六级汉译英38篇.docx

1. 颐和园(Summer Palace)是中国现存规模最大、保存拿完整的皇家园林，是全国首批重点文物保护单位，被列入世界文化遗产名录。它位于北京市海淀区，占地约三百余公顷，以其优美自然的田园景色(pastoral scenery)成为“壮观神州第一”的著名游览胜地。颐和园将人造景观与大自然和谐地融为一体，它的建成是当时政治、经济、文化发展水平在皇家园林中的反映，全面反映了中国在现代建筑园林兴起以前所取得的建筑园林技术成就。Summer Palace is Chinas largest existing and best preserved imperial garden. It is one of the first national major cultural relics to be protected, also registered in the World Heritage List. It is located in Haidian District of Beijing, with land area of about three hectares. Famous for its beautiful natural pastoral scenery, it becomes a tourist attraction as Number One Spectacular Scenery in China. At Summer Palace, artificial landscape is in good harmony with nature. Completion of Summer Palace is itself an exposition of the development level of politics, economy, and culture in the royal gardens; it hilly exhibits the technical achievements on landscape architecture in China before the rise of modem architecture on landscape. 2. 香格里拉(Shangri-La)位于云南省西北部，被称为“日月最早照耀的地方”。离香格里拉县城不远的地方，就是令人着迷的红草地。秋风过处，草原(prairie)的颜色就开始悄悄地改变了，许多不知名的野花生长在每一寸土地上，让人看得目瞪口呆。因此，香格里拉的秋天也是最精彩的瞬间。香格里拉是一个多功能的旅游风景名胜区(versatile scenic spot)，景观融雪山、峡谷、草原、高山湖泊(alpine lake)、原始森林(virgin forest)和民族风情为一体。金秋季节，是香格里拉游客最多的时节，到处都有国内外游客的身影，越来越多的游客喜欢上香格里拉。Shangri-La is located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, known as the first place shone by the sun and the moon. Not far Rom Shangri-La County is the fascinating place of red grass. The color of the prairie quietly changes in autumn wind, with many unknown wildflowers growing on every inch of the land, which can surely make visitors dumbfounded. So autumn season is the best time of Shangri-La. Shangri-La is a versatile scenic spot for tourists, with scenery sights including snow mountains, canyons, grasslands, alpine lakes, virgin forests besides special ethnic culture. Golden season of autumn is the peak season of Shangri-La with largest number of tourists, with both Chinese and foreign tourists everywhere. More and more tourists love Shangri-La. 3. 经济全球化(Economic globalization)必然带来文化产品和服务的全球化。我国对外开放的进一步扩大，既为我们学习借鉴世界优秀文化成果，推动我国文化走向世界提供了有利条件，也使我国文化面临激烈的国际竞争。从目前的情况看，我国的文化体制还不能完全适应经济全球化的新形势，我国深厚的文化底蕴和丰富的文化资源还没有转化为国际影响力和竞争力。如果不加快发展，形成我们自己的文化优势，就难以在激烈的国际文化竞争中站稳脚跟。Economic globalization will inevitably bring about the globalization of cultural products and services. Further expansion of Chinas opening up provides favorable conditions for us to learn from the worlds outstanding cultural achievements, and promote our culture to the world; at the same time, it puts high pressure of competition on our culture. Based on the current situation, Chinas cultural system still doesnt fully adapt to the new situation of economic globalization. Efforts are needed to transform Chinas rich cultural heritage and rich cultural resources into international influence and competitiveness. If we do not speed up development and build up our own cultural superiority, it is difficult to gain a firm foothold in the highly competitive international culture. 4. “抱抱装”(Hugging Dress)被2006年11月6日的时代杂志评为“2006年最具创意新发明”。它是一种能让人感觉到被拥抱的衣服，这种上衣采用高科技布料制成，能模仿被爱人拥抱的感觉。当朋友通过短信传给你一个“拥抱”信息，手机会通过蓝牙技术(Bluetooth technology)“通知”衣服，它随即能把这个拥抱完整传递给你。这种衣服可以储存多名亲友拥抱的力度、维持时间，甚至亲友的心跳节奏。更为实用的是，这种衣服能洗涤反复使用。