初中英语总复习资料.doc

初中英语总复习资料初中英语总复习资料 精品讲义精品讲义 目目 录录 词汇词汇 6 一 名词 6 二 冠词 9 三 数词 11 四 代词 16 五 形容词 副词 19 六 介词 25 七 连词 26 重要的短语 句型和惯用法 一 重要的短语 句型和惯用法 一 27 重要的短语 句型和惯用法 二 重要的短语 句型和惯用法 二 29 情景交际英语情景交际英语 32 语法语法 34 动词的时态 上 35 动词的时态 下 36 动词的语态 47 动词的时态与语态的综合运用 51 情态动词 52 主谓一致 54 句子句子 58 句子 一 简单句 58 句子 二 宾语从句 61 句子 三 定语从句 66 句子 四 状语从句 69 句子 五 反义疑问句 72 考题分析考题分析 76 怎样做好完形填空 76 怎样做好阅读理解题 77 第 0 页 共 80 页 不规则动词表不规则动词表 现在式过去式过去分词 am iswasbeen arewerebeen baby sitbabysatbabysat becomebecamebecome bendbentbent beginbeganbegun bitebitbitten bleedbledbled blowblewblown breakbrokebroken bringbroughtbrought buildbuiltbuilt burnburnt burnedburnt burned buyboughtbought cancould catchcaughtcaught choosechosechosen comecamecome costcostcost cutcutcut digdugdug do doesdiddone drawdrewdrawn drinkdrankdrunk drivedrovedriven eatateeaten fallfellfallen feedfedfed feelfeltfelt fightfoughtfought findfoundfound flyflewflown forgetforgotforgotten freezefrozefrozen forgiveforgaveforgiven getgotgot givegavegiven gowentgone growgrewgrown has havehadhad hearheardheard hidehidhidden hithithit holdheldheld hurthurthurt 第 1 页 共 80 页 keepkeptkept knowknewknown laylaidlaid leapleapt leapedleapt leaped learnlearnt learnedlearnt learned leaveleftleft lendlentlent letletlet lielaylain lightlightedlighted loselostlost makemademade maymight meanmeantmeant meetmetmet paypaidpaid putputput readreadread retellretoldretold rideroderidden ringrangrung riseroserisen runranrun saysaidsaid seesawseen seeksoughtsought sellsoldsold sendsentsent setsetset shakeshookshaken shallshould shineshoneshone shootshotshot showshowedshown singsangsung sitsatsat sleepsleptslept smellsmeltsmelt speakspokespoken spellspeltspelt spendspentspent spreadspreadspread standstoodstood stealstolestolen stickstuckstuck swimswamswum 第 2 页 共 80 页 swingswungswung taketooktaken teachtaughttaught teartoretorn telltoldtold thinkthoughtthought throwthrewthrown treadtrodtrod trodden understandunderstoodunderstood upsetupsetupset wakewoke wakedwoken waked wearworeworn willwould winwonwon writewrotewritten 形容词形容词 第 1 页 共 80 页 any some a lot of lots of plenty of eg a lot of books 许多书 a lot of milk 许多牛奶 三 名词的所有格 1 s 所有格的构成 1 有生命的加 s 如 my brother s book Jack s cat the girl s pen 等 2 以 s 结尾加 如 girl s teachers 等 3 复合名词 词尾加 s 如 the President of the United States s car 美国总统的汽车 注意 当出现同位语时 s 一般加在同位语后 Eg This is my sister Mary s bag 这是我妹妹玛丽的包 4 一样东西为两人共有 只在后一个名词词尾加 s 如不共有 两个都要加 s 如 Tom and Peter s room 汤姆和彼得的房间 共有 Tom s and Peter s rooms 汤姆的房间和彼得的房间 不共有 6 表示某人家 店铺等生活 工作处所的所有格后的名词常省略 如 at Mr Wang s 在王先生家 at the tailor s 在裁缝店 at the barber s 在理发店 7 在 one 及 one body 和 some any no every 结合起来的复合词后 如 someone s book 这些代词和 else 连 用 s 应加在 else 后 如 somebody else s pencil 8 表示时间 距离 国家 城市等无生命的名词 也可以在词尾后加 s 或 以构成所有格 如 today s news ten minutes drive China s industry 等 2 of 名词 1 无生命 如 the windows of the room 房间的窗户 the cover of the dictionary 词典的封面 2 双重所有格 名词前有修饰词 如冠词 数词 不定代词或指示代词 a an one two some several a few many any no 等 如 a friend of my father s one of my father s friends 我父亲的一位朋友 注意 双重所有格与 of 所有格的不同 如 He is a friend of your father s 他是你父亲的一个朋友 强调你父亲的朋友不止一个 He is a friend of your father 他是你父亲的朋友 强调他对你父亲的友好 课堂练习课堂练习 1 You should take more Don t always sit at the desk busy doing your A exercise exercise B exercises exercises C exercises exercise D exercise exercises 2 Li Ling wants to be a singer She thinks it s an interesting A work B job C art D career 3 The now is that we have lots of to ask A problem questions B question problems C question problem D problem question 4 Mother brought me A a good news B a piece of news C many good news D two news 5 are going to come