BOOK 8 UNIT 1 A land of diversity导学案.doc

BOOK 8 UNIT 1 A land of diversity导学案Period 1 Warming up and ReadingPeriod 2 Learning about important language pointsPeriod 3 Learning about language: GrammarPeriod4 Using language: Extensive readingPeriod 5 writingPeriod 1 Warming up and ReadingTeaching aims（教学目的）Knowledge aims:1Get students to learn the useful words and expressions in this unit.strait, means, slavery, Spain, majority, Catholic, Mexico, immigration, percentage, Denmark, Danish, aircraft, Korea, Korean, Pakistan, Pakistani, mix, mixture, nationality, racial, the Bering, by means of, the Pacific Islands, make a life 2. Let students learn about the history and geography of USA;nationality and people; customs and culture. Ability aims:1Let students read the passage Martys Story to develop their reading ability.2Enable students to know that people with disabilities can also live well.Emotional aims：1. Help the Ss know about the history and geography of USA; nationality and people; customs and culture. 2. Develop students sense of cooperative learning.Teaching emphasis（教学重点）1. Develop students different reading abilities.2. Enable students to talk about the history and geography of USA;nationality and people; customs and culture. Teaching difficulties（教学难点）1.Let students learn more about the history and geography of USA;nationality and people; customs and culture. 2.Get students to learn different reading skills,especially the reading ability of understanding implied meaning of the author. Teaching &learning procedures (教学与学习过程)Step1. Preparing lessons &self-study and exploring the problems(Get the Ss to look through )Task1. Fill in the blankets according to the map.1.Ocean on the east coast _ 2.Ocean on the west cost _ 3.Country to the north of USA _ 4.Country to the south of USA _ 5.Mountains range in the west _ (answers:1. Atlantic Ocean;2. Pacific Ocean;3. Canada;4. Mexico;5. Rocky Mountains)说明：Warming-up and Pre-reading to do some exercises. The aim is to direct the students to understand the topic and to gain the useful information about the USA .Step2.Finishing plan & asking questionsTask1: Divide the passage into three parts according to the main idea of each part. Part1 ( ): Brief introduction to California.Part2 ( ): When and why people from different countries moved to California. Part3 ( ): The future of California. Task2: How many kinds of people are mentioned in Part 2? _Task3. Read the short passages at Page 1-3 and choose one from A,B,C and D for each exercise in the following.1. This passage is most likely to be taken from _. A. a newpaperB. a geography book C. a novelD. a travel brochure2. From the passage, we know that _.A.European and Jewish people came to see films in HollywoodB.People from Mexico came to work in the ship and aircraft industriesC.Indians and Pakistanis have made contributions to the Californian computer industryD.There will be major racial or cultural groups in California in the future3. Which event brought even large members of Chinese immigrants to California?A.to build the railway from W to E in the 1860sB.to make wine during the late 19th centuryC.to achieve their dreams during the Gold Rush Period D.to develop film industry in the 1920s4. What attract people from different parts of the world to still immigrate to California now?A.computer industry B.aircraft industryC.climate and lifestyle D. history and culture. 5. What does this passage mainly talk about?A.People living in California have different nationalities.B.California is the most attractive state of the US.C.The area of the California is larger than any other city of the US.D.California is a state consisting of various people from almost all over the world. (KEYS:BCACD)Step3.Researching cooperatively& answering questions(合作探究, 解决问题)Get the students to scan the passage-CALIFORNIA in groups and do the comprehensive exercises.