“Hugging Dress was named by Time magazine on November 6, 2006 as the Most Innovative New Invention in 2006. Its a garment that can make people sense the feeling of being hugged. The dress is made of high-tech fabrics that can mimic the feeling of being hugged by loved ones. When a friend passes to you a hug message via SMS, the mobile phone can notice this dress via Bluetooth technology; then it gives you the full feeling of being hugged. This dress can memorize the strength and the time of hugs by several friends and relatives, even including their heartbeats. The more practical feature is that this dress can be washed for repeated use. 5. 相声(comic dialogue)起源于北京，流行于全国各地。一般认为于清咸丰、同治年间形成。它是一种历史悠久、流传较广、有深厚群众基础的曲艺表演形式。表演形式有单口、对口、群口三种。单口相声(monologue talk)由一个演员表演，讲述笑话;对口相声由两个演员一问一答;群口相声由三个以上演员表演。传统曲目以讽刺旧社会各种丑恶现象和通过诙谐的叙述反映各种生活现象为主，解放后除继续发扬讽刺传统外，也有歌颂(sing the praises of)新人新事的作品。Comic dialogue originated in Beijing, and is popular in all parts of China. Its generally believed that comic dialogue emerged as a new culture during the time of Xianfeng and Tongzhi Emperors of Qing Dynasty. Its a type of art and opera performance with long history, being widely popular and loved by broad masses of people. There are 3 types of performance, namely monologue talk, cross talk, multi-show talk. Monologue talk is performed by one person, talking on jokes; cross talk is performed by two people interacting with each other; multi-show talk is performed by three or more people. Traditional themes focus on satirizing social evils in history or humorously illustrating various phenomena in society. After liberation of China, in addition to the tradition of satire style, some alt performance sings the praises of new deeds at new times. 6. 现在大家都在讨论云计算(cloud computing)，这意味着利用互联网的远程计算的发展。这对于中小型企业来说是好消息，因为基于云计算的系统为他们提供了大量的工具，能够为其节省成本，降低维修的次数。同许多技术创新一样，云计算的应用遇到了传统的系统和设想(traditional system and patterns of design) 的阻碍。在发达国家，大多数企业已经拥有依赖于传统硬件、软件和常规的工作方式的基础设施。而在发展中国家，政府和研究机构很希望鼓励应用价格便宜的技术。Nowadays all people are talking about cloud computing, which means the development of remote computing through Internet. This is good news for small and medium enterprises, because the system based on cloud computing can provide them with a number of tools, which helps them save cost and reduce frequencies of maintenance. Just as many technological innovations, Cloud computing applications encounter obstacles caused by the traditional system and patterns of design. In developed countries, most companies already have the fundamental infrastructure which relies on traditional hardware, software and conventional ways of operation. But in developing countries, government and research institutions hope to encourage the application of cheaper technology. 7. 瑜伽有着六千多年的历史，起源于印度。古代的瑜伽信徒发展了瑜伽体系，他们深信通过运动身体和调控呼吸完全可以控制心智和情感(control ones mind and emotions)，保持身体长久的健康。瑜伽姿势大部分来源于模仿动物的姿态，达到锻炼身心的效果。瑜伽不同于体操和舞蹈，也不同于一般的有氧练习。只有当呼吸、意识和姿势结合成一体(breathing, mind and posture get into one)时，才是真正的瑜伽练习。可以说，瑜伽不仅仅是一种运动方式，也是一种生活态度。Yoga is originated in India with more than 6,000 years of history. Ancient yoga practitioners developed yoga system. They firmly believed that through the movement of ones body and control of ones breathing, one can completely control ones mind and emotions, so as to keep long-term health. Most yoga postures are imitations of animal postures in order to exercise ones physical and mental power. Yoga is unlike gymnastics, dance, or common aerobic exercise. Only at the time when ones breathing, mind and posture get into one, one is in the condition of yoga exercise. So we can say that yoga is not just a sport, but also an attitude to life. 8. 