to my home tonight A My brother s three friend B My brother of three friends C Three my brother s friend D Three friends of my brother s 选择填空 1 Please remember to give the horse some tree A leafs B leaves C leaf D leave 2 Can we have some Yes please A banana B oranges C apple D pear 3 On the table there are five A tomatos B piece of tomatoes C tomatoes D tomato 第 2 页 共 80 页 4 Would you like tea No thanks I have drunk two A any bottles of orange B some bottles of orange C many bottles of oranges D few bottle of oranges 5 Can you give me A a tea B some cup of tea C a cup tea D a cup of tea 6 Tables are made of A wood B some woods C wooden D woods 7 There are sixty seven in our school A women s teacher B women teachers C woman teachers D women teacher 8 Is the broom under desk No it s under A the teacher s my B teacher s mine C teacher s me D the teacher s mine 9 The football under the bed is A Lily and Lucy B Lily s and Lucy s C Lily s and Lucy D Lily and Lucy s 10 This is a book of A Tom B Tom s C her D him 课后练习课后练习 翻译 两个男工人 两个小孩 一瓶牛奶 三张纸 女医生们 两箱书 1 In the picture there are many and two A sheep foxes B sheeps fox C sheeps foxes D sheep foxs 2 In Britain are all painted red A letter boxes B letters boxes C letter box D letters box 3 There are four and two in the group A Japanese Germen B Japaneses Germen C Japanese Germans D Japanese Germens 4 She was born in Wuhan but Beijing has become her second A home B family C house D country 5 Mother brought me A a good news B a piece of news C many good news D two news 6 March 8th is Day A Woman s B Women s C Womans D Women 7 On the table there are five A tomatos B piece of tomatoes C tomatoes D tomato 8 There are three in our class A Zhou s B Zhous C Zhous D Zhous s 9 It s about ten walk A minute s B minutes C minute D minutes 10 This room is A Bill and David s B Bill s and David s C Bills and David s D Bill and David 11 Please remember to give the horse some tree A leafs B leaves C leaf D leave 12 Can we have some Yes please A banana B oranges C apple D pear 13 They got much from those new books A ideas B photos C information D stories 14 What lovely weather it is A B the C an D a 15 Would you like tea No thanks I have drunk two A any bottles of orange B some bottles of orange C many bottles of oranges D few bottle of oranges 第 3 页 共 80 页 二 冠词二 冠词 冠词是词汇中的基础的 也是简单的部分 所以同学们有必要掌握其基本用法 归纳起来 同学们应该掌握 以下几点 1 冠词指不定冠词 a an 和定冠词 the 2 不定冠词 an 常用于元音发音开头的词前 如 an hour an English car 请区别 a useful machine 3 指上文提到过的人或物 用定冠词 the 4 在世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词 the 如 the sun the moon the earth 5 定冠词 the 用于序数词前 表示方位的名词和形容词最高级前 如 the first the best in the south 6 在复数姓氏前加 the 表示 一家人 常看成复数 如 The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer 7 在介词短语中常用定冠词 the 如 in the box behind the chair 8 特别注意不能用定冠词 the 的几个方面 1 在节日 星期 月份 季节 年等词前不用冠词 如 in summer in August 请区别 in the spring of 1945 这里表示特指 故加 the 2 一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词 如 have breakfast play football 3 一些固定词组中 如 go to bed go to school by bus at night 9 在有些词组中 有冠词和无冠词意思不同 请注意区别 in front of 在 前面 in the hospital 在医院里 in the front of 在 范围内的前部 in hospital 生病 住院 第 4 页 共 80 页 练习练习 1 There s 800 metre long road behind hospital A an an B a a C an the D a the 2 After school we usually play basketball for half an hour on playground A the the B 不填 不填 C 不填 the D the 不填 3 I really like book you lent me yesterday A a B an C the D 不填 4 Jimmy bought car yesterday but it s used one A a a B a an C a the D the an 5 What exciting news it is Is news true A an the B an a C the D a 6 I just have cup of milk for breakfast That s not enough