汽车维护Vehicle maintenance 汽车修理Vehicle repair.doc

汽车维护Vehicle maintenance 汽车修理Vehicle repair汽车维修制度System of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车维修性Maintainability of vehicle汽车技术状况Technical Condition of Vehicle汽车完好技术状况Good condition of vehicle汽车不良状况Bad condition of vehicle汽车工作能力Working ability of vehicle汽车技术状况参数Parameters for technical condition of vehicle汽车极限技术状况Limiting condition of vehicle汽车技术状况变化规律Regularity for change of technical condition of vehicle运行缺陷Operational defect制造缺陷Manufacturing defect设计缺陷Design defect事故性缺陷Accidental defect汽车耗损Vehicle wear-out汽车零件磨损Wear of vehicle part磨损过程Wear process正常磨损Normal wear极限磨损Limiting wear允许磨损Permissible wear磨损率Wear rate机械磨损Mechanical wear化学损耗Chemical wear热磨损Thermic wear疲劳磨损Fatigue wear腐蚀性磨损Corrosion wear故障磨损Failure wear故障Malfunctioning断裂Breakdown损坏Damage更换（零件）Replacing擦伤Scratching刮伤Scoring点蚀Pitting粘附Adhesion咬粘Seizure烧伤Burning穴蚀Cavitation老化Aging疲劳 Fatigue 变形Deformation缺陷Defect汽车故障Vehicle failure完全故障Complete failure局部故障Partial failure致命故障Critical failure严重故障Major failure一般故障Minor failure汽车故障现象Symptom of vehicle failure抢气Mixture robbery呛油Fuel fouling盘车Turning飞车Run way工作粗暴Rough running早燃Preignition回火Back fire自燃现象Dieseling (after run)爆震（爆燃）Detonation火花（点火）爆燃Spark knock燃料爆燃Fuel knock (gas knock)不发火（不点火）Misfiring调速不匀Hunting过度停顿Flat spot调速器工作不匀Governor hunting回流Backflow窜气Blow-by稀释Dilution滤清器阻塞Clogged filter润滑超量Overlubrication（气缸）上油Oil pumping（柴油喷射系）渗漏滴油After dripping（燃料系）气阻Vapor lock结胶Gum deposit敲缸Knock拉缸Cylinder score咬缸Cylinder sticking轴颈擦伤Journal score刮伤Scuff拉瓦Bearing score（化油器）汽湿现象Percolation化油器结冰Carburetor icing活塞敲缸Piston knock (piston slap)活塞裙部挤扁Collapse of piston skirt气门挺杆发响Tappet noise (valve knock)气门弹簧颤动Valve spring surge（蓄电池）硫化Sulphation（蓄电池）过度放电Over discharge（火花塞）铅沉积Lead fouling（火花塞）积碳Carbon fouling真空提前失效Defective vacuum advance高压线跳火错乱Secondary wire crossfiring转向反冲Steering kickback离合器炸裂Clutch explosion制动踏板发软Spongy brake pedal制动踏板费力Hard pedal制动器发响Noisy brake制动踏板过低Low brake pedal制动盘摆动Disc runout制动失效Brake fade减振器失效Defective shock absorber轮胎烧耗Burn rubber轮胎急速磨耗Peel rubber漂滑效应Hydro-planning (aqua-planning)（由于紧急制动）紧急滑行Impending skid充气不足Under-inflation异响Abnormal knocking泄漏Leakage过热Overheat失控Out of control乏力Lack of power污染超限Illegal exhaust and noise费油Excessive consumption of fuel and oil振抖Fluttering故障率Failure rate平均故障率的观察值Observed mean failure rate故障树型分析法Fault tree analysis汽车维护类别Class of vehicle maintenance定期维护Periodic maintenance季节性维护Seasonal maintenance技术保养Technical service清洗Washing技术检查Check-up保养周期Service cycle保养里程Mileage between services每日保养Daily service防护Preserving冬季保养Winter check-up夏季保养Summer check-up走合维护Running-in maintenance汽车修理类别Class of vehicle repair汽车大修Major repair of vehicle汽车中修Medium repair of vehicle汽车小修Current repair of vehicle总成修理Unit repair零件修理Parts repair计划修理Scheduled repair定期修理Regulating repair视情修理Repair on technical condition非计划修理Unscheduled repair修复Reconditioning修理里程Mileage between repair拆开Separating拆下Withdrawing拆卸Disassembling校正Aligning装配Fitting重新装配Reassembling调整Adjusting单独修理Individual