(The aim of this part is mainly to improve the students reading skills.)1. Who were the first to arrive in California to rush for gold?_.2. When and why did the large number of Chinese immigrate to California?_3. What attracted people from different parts of the world to immigrate to California?_.Suggested answers:1.South Americans and people from the United States.2.During the gold rush period, many Chinese immigrated to California to achieve their dream of becoming rich, and in the 1860s, a large number of Chinese went there to build the railway from the west to east coast.3.The temperate climate, the modern lifestyle and its diverse cultures attracted immigrates to California.说明：Ask the students to read the passage again and finish Task3 in groups. The purpose is to improve the students ability of looking for useful information.Step4: Detailed reading & improving skillsTasks: Ask the Ss to finish the comprehensive exercises (1-3) in the book Answer key for exercise 1 on page 3:Ex1. 15,000 years ago: First settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America. These people are now known as Native Americans.16th century: Spanish soldiers arrived in South America.1821: California became part of Mexico.1846: The US declared war on Mexico.1848: Gold was discovered in California.1850: California became the 31 st state of the US.Ex 2. Spanish: in the early 16th century Russians: early 1800s Africans: 1800s Chinese: late 1840s/early 1850s Halians: in the late 19th centuryDanish: 1911 Jewish: 1920sJapanese: beginning of the 20th century Koreans: from about the 1970sCambodians: from about the 1970s Vietnamese: in more recent decadesPakistanis: from about the 1970sEx 3 :.Discussion-(knowledge output) Why is California such a multicultural community? Explain in your own words.Write three or four sentences._.Step5:Summing &chewing, summarizing knowledge（总结反刍 ，知识梳理）Task: Get the students to find the following sentences in the passage and learn the usages of them.1However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，美洲土著人很可能在15 000年前就在加州生活着。2Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States.二百年后，西班牙人定居在南美洲大多数地区以及现在美国的西北沿海。3That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second Get the Ss to find ,analyze and learn the long-complex sentences .language.这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。4Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了，但是更大批量的移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。5It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人们相信过不了多久国籍间相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有明显的种族或文化团体，而仅仅是一个种族和文化的混合体。Step6. Assessment & Homework（课堂检测）Get the students to finish all the new phrases in the passage.【paragraph 1】1.第三大州 2.人口最多3.有的特征 4.多元文化的5.继续存在 6.文化的多样性【paragraph 2】1.好像 2.穿越北极的白令海峡3.借助大陆桥 4.在史前时期5.受了很多苦 6.被迫成为奴隶7.艰难度过这些恐怖时期【paragraph 3-5】1 和打仗 2 大部分人3 (牧师的)职责 4. 传授天主教5.向墨西哥宣战 6 第一批到达的人 7 实现他们的梦想 8 谋生 9. 尽管很艰苦Step 7 : Reflection after teaching（教后反思）_.Period 2 Learning about important language pointsTeaching aimsLet students learn the usage of the following words and expressions:live on, by means of, majority, make a life , elect , percentage , keep up ,etc.Teaching emphasisEnable students to grasp the usages of such important new words and expressionsTeaching difficultiesGet students to understand some differences of some similar words and phrases .Teaching &learning procedures Step1. Preparing lessons &self-study and exploring the problems Read the text and find the phrases and sentences you dont understand. Step2.Finishing plan & asking questionsReport the problems to the class and the teacher.Then explain them to the class.1.It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA.(P2)加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州【词语归纳】distinction差别，区分 distinct清楚的;明显的 distinctly清楚地;明显地make a distinction between A and B 把A与B区别开have the distinction of 有特点;不同凡响【即学即练】根据汉语提示完成句子。(1)她不同凡响,成为第一个游过英吉利海峡的女性。_ (2)There was a _(明显的局促不安的感觉)in the air.(3)Then scientists _.(把科学和艺术区别开来)答案: (1)She had the distinction of being the first woman to swim across the English Channel. (2)distinct sense of embarrassment (3)made a distinction between art and science2.Scientists believe that these first settlers crossed the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.（P2）科学家们认为，这些最早的定居者是从亚洲通过史前时期曾经存在过的大陆桥，跨过白令海峡来到阿拉斯加的。【短语归纳】by means of用办法，借助 by this means用这种方法by all means务必，一定 by any means无论如何，以一切可能的手段 by no means决不，无论如何也不【即学即练】请用上述短语填空。（1)He entered the room _the tree near the window. （2)You can get the answer quickly _.（3)You must finish the task on time _.答案:（1）by means of （2）by this means （3）by any means3.Of the first Spanish to go to California,the majority were religious men whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.(P2)在首批移居加利福尼亚的西班牙人中，大部分是来向土著人传授天主教的牧师。 【观察与归纳】阅读下列句子，学习majority的用法。The majority of students are hardworking.（the majority of后接可数名词）The majority of the damage is easy to repair.(the majority of后接不可数名词)Now a majority of women in this city often find jobs easily.（a majority of+复数名词，表示“多数，很多” 时，谓语动词用复数。）【即学即练】根据汉语完成句子。(1)_(大部分人)seem to prefer TV show.(2)多数人赞成这个建议。_ (3)He was elected_.(以多数票)答案:(1)The majority of people (2)The majority was/were in favour of the proposal. (3)by a large majority4.Theres a fascinating drive marked out for tourists.(P8)有一种专为旅游者选定的迷人的驾车游活动。 【观察与归纳】阅读下列句子，注意mark的词性及搭配。Who made these dirty marks on my new book？（n.痕迹;污点;斑）The teacher gave him high/low marks for his geography.（n.分数）Prices are marked on the goods.(vt.在上作记号）He was marked out for special training.（指定或者选择某人/某物）5.Its a 79km round trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.(P8)这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它覆盖了所有著名的旅游景点。【词语归纳】take away拿走 take back收回（话等） take it easy别急 take on雇佣；具有（面貌、颜色）take for错以为；误以为是 take after长得像 take up从事；开始（某活动或爱好）占去；接着做take in吸收，吸引，收留，留宿，包容，理解，欺骗【即学即练】用take off,take up,take on.as,take over,take in,take for,take back填空。(1)The boss was asked to_Bob_ an office boy.(2)The battle hero we _an ordinary soldier at first gave us an inspiring speech.(3)The plane _and headed north.(4)Did they_much after listening to my lecture？(5)Cars _a great deal of valuable space on the roads.(6)May I _what I promised you？Very sorry,I can，t buy you a bicycle on time.答案： (1)take on,as (2)took for (3)took off (4)take in (5)take up (6)take back6.Some died or returned home,but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.(P2)有些人死了或回家了,但是多数人尽管艰难，还是留在了加利福尼亚劳作谋生。【词语归纳】make a life 谋生earn ones living 谋生live/lead a.life 过着的生活。【即学即练】根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。(1)His father_(靠教书为生)in the past.(2)His grandfather _(靠买卖二手房谋生)and left him a lot of money.(3)Thanks to the good policy,we are _(过着幸福的生活)now.答案： (1)made a life by teaching/earned his living (2)made a life by buying and selling second hand houses (3)living/leading a happy life【近义词辨析】 1.hardship,difficuty和suffering【课本原句】Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.（page2） hardship n “艰难,困苦 困难”，与difficuty和suffering是近义词。 【观察例句】He never feared hardship. 他从来不怕艰苦。He was willing to face any hardship in fulfillment of his duty.他愿意面对任何困难去履行他的职责。 Difficuties with manpower made the project out of the question.人力的困难使这一项目全无实施的可能。 They faced their sufferings as if those things were inevitable.他们面对自己苦难的遭遇，仿佛那些都是无可避免的事情。【归纳总结】这几个词都与“困难”有关，它们用于抽象意义时是不可数名词，用于表示具体的困难是为可数名词。其区别如下：hardship用于抽象意义时表示各种难以完成或处理的，需要付出很大努力才能克服的麻烦；用于具体事物时指疾病、贫穷等给人们带来的磨难。difficuty指必须付出大量的思考或运用技巧才能解决的困难。而suffering则指身体或精神上的痛苦，着重对痛苦的感觉和忍受，通常用于人。