A a a B the the C a 不填 6 Sandy often takes her dog for walk around the lake after supper A a B an C the D 不填 7 Why do you like Mary Because she is honest girl A a B an C the 8 Who s young man with long hair He s a friend of mine A aB theC anD his 9 In Nanjing we stayed at a very nice hotel But I can t remember name of it A the B a C an D 10 It s not good idea to drive for four hours without break A a a B the the C a the D the a 11 On sunny afternoon my parents and I had a good time on the beach A the B an C a D 12 What sweet music Do you know who wrote it Beethoven I think A B a C an D the 13 How was dinner at Mike s house It was great Mike s mum is wonderful cook A a theB the aC the theD a an 14 Jack likes playing soccer but he doesn t like playing piano A B the C the the D the 15 How do you go to work I usually take bus A the a B a C a a D the 16 Jack started to work at early age because his family was very poor A a B an C the D 17 Which one is your mother one in a purple skirt under the big tree A A B An C The D 18 Mary has a bad cold She has to stay in bed A a B C the 19 Excuse me what s in box There s red apple and orange in it A a a an B a the the C the the a D the a an 20 There is umbrella near the window A the B an C a 第 5 页 共 80 页 三 数词三 数词 同学们首先应会读会写所有基数词和序数词 以及与数词有关的钟点表达法 基本的基数词 基本的基数词 1 one11 eleven100 one hundred 2 two12 twelve20 twenty1 000 one thousand 3 three13 thirteen30 thirty1 000 000 one million 4 four14 fourteen40 forty10 000 000 ten million 5 five15 fifteen50 fifty100 000 000 one hundred million 6 six16 sixteen60 sixty1 000 000 000 one billion 7 seven17 seventeen70 seventy 8 eight18 eighteen80 eighty 9 nine19 nineteen90 ninety 10 ten 基本的序数词 基本的序数词 第一到第十第十一到第十九第二十以上 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth thirtieth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth thousandth 月份 月份 名称拼写缩写名称拼写缩写 一月JanuaryJan 七月JulyJul 二月FebruaryFeb 八月AugustAug 三月MarchMar 九月SeptemberSept 四月AprilApr 十月OctoberOct 五月May 十一月NovemberNov 六月JuneJun 十二月DecemberDec 第 6 页 共 80 页 星期 星期 星期一 Monday 星期二 Tuesday 星期三 Wednesday 星期四 Thursday 星期五 Friday 星期六 Saturday 星期日 Sunday 季节 季节 spring 春季 summer 夏季 autumn 英 fall 美 秋季 winter 冬季 节日 节日 元旦 1 月 1 日 New Year s Day 情人节 2 月 14 日 St Valentine s Day Valentine s Day 狂欢节 巴西 二月中 下旬 Carnival 国际妇女节 3 月 8 日 International Women s Day 愚人节 4 月 1 日 Fool s Day 复活节 春分月圆后第一个星期日 Easter 国际劳动节 5 月 1 日 International Labour Day 母亲节 5 月的第二个星期日 Mothers Day 国际儿童节 6 月 1 日 International Children s Day 父亲节 6 月的第三个星期日 Fathers Day 啤酒节 德国十月节 10 月 10 日 Oktoberfest 鬼节 万圣节除夕 10 月 31 日夜 Halloween 万圣节 11 月 1 日 Hallowmas 感恩节 美国 11 月最后一个星期 4 Thanksgiving 圣诞除夕 12 月 24 日 Christmas Eve 圣诞节 12 月 25 日 Christmas Dad 新年除夕 12 月 31 日 New Year s Eve a bank holiday in many countries 中国主要节日中国主要节日 春节 农历一月一日 Spring Festival Chinese New Year 元宵节 农历一月十五日 the Lantern Festival 植树节 3 月 12 日 Arbor Day 清明节 4 月 5 日 Ching Ming Festival Tomb sweeping Festival 中国青年节 5 月 4 日 Chinese Youth Day 端午节 农历五月初五 the Dragon Boat Festival 中国共产党成立纪念日 7 月 1 日 the Party s Birthday 建军节 8 月 1 日 the Army s Day 中秋节 农历八月十五 Mid autumn Moon Festival 教师节 9 月 10 日 Teachers Day 重阳节 农历九月九日 Double ninth Day 国庆节 10 月 1 日 National Day 除夕 农历十二月三十日 New Year s Eve 第 7 页 共 80 页 数词的应用数词的应用 1 表编号表编号 结构 名词 首字母要大写 基数词 the 序数词 名词 Lesson One the first lesson 注 有些编号 一般仅用第一种表达法 Room 101 101 号房间 2 序数词前一般加定冠词序数词前一般加定冠词 the 但序数词前与不定冠词但序数词前与不定冠词 a an 连用时连用时 表示表示 又一又一 再一再一 You ve done it three times Why not try fourth time A a B an C the D 3 数词前加数词前加 every 表示每表示每 每隔每隔 every ten days every ninth day 每十天 每隔九天 注 every 基数词 复数名词 every 序数词 1 单数名词 4 基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄 1 表示年代 in