美国社会与文化笔记归纳.doc

American Family1.The middle-aged people and elderly people generally live with their married children in America(F)2.The nuclear family is the fundamental family pattern in the United States now(T)3.In the post-civil war period,the African American family in the South was not only more nuclear,but also more male dominated(T)4.In America,The pre-industrial family is a kind of Democratic family(F)5.Mother and Father equally have the final say on family matters in most modern American families(T)6.Upper-class families dont aspire to be upwardly mobile because they are always there(T)7.What does a nuclear family consist of (B)A.parents and family kin or other members of the community B.it consists of parents and their dependent or minor children onlyC.it consists of two parents and their children8.Who takes care of the dependent children in a one-parent family in America?(C)A.The grandparents B.The governmentC.mother and father9.Many American children must develop self-dependent to adjust themselves to (C)A.their parents unhappy marriage B.the new lifestyle of American familyC.dramatic social and economic change in new century10.Which of the following is not the effects of the Womens Liberation movement in the 1960s(B)A.women should have the same social and economic rights and priviledges as menB.women should go out to start their own business instead of staying at home to take care of their childrenC.women should obtained many political and legal rights previously open to men 11.Which of the following statements is not ture?(C)A.In America,individuals freely contracted marriage based on love in modern family patternB.In 19th century,children were largely used as labor force, making children earn a living was seen not only as economically necessary but also morally soundC.In African American family,the slave can choose their husbands and wives by themselvesAmerican Education1 The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by (D)A.Teachers B. Students C. headmasters D. boards of education 2 In the US school systems, which of the follow decision is true?(C)A.Elementary school, grammar school B.Elementary school, junior high schoolC.Elementary school, secondary school D.unior high school, senior high school 3 Three of the following universities have large endowments from wealthy benefactors . which is the exception?(B)A.Harvard university B.The state university of New YorkC.Yale university D.Princeton university4 Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except(A)A.Investment B. student tuition C endowments D government funding5 How many percent of American students go to public schools? (A)85% B. 65% C 50% D 25%6 American middle school system is consist if middle school and high school, the high school is divided into junior high school and senior high school. (T)7 The basic classes of middle school are math, English, PE, history, and health (T)8 Children start school when they are six years old, in some states they must stay in school until they are fifteen.(F)9.Parent do not have to pay for education of the public school, because the schools receive many from the government(T)10. Its false that most people stereotype the American middle school is easy to pass.(T)American labour1.From what we know of the original African families from which many black Americans came.(T)2.The Japanese worked hard for low pay and without complaining.(T)3.In the nineteenth century in Mexican American families Husbands raised cattle and wives tended the housework!(T)4.It was not until in the 1850s that working mens societies made a comeback.(T)Reason: Before 1860, union members never exceeded 1% of total labor force. From then on , labors has risen up5.In the United States, the balance of power is different from other advanced industrial nations. Its true?(T)Reason: in the US, the power is clearly in favor of the employers. So, most of them look after business interests first, welfare of labor.6.The AFL-CIO is especially connected with global trade issue.(T)7.National Labor Relations Board isnt an independent federal agency.(F)8.What did the workers want to gain in the labor movement?A: material status and social status9.Which law became the first law to prohibit racial discrimination?(B)A. Taft-Hartley Act B. Fair Employment Act C. National Labor or Relations Act10.Which one is not American national trade union organizations?(D)A. AFL-CIO B. IWW (Industrial Workers of the World C. Ctw (Change to Win Federation) D. ILD (International Labor Organization)American values and characteristicsQuestion: true or false for American values and characteristics1 In 1863, Abraham Lincoln issued the famous Emancipation Proclamation to ablish the slavery。（T）2 Abraham Lincoln was the 15th president of the United States.(F)3 All men are created equal is quoted from the Declaration of Independence.(T)4 The Gold Rush reflected Americans value on money.(F)5 Although Americans are very independent , its rare that young adults pay their parents for room and board.(F)6 Americans generally avoid the relationships of mutual dependence because of their self-help initiative.(T)7 Americans actually have more interest in longer-term future than near-term future.(F)8 In America, very few children are raised to believe that their personal destiny is to serve their family , their country or their God.(T)9 Americans are even more informal and casual than the west Europeans.(T)10 To American, they prefer to cooperate with each other rather than compete with each other.(F)American Women1 As quoted in an eighteen-century newspaper, one woman tried to summarize the role expected of her in the pre-revolutionary era:” I am married, and I have no other concern but to please the man I love; he is the end of every care I have; if I dress, it is for him; if I read a poem, or a play, it is to qualify myself for a conversation agreeable to his taste.” What can we learn from this sentence?Answer: Growing up in this male-oriented society for women could mean only one thing-submitting themselves to their male partners at the expense of their own development.2 After the American War for Independence, as the traditional idea about womens “place” was so deeply rooted in peoples mind, few men at that time could envision women playing significant political and social roles in the newly born republic. Whats the role?Answer: Republican mothers, who would instruct their children in the principles of liberty and republicanism.3 To this new role of “guardians of virtue”, American women have three different responses. What are them?Answer: 1 Many women welcomed this redefinition of womens sphere, because they believed it bolstered their social identity. 