【即学即用】请选用hardship,difficuty和suffering分别完成下列各句：1).Early rising is not a _ in summar. 2).Do you have any _ with English?3).His wound caused him great _. 2. take in, take away, take back,【课本原句】Its a 79km round trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.(Page8)这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它覆盖了所有著名的旅游景点。take in “包括；吸收；欺骗；收留；理解，领会；改小”。【观察例句The study of physics takes in many difficult subjects. 物理的学习包括许多困难的方面。The salesman finds it easy to take in old ladies. 这个推销员发现老太太们容易上当受骗。He had nowhere to go, so I took him in. 他无处可去, 所以我收留了他。He takes after his father, a drunkard. 他就像他父亲一样,醉汉一个。 She took after her mother almost in everything. 她几乎与她母亲一模一样。The machine has already been taken apart. 机器已被拆开。He always took his father as a friend.他们总是把他父亲看作朋友。Dont be angry. He took back all those things he said about you. 不要生气。他已收回一切他说的有关你的坏话。 She finally took back her words. 她最终收回了自己的话。【归纳总结】take短语的用法归纳如下：take after (不用进行式) -to look or behave like (an older relative) 长相或举止像(某个长辈) take apart 把(小型机器、钟表等)拆开;拆散；(在体育运动或比赛中)把彻底打败;对苛求;严厉批评； take as 看作,认为。take away 拿走;使停学,使离开;使消失;减去。 take back 承认说错了(话),收回(诺言,话语)；送回,还回去;退(货)；使回忆起。 take down 拿下,取下;记下来;褪下(裤子等穿于腰以下的衣物)；(尤指为了修理或搬移而)把(大型机器或大物件)拆成零部件;把拆卸开take off 脱下,脱去(尤指衣服); 解(拿)掉 - put on (反义词)；(飞机等)升空,起飞；在(某日或某段时间)休假;歇(天)假; 请假；开始有成就;开始受欢迎;开始成名； 打折扣；(尤指为了逗笑而) 模仿 (某人)的谈吐、举止等。take on 开始雇用 ；开始具有/ 呈现(某种品质、面貌等); 露出；接受(工作等);承担(责任等)；开始和争吵(斗殴、作对、较量等)； 让上车,接受乘客。take out 带(某人)去(某处参加社交活动等) ；正式取得,领得,获得；洗去(污迹),使褪色。 take over接手,接任;接管。【即学即用】用take off,take up,take on.as,take over,take in,take for,take back填空。(1)The boss was asked to_Bob_ an office boy.(2)The battle hero we _an ordinary soldier at first gave us an inspiring speech.(3)The plane _and headed north.(4)Did they_much after listening to my lecture？(5)Cars _a great deal of valuable space on the roads.(6)May I _what I promised you？Very sorry,I can，t buy you a bicycle on time.3. hire；rent；let和employ【课本原句】Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car.（page8）同饭店里的一对夫妻作伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。【观察例句】The firm employs more than 100 people. 这家公司雇用100多名职工。He hired a man to look after his garden.他雇了一个人来照料他的花园。Ive got to pay my rent this morning. 今天上午我必须付房租。They rented a cabin for their vacation. 他们为度假租了一间小屋。I have rented the house out to a very nice family. 我把房子出租给了一户很好的人家。This house rents for US$ 800 a month. 这间屋子月租八百美元。Mrs. White let me a room. 怀特太太租给我一间房间。That apartment lets for $500 a month. 那公寓房子以每月五百美元出租。【归纳总结】这几个词都含“租用”或“出租”的意思,其区别如下：（1）hire 有“雇”、“短期租借”的意思,如:hire servants 雇佣人;hire a hall for an evening 租礼堂用一晚上。（2）rent 指“较长期地租用或租出(房屋、土地等)”,如:rent a house 租房子。（3）let 指“出租(房屋、地产等)”,如:a house to let 出租的房屋。（4）employ 指长期雇佣或聘用脑力劳动者。指“公司，商店”等的长期“雇用”，或指相对固定的工作，它侧重于服务方面。【即学即用】用hire；rent；employ；let填空。(1)Wed better _a car for the weekend.(2)He makes a life by _out his house to tourists.(3)She _for six months now.(4)There is a sign outside a house and the rooms are to _. Assessment:1. In Lao Zhangs opinion, this can be done by _of electricity.A. wayB. methodC. meanD. means 2._passengers survived in the traffic accident except a woman and two children.A. The mostB. A majority of theC. Most the D. The majority of the 3. The boy in that viallage beside our school had to _by himself after his fathers death.A. make a lifeB. take a lifeC. take a living D. make a living 4. As everyone knows,football is a _of a sharp mind and hard training rather than just talkingA. mixB. thoughtC. timeD. action 5. The mothers words _that she was not satisfied with your work. A. advisedB. wishedC. insistedD. indicated 6. It is _to me that he is against the plan. A. apparentB. convenientC. availableD. dependent 7. You can _your classmates if you want.A. get along withB. catch up with C. team up with D. put up with 8. This year, he wants to _a flat near h