the 年份的复数 在几世纪几十年代 在十九世纪七十年代 2 表年龄 in one s 整十的复数 表示在某人几十岁时 在他四十岁时 5 hundred thousand million billion 1 若 hundred thousand million billion 前有基数词时 其后不加 s 也不加 of 若没有时 既加 s 也要带 of Every year visitors come to China There are two students in our school A thousand B thousands C thousands of D thousand of 2 若其前有 a few many several 修饰时 通常用复数 后接 of 3 若名词前有 the 修饰时 用单数 后接 of Two the students in our school are from the countryside A hundred B hundred of C hundreds of D hundreds 6 几个半的表达法几个半的表达法 基数词 and a half 名词复数 基数词 名词 单数 复数 and a half two and a half hours two hours and a half 7 时刻表达法时刻表达法 1 整点 基数词 o clock 2 几点几分 A 直接读法 先读小时 后读分钟 3 25 three twenty five B 间接读法 a 30 分钟 分钟 past 小时 3 25 twenty five past three b 30 分钟 60 分钟 to 小时数 1 3 55 five to four c 30 分钟 half 15 分钟 a quarter 45 分钟 three quarters 3 30 half past three 3 15 a quarter past three 3 45 a quarter to four 8 日期表达法日期表达法 结构 1 月 日 年 日用序数词 年用基数词 注 年份的读法 先读前两位数 再读后两位数 读日时要加 the 1900 nineteen hundred 1807 eight and seven eight o seven 2008 two thousand eight 2007 年 3 月 21 日 March the twenty first two thousand and seven 2 日 月 年 the 序数词 of 月 年 2007 年 3 月 21 日 the twenty first of March two thousand and seven 9 分数词的表达法分数词的表达法 1 结构 a 分子用基数词 分母用序数词 b 当分子大于 1 时 分母加复数 3 4 three fourths three fourths 2 注意 第 8 页 共 80 页 a 分数词的几种特殊形式 1 3 one third a third 1 4 one fourth a quarter 1 2 one second a half 3 4 three fourths three quarters b 分数词作主语时 谓语动词根据分数词后面的名词来确定 Two fifths of the milk be drunk by Tom One third of the students be girls 练习题练习题 一 一 1 At the beginning of the twenty century the world s population was about 1700 million 2 Are these watch yours Yes 3 You don t look well You d better go to the doctor at once 4 Would you give me please A two papers B two piece of paper C two pieces of paper D two pieces of papers 5 There are three and seven in the picture A monkeys sheeps B monkeys sheep C monkies sheep D monkies sheeps 6 A lot of are talking with two A Germans Frenchmans B Germen Frenchmans C German Frenchmen D Germans Frenchmen 7 June 1 is A the Children s Day B the Childrens Day C Children s Day D Childrens Day 8 people went out to see what had happened A Thousands of B Three thousand of C Thousand of D Three thousands 9 We have been in the school for A three and a half month B three and a half months C three month and a half D three months and half 10 English is useful language A A an B a C The an D A 11 John was given orange bag for his birthday but bag was lost just now A an a B a the C the a D an the 12 There s old tree near house A a an B an the C a the D the a 13 There is 800 metre long road behind hospital A an an B a a C an the D a the 第 9 页 共 80 页 练习 二 练习 二 1 About of the workers in the factory were born in the A two thirds 1970 B two thirds 1970s C two third 1970 D two third 1970s 2 Each of us has to write a report every two weeks A two hundred word B two hundreds word C two hundreds words D two hundred words 3 Could you give me one more chance I ll try my best to succeed A two B the other C another 4 How long will Philip stay here Two weeks till he lives A many B much C more D most 5 Today is my mother s birthday I will buy her a gift A fourteenB fourteenthC fortyD fortieth 6 There is a wrong word in line Where In the line A two two B two second C second two D second second 7 How was your day off yesterday Perfect It was birthday of my grandma s We had a big family celebration A eighty B the eightieth C eightieth 8 There are sixty students in our class And of us are boys Wow You have forty girls A one fourth B one third C two fifths D two thirds 9 Good news Bill won medal in the long jump just now Really