2 For others, the new role seems to narrow, rather than expand, womens sphere, thus limiting the potential of their own development as well as their potential contribution to the country.3 For still others, a separate sphere of action was acceptable, but they insisted on the equality of male and female world. Basic facts1 How many contiguous states on the North American continents?a. 48 b. 47 c. 462. Which state is the largest state of America?a. Hawaii b. Alaska c .California3. Where and when did the first resident of the United States ?a. Asia, 1500 years ago b. Europe, 1400years agoc. Africa, 1500years ago 4. In 1492, who was the first European to reach the Caribbean island, making first contact with the indigenous people?a. Ferrdinand Magellan b. Vasco Dagamac. Christopher Columbus5. When is the Americas Independence Day?a. June 4, 1775 b. July 4, 1776 c. April 4, 1776(T) 6. George Washington was the first president of United States, taking place in 1789. (F) 7. The American Civil War was from 1861 to 1864.(T) 8. Lincolns Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 declared slaves in the Confederacy to be free.(T) 9. The 1867 Alaska Purchase from Russia completed the countrys mainland expansion .(T) 10. The African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955-1968) refers to the movements in the United States aimed at outlawing racial discrimination. Economy1：The first factory in the VS was a cotton textile mill T2: The VS economy suffered severely from 2 world wars F3: American industries were balanced located F4: Which of the following is the automobile manufacturing centre of America? A: Houston B: LA C: Detroit D: New York (C)5: Which of following is not considered as a part of service industry? A: Banking B: Airline C: Steelmaking (C)6: Which of the following is Americas biggest pubic debt foreign holder? A: Japan B: China C： Britain (B)7: Which of the following is the oldest stockindex of America? A: NASDAQ B: donjons C: Standard and poors (B)8: Which of the following is Americas biggest trade partner? A: Canada B: Europe C: China D: Japan (B)9: Whats the poverty stand of a single man in America? A: less than 9500dollors a year B: less than 1000dollors a year C: less than 5000dollors a year D: less than 10000dollors a year10: There are no Stateowned enterprise in America. (F)Law and judicia1, the Supreme Court is composed of a chief justice and nine associate justices. (F)2, the US Supreme Court has jurisdiction in “all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls and those in which a state shall be a party”. (T)3, for the US citizens, the state courts are more important than the federal courts. (T)4, Americans distrust on lawyers, so they depend on them little. (T)5, someone who has graduate from the best law school also needs to pass the bar examination. (T)1, the US courts operate at separate _and_ levels and have their own areas of authority. (Federal state)2, the federal judicial system consist of three levels of courts:1_ 2_ 3_(1, the United States district courts; 2, the United States Courts of Appeal; 3, the United States Supreme of Courts)3, the sources of contemporary US law mainly come from _, _, _.(The common law, the statute law, the doctrine)4 Name five kinds of crimes and list the reasons.(Murder, rape, robbery, burglary, theft. Poverty, lack of education; unstable family; unemployment; violent movies; drugs, availability of guns)5 List the reasons why Americans are so divided over the death penalty .Political System1 When is the U.S. constitution drafted? A.1786 B.1787 C.1788 D.17892 What is the central figure in the American Political System? A.The president B.The congress C.The supreme court3 What is the first constitutional official document in American history? A.Homestead Act B.The Emancipation Proclamation C.United States Declaration of Independence D.Articles of Confederation4 Which one has the right to declare a war in America? A.The Congress B.The president C.The supreme court 5 Which kind of animal stands for Democratic Party? A.Elephant B.Donkey C.EagleThe U.S. Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world.The United States is federal constitution republic country as soon as it was founded.America political party system is a two-party system.The Founding Fathers did not include women, blacks, Indians and youths under18 in the people.The United States became the first colonial possession to achieve independence from the mother country British Empire.KEY: Part.1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B Part.1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.TSports and entertainment1 When did the National Basketball Association establishes? 19502 In the regular season of basketball, how many matches should each team play? 823 In American professional play, athletes should try to score with in 24 seconds, 35 seconds in collegiate game, 30 seconds in international play. T4 In the football game, runners become famous earily, while those teammates who protected him from the rushing defensive players are unknown. T5 In the football game, each team have 3 times to call stop. F6 Hollywood is located in California, and it is part of Los Angeles. T7 _had become one of the highest-paid actresses in the world, topping the hollywood Reporters annual power list of top-earning female star from 2002 to 2006. Julia Fiona Roberts8 Who was the king of pop? Micheal Joseph Jackson9 Which city is called the entertainment capitaL of the world? Las Vegas10 What does Snakemean in surfing? when a surfer who doesnt have the right of way, steals a wave from another surfer.Religion(B) 1. Which of the following was not a protestant denomination? A the Baptists B the Cathol