions toward Masdar City. Organize them below.* difficult: real city* regulations & design; residents; prevent* some technology; enormous value* experiments count 1.3. Scanning: Read the text in detail and answer the following questions. Use key words only. 1. What benefits do PRT cars have?Environmental-friendly and freedom of private cars.2. How many stops does a PRT car make? Only one. 3. Why does the author say “theres something silly” about PRT cars? Use legs.4. According to Abu Dhabis 2007 plan, what would Masdar City be like? Zero-carbon; renewable energy; zero-waste; no traditional cars; layout(Arb and 21st century).5. Which words in paragraph 2 indicate the goal of building Masdar City? Zero-carbon; renewable; zero-waste; sustainability; reduce energy.6. Why was the original plan changed in 2010?Financial crash.7. What changes happened to the original plan, in terms of date of completion, the aim, and the traffic? Date: 2015-2025; aim: zero-carbon-low-carbon; traffic: no traditional cars-electric buses and other mass transit . 8. What did the author think of the streets in Masdar City when visiting the Masdar Institute? Narrow; sheltered by walls; feel cooler; energy conservation. 9. According to the author, what other designs or constructions in Masdar City are helpful to energy conservation? Why? Building materials; wind tower; LED lights. 10. According to paragraph 6, at what temperature are Masdar citizens required to set their AC? Why?77F(25C). 11. According to the author, what are necessary if the citizens were to be kept in line? To obey behavioral regulations.12. In addition to people, what is the other unpredictable factor that may hinder the realization of Masdars goals? Find one example from the text. Weather.Step 2: Focus on Language2.1. Sentence Translation* The doors swish shut and with the press of a button, the Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) car is off, gliding through the tunnels under Abu Dhabis new Masdar City. (para. 1)按下按钮，门嗖地一声关上了，个人快速公交车（PRT）出发了，平稳地行驶在阿布扎比新建的马斯达城的地下隧道中。* There would be no traditional cars inside the city and it would use half the energy of a settlement of the same size. (para.2)城内不再使用传统汽车，能耗是其他同样大小城市的一半。* Though the first phase of the project the Institute was completed in 2010 and opened to students, its still easy to wonder whether the sustainable city will ever be able to sustain itself. (para.3)尽管马斯达项目的第一阶段科技学院的建设已于2010年完工并向学生开放，我们仍很好奇：这座可持续城市是否能永远持续下去。* The streets are narrow and sheltered by walls that block the desert sunlight, while openings in the walls channel a refreshing wind that makes the city feel as much as 70F cooler than its surroundings. (para.4)（城里的）街道很狭窄，两旁的墙壁能挡住沙漠里炙热的阳光，墙壁上的空洞向城内输送阵阵凉风，使人觉得整座城市的温度比周围地区最多低了70华氏度。* Blue means it is within its goal of using 50% less energy than a comparable settlement. Red means its time to turn off the lights. (para.5)蓝灯表示马斯达城的能耗比相同大小的区域少50%，符合想要达到的节能目标。红灯则表示未达到目标，应关灯节能。* The solar-photovoltaic field just outside Masdar, which supplies much of the citys power, works a lot less well when occasional sandstorms affect the solar cells, reducing their efficiency. (para.6) 马斯达城外有一片太阳能光电发电厂，它是城市电力的重要来源。但当偶有沙漠来袭，就会大大影响太阳能电池工作，发电效率降低。* The behavioral regulations and controlled design that keep Masdar green might also limit the qualities that mark a living city not to mention potential residents who might not want to follow such strict rules. (para.7)行为规范和控制严格的设计能确保马斯达成为环保城市，但也会阻止它成为一座有生命的城市、限制其应具备的要素就更不用说某些居民可能并不愿遵守如此严格的规定。* No one knows the answer to the energy and climate challenges the planet faces, which is why experiments matter even the ones in the desert. (para.8)地球正面临着能源和气候危机，没人知道该怎么办。这就是多做尝试的重要性即便是哪些在沙漠中所做的尝试。2.2. Structural Analysis1. But I cant help thinking theres something slightly silly about all this. (para. 1)* The phrase cant help must be followed by -ing form.* Translate 看着这些照片，我禁不住想起了我大学时候的同学。 Looking at these pictures, I cant help thinking of my schoolmates/classmates back in universities. 2. It would be home to the Masdar Institute of Science and Technology. （para. 2）* “would be” in this sentence is a conditional structure in a grammatical sense.* Find more examples from paragraph 2.* Sentence completion:If you succeeded, you would become the first winner of the contest. If man were to solve this complicated problem, it would cost thousands of years.3. That design helps encourage energy conservation the cooler the city is, the less need for electricity-consuming air-conditioning. (para. 5)* The structure the more, the less means 越.，越. in Chinese.* Create two original sentences as examples. The more you think about it, the less likely you are to take action. More haste, less speed. 4. Most Abu Dhabi citizens are used to keeping their air-conditioning as low as 60F, but in Masdar. . . (para. 6)* The phrase “be used to doing” means 习惯于做某事 in Chinese. * The phrase “used to do” means 过去常常做某事 in Chinese.* Practice. I am used to shopping by myself/alone （习惯独自购物）. She is used to getting up early （习惯早起）. I used to walk after supper/dinner（我以前经常晚饭后散步）, but now I play basketball. She used to go traveling in/during holidays （她经常