Unit 8 发给学生学习资料.doc

Unit 8 Section ITask 2Suggested answers to the questions1. Thesis: how to prepare for an interview. Readers are able to know how to prepare for an interview by the end of the essay.2. Three steps. Doing advance research, choosing the right outfit, and planning appropriate communication with the interviewer.3. Yes. The order is effective because chronological order is followed and logical transitions are used.4. Yes. In conclusion, the writer states why knowing about this process is important, i.e. and increases the chance of making a good impression.5. First, the writer gives an effective introduction by providing the general steps of preparing for an interview. Then three body paragraphs give details of each step. And in the conclusion, the writer gives a summary and offers the reader a bright future.TASK 4Suggested answers Feeling comfortable. First, before you go to the party, you should buy a small gift such as flowers, candy, or wine for your host or hostess. Second, arrive on time. If the dinner engagement is for 7:00, dont arrive after 7:15 without calling. Next, during dinner, be sure to compliment your host or hostess on the meal. After you finish eating, you should not stay more than a few hours. Finally, thank your host or hostess for the dinner when you leave.TASK 5Suggested answers1 First step: gather all the saleable items - things not badly broken - things most worthless - toys and tools2. Second steps: clean this junk up3. Third step: display the things properly - get lots of tables - arrange things attractively4. Fourth step: price - price the things to move - advertise5. Last step: pamper your customers - provide grocery bags - serve coffeeTASK 6 Suggested answers 1. b 2. aTASK 8 Suggested answers23154Rain is formed in the following way: First, water evaporates. The water vapor is carried upward by the wind and then cools. The rising-cooling process continues until the air can no longer hold the vapor. Finally, the water vapor condenses into drops and fails as rain.TASK 9Suggested answerOnce you have finished cutting, the next step involves the fine art of “ manicuring” the lawn so that it looks professional - using the weed eater, edger, and trimmer. To begin with, cut around all the shrubs with the weed eater - making sure, of course, that you dont let it eat any nearby flowers as well. To make the edge of the floor beds look really good, turn the weed eater so that it is perpendicular or at right angles to the ground and cut a little trench around the floor beds. Next, get the edge and trim around the sidewalks. This makes the grass seem higher and gives the yard a finished look. The final part of manicuring the lawn is shaping and trimming the hedges. Use your yardstick and measure as you trim so that you dont end up with totally uneven hedges, as I did on my first - and last - job for one customer.TASK 11A sample essayPumping Iron Students of high school and college age are often dissatisfied with their appearance. They see actors and models on television and in magazines, and they want to be thinner, stronger, or better looking. Sometimes this quest for perfection gets young adult into trouble, lead them to eating disorders or drug use. A healthier way to improve your appearance is through a weight-training program, which can increase not only your strength but also your self-esteem. If you want to avoid injury, you should begin gradually. In the first week, you might lift only two days, concentrating on thigh and calf muscles in the lower body and triceps, biceps, chest, back, and shoulders in the upper body. Four the next three or four weeks, lift three days a week, adding more exercises each week. By the fourth week, you will probably start to feel stronger. At this point, you can begin a four-day lifting program, which many experts believes is the most productive and shows the best results. On Monday and Thursday, concentrate on your upper body. Begin with the bench press ( to work chest muscles) and then move on to the military press ( for the shoulders). After that, work your back muscles with the lat(=latitude) pull-down exercise on the universal machine and some heavy and light weight dead lifts Finally, concentrate on your arms, doing bicep curls, tricep extensions, and wrist curls ( for the forearms). To cool down, do a few sets of sit-ups. On Tuesday and Friday, focus on your lower body with a leg workout. Start with the weight-gaining bulk exercise, the leg press. Always begin your workout with your most strenuous exercise, which is usually the exercise that works the largest muscles.) Next, do some leg extensions to built the thigh muscles in the front of your leg, and then move on to leg curls to strengthen your hamstring muscles. After that, do calf raises to work your calf muscles. When you are finished, be sure to stretch all the major muscles to prevent tightness and injuries. Of course, a balanced weight-training program involves more than just lifting weights. During your weight training, you should eat four high-protein/high-carbohydrate meals a day, limiting fat and eating four or five servings of fruit and vegetables daily. You should also monitor your progress carefully, paying attention to your bodys aches and pains and consulting a professional trainer when necessary - especially if you think you may have injured yourself. Above all, dont let your