That s his one at our sports meeting A a four B an fourth C a fourth 10 A new study proves a walk every day is enough to keep people away from becoming fat A 30 minute B 30 minute s C 30 minutes 11 More than two years ago people knew little about the universe A thousands B thousand C thousand of D thousands of 12 Enshi is becoming a tourist city people come here during the holidays every year A Thousand of B Thousands of C Five thousands of D Five thousands 13 Father s Day is on Sunday of June A three B third C the third 14 Where does John live He lives on floor but he doesn t use a lift to go up and down A nine B the ninth C ninth D a ninth 15 of the students in our class money to the disabled people these days A Two third have raised B Two thirds has raised C Two three have raised D Two thirds have raised 16 visitors come to China every year A Thousands of B Ten thousands C Ten thousand of D Thousand of 第 10 页 共 80 页 四 代词四 代词 一 人称代词 主格 单数 I you he she it 复数 we you they 宾格 单数 me you him her it 复数 us you them 物主代词 形容词性 my your his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 反身代词 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 1 形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语 相当于一个形容词 名词性物主代词在句中可作表语 主语和宾语 相当于一个名词 2 注意名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系 是单数还是复数 如 These books aren t ours Ours are new 这里 ours our books This is not our room Ours is over there 这里 ours our room 3 of 名词性物主代词 表示所属 如 a sister of his 他的一个妹妹 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 4 人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 如 You she and I all enjoy the music 5 关于反身代词 同学们须掌握其固定结构 enjoy oneself have a good time 过得很愉快 by oneself alone 单独 独自 help oneself to 随便吃 喝 些 learn sth by oneself teach oneself sth 自学 练习题 1 Whose trousers are these I think A They B Their C Theirs D Them 2 Nobody taught English He taught A him himself B his himself C him by himself D his his 二 修饰可数名词 many few 表否定意义 a few 表肯定意义 修饰不数名词 much little 表否定意义 a little 表肯定意义 few 和 little 与 quite 或 only 连用时 常加不定 冠词 a 如 There are quite a few new books in the library 用 little a little few a few 填空 1 I often stay at home because I have friends here 2 Jim don t go and get some water There is water in the glass 3 Though he learned French only weeks He can speak very well 4 Lily had bread because she was hungry yesterday 三 不定代词 something anything nothing 当形容词修饰这三个不定代词时 常后置 如 something new There s in today s newspaper 中考题 A important anything B important something C anything important D something important 四 some every all both either another 1 some 一些 某 一般用于肯定句中 注 some 有时也可用于表示请求的疑问句中 any 任何 多用于疑问句和否定句 Will you give me some water Would you like some meat May I ask some questions Could I have some apples 2 every 单数名词 每一个 强调共性 作定语 形式上为单数 each 每一个 强调个性 作定语 主语 宾语和同位语 常与 of 连用 如 Each student was asked to try again Each of them has a nice skirt Every child likes playing games 3 all 全部 都 表示三者或三者以上 作同位语时 一般放在连系 助动词之后 行为动词之前 none 没有 表示三者或三者以上都不 后常跟介词 of 如 We are all from Canada All of us are from Canada None of us is are afraid of dogs 单 复数均可 4 both 两者 都 作主语时 看作复数 作定语时 后跟名词复数 第 11 页 共 80 页 either 两者中任何一个 作主语时 谓语用第三人称单数 作定语时 后跟名词单数 neither 两者 都不 含有否定意义 用法同 either 如 They both swim well Both of them swim well There are trees on both sides of the street There are trees on either side of the street Neither of us is going to Beijing next week Neither answer is right 5 another 单数名词 另一个 one the other 一个 另一个 the other 复数名词 the others 其他的人或物 指确定范围内剩下的全部 others 别人 五 疑问代词 5 个 wh 即 who whose whom what which 这里 which 是同学们不易掌握的内容 其实 同学们只须记住 对作定语的内容提问 常用 which 例如 I like the red shirt