repair汽车报废Motor vehicle liquidation报废Scrapping汽车维护工艺Technology of Vehicle Maintenance汽车维护作业Operation of vehicle maintenance汽车维护工艺过程Technological process of vehicle maintenance汽车修理工艺Technology of vehicle repair汽车修理工艺过程Technological process of vehicle repair技术检验Technical checking检视Inspection 零件检验分类Inspection and classification of parts走合，磨合Running-in冷磨合Cold running-in热磨合Hot running-in修理尺寸Repair size走（磨）合期Running-in period走（磨）合过程Running-in process走（磨）合工况Running-in conditions加速磨损期Period of accelerated wear极限间隙Limiting clearance允许间隙Permissible clearance装配间隙Assembling clearance汽车维修工艺设备Technological equipment of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车修理技术标准Technical standard of vehicle repair汽车诊断 Vehicle diagnosis汽车检测Detecting test of vehicle诊断参数Diagnostic parameters诊断规范Diagnostic norms汽车维修管理Administration of Vehicle Maintenance汽车维护方法Method of vehicle maintenance汽车维护流水作业法Flow method of vehicle maintenance汽车维护定位作业法Method of vehicle maintenance on universal post汽车修理方法Method of vehicle repair汽车修理流水作业法Flow method of vehicle repair汽车修理定位作业法Method of vehicle repair on universal post总成互换修理法Unit exchange repairing method周转总成Reversible unit混装修理法Depersonalized repair method就车修理法Personalized repair method汽车维修指标Indices of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车维护生产纲领Production program of vehicle maintenance汽车修理生产纲要Production program of vehicle repair汽车维修周期Period of vehicle maintenance汽车诊断周期Period of vehicle diagnosis汽车维修竣工辆次Number of vehicle being received from maintenance or repair汽车大修平均在厂车日Average days in plant during major of vehicles汽车大修平均在修车日Average days during major repair of vehicles汽车大修平均工时Average man-hours of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车维修平均费用Average costs of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车大修返修率Returning rate of major repair of vehicle汽车小修频率Frequency of current repair of vehicles汽车大修间隔里程Average interval mileage of major repair of vehicles汽车修理工人实物劳动生产率Labour productivity of repair-man汽车维护企业Enterprise of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车维护场（站）Maintenance depot (station) of vehicles汽车停车场（库）Park汽车修理厂Vehicle repair plant汽车总成修理厂Unit repair plant for vehicle汽车诊断站Vehicle diagnosis station汽车检测站Detecting test station of vehicle汽车维修网点Network of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车维修工具和设备Instrument and Device for Vehicle Maintenance and Repair螺丝刀Screwdriver花扳手Ring spanner锉刀File双头扳手Double-ended spanner鲤鱼钳Combination pilers轮胎螺栓扳手Wheel wrench厚度规Feeler gauge杆式气缸量规Bar-type cylinder gauge气缸压力表Cylinder compressor gauge活塞台钳Piston vice活塞加热器Piston heater活塞环工具Piston ring tool活塞环钳（活塞环拆装钳）Piston ring pliers (piston ring tongs)压环器Piston ring compressor活塞环锉Piston ring file活塞销拉器Piston-pin extractor连杆校正器Connecting rod alignment fixture气门座刀具Valve seat cutter气门弹簧压缩器Valve spring compressor气门研磨工具Valve grinding tool (valve lapper)调整气门间隙扳手Tappet wrench浮子室液面仪Float level gauge歧管压力表Manifold pressure gauge set点火正时灯（正时观测灯）Ignition timing light (stroboscope)燃烧分析仪Combustion