weight-training regimen take over your life. If you integrate it into the rest of your life, a weight-training program can make you look and feel terrible.SECTION 2 EXPOSITION BY CAUSE AND EFFECTPART I LEAD-INPurpose; This part serves as unit orientation, the purpose of which is to re-active students existing knowledge and experience in the related area so as to get them actively involved in the process of teacher, which emphasizes exposition by cause-effect. Lead-in activity should take no more 30 minutes.TASK 1SuggestionsAsk the students first to brainstorm individually. Then each student takes turns to present the cause/effect analysis orally to the group. The students work together to assess the effectiveness of the analysis. On the basis of group discussion, provide details for each cause/effect and then create a sentence outline.Task 2 Suggested answers to the questions1. The very techniques that make news exciting and interesting also make it coverage superficial, thereby leaving us no better informed.2. He uses a question to arouse the readers curiosity first. And then he uses an analogy (drug addiction) to dramatize his point. The introduction indicates to the reader that he is going to rely primarily on a cause-and-effect analysis in order to establish this thesis.3. Two causes: (1) the direct impact that news happens have on us and (2) the show business techniques used to present news.4. The causes are offered in the order of importance. The writer manages to reach a climax by focusing on the primary reason, which supports his thesis forcefully.5. The writer states his real purpose of giving a cause-and-effect analysis: The news that hooks us actually does not keep us fully informed.Task 4 Suggested answerThe conclusion first referred to the effect ( student apathy) and then show what the writer planned to do about the situation.Task 5 Suggested answersSeveral factors might explain my roommate Sandra Millers poor health. First of all, Sandra seldom eats properly. Her favorite food are pizza, potato chips, cookies, and candy bars. Second, she gets little exercise. She also seldom gets enough rest. She works late into the night and gets up early. She has, moreover, several bad habits such as excessive smoking and coffee drinking that make her nervous. But the most important cause of Sandras ill health is probably her job. She feels a great deal of stress and can not joy her work because she has too much to do. She never has enough time to answer all her mail, return all her phone calls, and write all her reports.Task 6Suggested answers1. Beautiful city- glass skyscrapers- old stone buildings- parks and squares2. Cultural life- concerts- Broadway plays- new films3. Light entertainment- restaurants- nightclubs- cabarets (卡巴来舞曲)- discotheques (迪斯科舞厅)4. the diversity of people- largest tourist population- colorful ethnic neighborhoodsTask 7Suggested answersa. d.Famine, a serious problem today and in the past, has several different causes. One is drought. In 1967, a severe drought resulted in many death in India. Too much rainfall is another case. In 1813, Poland suffered through a terrible famine because of weeks of continuous rain. Famine may also result from pests. Swarms of ants, for instance, attacked Indias crops in 1791, and rats are responsible today for eating much of their stored grain. Locusts, another common pest, cause starvation all over the world, especially in Africa, India, and China. In addition, famine can occur when a plant disease destroys the main food supply. Almost 750,000 people starved to death in Ireland in the 1840s because of a potato disease. The major reason for widespread starvation, however, is war. In wartime, people are fighting instead of working in the fields. The enemy may bomb food storehouses and blow up roads so that food cannot be transported. The situation in Biafra(尼日利亚 比夫拉) in the 1960s, Bangladash in the 1970s, and Ethiopia in 1980s are modern examples of an old problem.Task 8 Suggested answerAnother quality of my parents marriage is that they remain committed to each other, even during difficult times. Early in their marriage Dad was sent overseas. He was a communications specialist in the Vietnam War. Dad wrote to home when he could, but he didnt see Mom for nine months. Mom was home alone. Sometimes her single coworkers would encourage her to go out with them and have a good time, but Mom declined. When I asked her why she didnt, she told me that she had made a commitment to my father, and she was living in that commitment. Meanwhile, thousands of miles away, Dad was living up to the same commitment. When they were reunited, they had nothing to be ashamed of and nothing to be angry with each other about. I have come to believe that their absolute commitment to each other is, more than anything else, what has caused their marriage to work.Task 10A sample essayWhy I Enjoyed Being a School Bus Driver?Often when two people are introduced, they initiate conversation by inquiring about each others occupation. For six years my answer to that question produced raised eyebrow and caused my new acquaintances to exclaim, “You couldnt pay me enough to do that job!” Then I would explain that driving a school bus had rewards other than the usual monetary compensation: mastering a machine, enjoying nature, and participating in childrens lives. Achieving control of the school bus w