中国是一个餐饮大国。中国菜有许多流派，其中最有影响力和代表性的是中国“八大菜系”(“Eight Cuisines”of China)。这种分类已被广为接受。一个菜系的形成和它的悠久历史和独到的烹饪特色是分不开的。当然，也会受到这个地区的自然地理、气候条件和饮食习惯等的影响。中国“大菜系”的烹调技艺和菜肴特色各有千秋。四川菜系，是世界上最著名的中国菜系之一。四川菜系以其香辣而闻名。没有品尝过四川菜的人不算来过中国(a failure of trip to China)。China is a big country of cuisines. There are many schools of Chinese cuisines, among which the most representative and influential classification is Eight Cuisines of China. This classification has been widely accepted. The formation of a school of cuisine is inseparable from its long history and unique culinary specialties. Its also affected by local features of natural geography, climatic conditions and habits of diet etc. The Eight Cuisines of China have their own cooking techniques and flavors of dish which are different from each other. Sichuan Cuisine is one of the most famous Chinese cuisines in the world. Sichuan Cuisine is famous for its spiciness. Itd be a failure of trip to China for people who dont have a taste of Sichuan Cuisine.9. 苏州是中国著名的历史文化名城(historical and cultural city)。俗语有“上有天堂，下有苏杭”来形容苏州和杭州的美丽和繁荣。苏州地处长江三角洲，地理位置优越，气候湿润。旧时许多官员退休后来到苏州养老。苏州素以“园林城市”闻名于世。明清时期，苏州出现了一批园林艺术家。最盛时期，苏州的私家园林和庭院达到280余处，有很多至今保存完好并对外开放。如今，苏州园林不断推出特色旅游活动，每年吸引中外游客近千万人次。Suzhou is a famous historical and cultural city in China. The saying Suzhou and Hangzhou are Paradise on the Earth vividly describes the beauty and prosperity of Suzhou and Hangzhou. Located at the Yangtze River Delta, Suzhou has good geographical advantages with humid climate. In the past, many officials came to Suzhou for living after they retired. Suzhou is known as City of Gardens all the time. At the time of Ming and Qing dynasties, there were a number of artists on landscape architecture in Suzhou. It the peak time, there were more than 280 private gardens and courtyards in Suzhou, many of which are well preserved by now and opened to the public. Today, numerous tourism activities are launched on Suzhou gardens, which attract nearly ten million tourists fort home and abroad each year. 10. 上海自由贸易区(Shanghai Free Trade Zone)，简称上海自贸区，是中国政府设立在上海的区域性自由贸易区。自贸区于2013年8月22日获得国务院批准，并于9月29日正式挂牌。在该自贸区挂牌后的第一个工作日，前来咨询办理业务的人络绎不绝。事实上，自贸区没有挂牌前，已有一大批企业迫不及待地申请在上海自贸区辖区内注册。上海自贸区是中国主动选择的一个新的开放试点(pilot zone)，目的是以开放促进改革。自贸区的设立不仅可以使贸易便利化，而且可以使加快贸易转型和升级Shanghai Free Trade Zone, referred to as SHFTZ, is a regional free trade zone set up by Chinese government in Shanghai. The free trade zone was approved by the State Council of China on August.22, 2013, and officially established on September 29 of the year. On the first work day after its establishment, there were many people coming for inquiry and services. In fact, even before the establishment of SHFTZ, a large number of companies had been eagerly waiting to apply for registration in SHFTZ. Shanghai Free hade Zone is a new pilot zone initiatively selected by Chinese government, with the purpose to promote reform through opening up. The establishment If FTZ can not only facilitate trade, but also speed up transformation and upgrading of business. 11. 书法(Chinese calligraphy)是汉字的书写艺术，也是中国特有的一种传统艺术。中国书法历史和中国文字使用的历史一样悠久。甲骨文(oracle) 是现存中国最古老的文字。自从甲骨文发明以来，中国书法的字体经历了数个发展阶段。每个阶段都产生了数量众多的书法家和书法作品。