tester断电器触点闭合角Dwell meter火花塞间隙量规Plug gap gauge火花塞套筒扳手Spark plug box (socket) spanner蓄电池液体比重计Battery hydrometer汽车架Car stand (jack stand)轮轴架Axle stand前束量尺Toe-in gauge外倾测量器Camber gauge制动踏板压下器Brake depressor制动器放气软管Hose for brake bleeding车架量规Frame gauge轮毂拆卸器Hub puller车轮拆卸器Wheel wrench拆装轮胎用撬杠Tire-lever打气筒Tire pump螺旋千斤顶Screw jack轮胎压力计Pressure gauge油壶Oil can手油泵Manual fuel pump黄油枪Grease gun起动摇把Starting crank工具袋Tool bag车身修整工具Body bumping tool发动机测功机Engine dynamometer发动机综合试验机Engine analyzer发动机示波器Engine scope (oscillograph)电子诊断式发动机试验仪Electronic-diagnostic engine tester滚筒式测功试验台Roller type dynamometer (test bed)发动机加速测功仪Free acceleration engine tester容积式油耗计Volumetric fuel meter红外线废气分析仪Infrared rays exhaust gas analyzer异响诊断仪Abnormal engine noise diagnosis equipment气缸漏气率检验仪Cylinder leak tester发动机分析仪Engine analysis apparatus进气歧管真空度表Intake manifold vacuum meter气缸压力表Cylinder pressure gauge调整用的试验检测仪Tune-up tester底盘测功机Chassis dynamometer底盘润滑机Chassis lubricator曲轴箱窜气量测定仪Blow-by meter反作用力制动试验台Reaction type brake tester惯性式制动试验台Inertia type brake tester转向盘间隙测量仪Steering wheel freeplay gauge测滑试验台Side-slip checking stand前照灯检验仪Head light checking equipment气缸孔垂直检验仪Cylinder perpendicularity gauge主轴承座孔同轴度检验仪Main bearing aligning gauge移动式车轮平衡机Portable wheel balancer固定式车轮平衡机Wheel balancer车轮动平衡机Dynamic wheel balancer镗缸机Cylinder boring machine气缸珩磨机Cylinder honing machine直线镗削机Line borer气门修整机Valve reseater（活塞）销孔珩磨机Pinhole honer曲轴磨床Crankshaft grinding machine气门研磨机Valve grinding machine气门面磨光机Valve refacer气门座磨光机Valve seat grinder气门座偏心磨光机Eccentric valve seat grinder研磨机Lapping machine电子点火试验器Electronic ignition tester点火线圈试验器Ignition coil tester氖管火花试验器Neon spark tester电容器试验器Condenser tester电枢试验器Armature tester制动盘专用车床Disc lathe制动蹄片磨削装置Brake shoe grinder制动鼓车床Brake drum lathe制动液自动更换装置Brake flusher（液压）制动系空气排除器Brake bleeder引擎机动力改装部分： 进气管=Intake空气过滤器=冬菇头=air filter排气管=尾喉/死气喉=Exhause消音器=mufeler机油冷却器=oil cooler火花塞=火嘴=spark plug火嘴线=spark plug wires阀门=滑老=valve滑轮=pully活塞=piston曲轴=crankshaft凸轮轴=cam shaft气门弹簧=滑老弹弓=valve spring涡轮增压=turbo charger机械增压=super charger中冷=inter cooler放气阀门=放气滑老=blow-off valve废气阀门=wastgate压力控制器（怎么也想不出个的翻译）=水喉制=boost controller喷油嘴=大唧咀=Injector头批=down pipe行车电脑=ECU 制动悬挂部分：轮圈=车伶=Rim刹车碟=迫力碟=rotor活塞卡钳=鲍鱼=caliper刹车片=迫力皮/来令片=brake pad避震=suspention(避震分为 弹簧/弹弓=spring 和 减震桶=shock 两部分）整套避震又叫 coilover波子塔顶=Pillow Ball Top Mounts防倾杆=sway bar用在车里的加强杆=tower bar用在车底的加强杆=lower arm bar传动部分：末齿比=大尾牙=Final Drive差速器=LSD离合器=极力子=clutch飞轮=flywheel车身部分：大包围=bodykit（车头=front bumper, 车尾=rear bumper, 车别裙=side skirt)尾翼=sopiler车头盖=hood （两种不同材质：碳纤维=carbon fiber, 玻璃钢=firberglass）气门 Valve 顶置凸轮轴 Over Head Camshaft（OHC）顶置双凸轮轴 Double Over Head Camshaft（DOHC）或称Twin Camshaft直列四缸 Inline4水平对置发动机(Boxer Engine)四冲程汽油机(Reciprocating 4Stroke Cycle Engine)柴油机(Diesel Engine)转子发动机(Rotary Engine)气缸体(Cylinder Block)气缸套(Cylinder Liner)连杆(Connecting Rod)曲轴(Crank Shaft)油底壳(Oil Pan)活塞(Piston)活塞销(Piston Pin)活塞环(Piston Ring平衡机构(Balancer)气缸盖(Cylinder Head)进气门和排气门(Intake Valve/Exhaust Valve)气门座(Valve Seat)气门弹簧(Valve Spring)气门锁块(Cotter)气门间隙调节垫片(Shim)凸轮轴(Cams