这些书法家和书法作品构成了中国书法的深厚传统。中国书法在古代已经是一门成熟的艺术。很多理论普卡是书法家艺术实践的总结，极大地影响了后人的书法学习和创作。Chinese calligraphy is the art of writing Chinese characters, also a traditional culture of an in China. The history of Chinese calligraphy is as long as the history of Chinese characters. Oracle is the oldest Chinese characters discovered by now. Since the invention of oracle, the font of Chinese calligraphy underwent several stages of development, with a large number of calligraphers and calligraphic works produced at each stage. These calligraphers and calligraphic works constitute profound cultural traditions for Chinese calligraphy. At ancient times, Chinese calligraphy was already t mature art. Many theories were the summary of calligraphers art practice, which greatly influenced the calligraphy and creation by later generations. 12. 家庭是中国传统社会的基础。在中国传统家庭中，每个人与不同的家人相处时，都要循规蹈矩地遵守一定的礼节(etiquette)。特别是在那些人口众多且成员复杂的大家族里，更需要严格的礼节和规矩，以界定彼此的关系，约束个人的行为，而使家庭和谐有序。在一个大家族里，辈分最高的人往往具有至高无上的权威。受“男尊女卑”观念(“patriarchal mentality)的影响，丈夫在家庭中的地位绝对在妻子之上。受现代文明的冲击，女性的地位如今有所提高。Families are the foundation of traditional Chinese society. In traditional Chinese families, each person must observe certain etiquette o his or her relationship with other family members. Especially in those large families that have numerous people with complex background, more strict etiquette and rules are observed so as to define their relationships and discipline individuals behavior, to keep harmonious family order. In a huge family, the person of highest seniority used to have the highest authority. Due to the patriarchal mentality that takes male superior to female, husband night have absolutely dominant status on wife. But under the impact of modern civilization, the status of women has been improved by now. 13. 中国房价问题近年来一直是社会热门话题。大中型城市房价一直居高不下且呈逐渐上涨的趋势。有的年轻人根本买不起房，有的则成为了房奴(mortgage slaves)。房奴是近几年出现的社会流行词。顾名思义，房奴的意思是房屋的奴隶。这些人为买房而向银行借贷款，然后用一生的精力来偿还。据某房地产网站的调查，中国约32%的人月供占到7收入的50%以上，成为了名副其实的房奴。他们在享受有房的心理安慰的同帆、也承受着巨大的精神压力，生活质量大为下降。Chinese housing prices have been hot social topics in recent years. House prices in medium-and-large cities keep high, with the trend of further going up. Some young people simply cannot afford purchasing any house, while others become mortgage slaves. Mortgage slaves (or house slaves) are a new buzzword that emerged in the society in recent years. Just as the name suggests, house slaves refer to people who are enslaved to mortgage for their houses. These people borrow loans from banks to buy a house and then repay the loans with their lifetime efforts. According to survey by a real estate website, about 32 % of Chinese people paid over 50% of their income as monthly mortgage payment, so they indeed became slaves of the house. While they seem to enjoy some psychological comfort that they have their own houses, they have to bear tremendous stress, with quality of life dropped own significantly. 14. 如果生活在北京却没听过京剧，那真是一大遗憾。中国京剧被称为“东方歌剧、它是地地道道的中国国粹(quintessence of Chinese culture)，因形成于北京而得名。京剧至今已有约200年的历史。京剧是综合性表演艺术，集各种表演形式于一体。脸谱(facial makeup)是京剧中最有特色的艺术。人物的忠奸、美丑、善恶、尊卑，大都能通过脸谱表现出来。京剧繁荣时期产生了一大批著名演员，其中梅兰芳是国际上最负盛名的京剧表演艺术家之一。If you live in Beijing but havent listened to Beijing opera, then itd be a great pity. Beijing opera is called Oriental Opera, and it is downright a quintessence of Chinese culture. Its so named since its cultivated in Beijing. Beijing Opera has about 200 years of history by now. Beijing Opera is a comprehensive performing an, integrating all kinds of performances into one. Facial makeup is the most distinctive art of Beijing Opera, which reveals the personalities of most characters in the opera, such as good and evil, beauty and ugliness, nobility and lowliness. A large number of famous actors emerged firing the booming period of Beijing Opera, among whom Mei Lanfang is the most prestigious performing artist of Beijing Opera in the world. 15. 中国的灯笼是汉族传统工艺品(traditional handicrafts by Han people), 起源于1800多年前的西汉时期。灯笼最初的用途是照明，在黑暗中给人们带来光明。灯笼上绘有各种图案。传统的图案有龙、凤、花鸟等。在中国，每逢元宵节或中秋节有点灯笼的习俗。人们挂起象征团圆意义的红灯笼，来营造一种吉利喜庆的氛围。灯笼寄寓着人们对生活的美好希望。随着中外文化交流的增多，越来越多的外国人对中国灯笼有了认同感，他们把它看成是中国的一种传统文化而给予尊重。Chinese lanterns are traditional handicrafts by Han people, which originated in Western Han Dynasty more than 1,800 years ago. The initial purpose of the lantern was to give light for people in darkness. Various pictures are decorated on lanterns. Traditional pictures include dragon, phoenix, birds and Rowers, etc. In China, people have the custom to light up lanterns on Mid-Autumn Festival or Lantern Festival. People hang up red lanterns which symbolize reunion to create an auspicious festival atmosphere. Lanterns contain peoples good wishes for life. With the increase in cultural exchange, more and more foreigners accept Chinese lanterns. They take it as kind of traditional Chinese culture and respect it. 16. 风筝最早起源于中国，至今已经有2000多年的历史了。相传，中国古人曾利用风筝进行测量、传信，甚至试图利用风筝载人飞翔(manned flying)。最初，风筝只是宫廷贵族的玩具，元朝以后，风筝逐渐普及于民间，明清时期更是广为流传。天津是中国著名的风筝之乡，制作技术历史悠久，。工艺精湛。放风筝已经成了很多天津人日常生活休闲娱乐的方式之一。在春秋两季的清晨和傍晚，特别是在节假日里，天津的广场、公园都可以看到许多风筝爱好者放风筝，形态各异的风筝在天空中竞相飞舞。风筝带着天津人对未来的美好憧憬(beautiful vision of the future)越飞越高。Kite flying originated in China, with more than 2,000 years of history by now. According to legend, ancient Chinese used kites for measurement, messaging, and even tried to use kites as manned flying vehicles. Initially, kite flying was an exclusive activity by royal nobilities only. After Yuan dynasty, kite flying was increasingly popular among folk people, and it was widespread at the time of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Tianjin is a famous hometown of kite flying in China, with long history of technology and exquisite workmans.hip. Kite flying has been one of daily entertainment activities for people in Tianjin. At time of morning or evening in seasons of spring and autumn, especially on festival holidays, there are a lot of kite enthusiasts Dying kites on squares or in parks of Tianjin, with varieties of kites competing in the slay. Kites fly higher and higher in the sky, with Tianjin peoples beautiful vision of the future. 17. 中国音乐悠久的历史，可以追溯到七八千年前的新石器时代(the Neolithic time)，这个时代的乐器(也是最古老的乐器)大概就是石头。在黄帝时代的传说中，有一位名叫神农的音乐家，据说他是牛首蛇身。神农曾尝遍百草而发现医药。在中国古代，有关音乐方面的书籍不下三百种。孔子是春秋时期著名的教育家，同时又是一位音乐家。他在古琴方面的造诣很高。他不仅能自己作曲，还写过许多论述音乐的随笔。Chinese music has long history, dating back to the Neolithic time seven or eight thousand years ago. The musical instruments at that time were probably stone (it was also the earliest musical instrument). In the legendary era of Yellow Emperor, there was a musician named Shen Nong, who was allegedly to have a cow head with snake body. Shen Nong invented Chinese medicine by personal tasting and experiment on hundreds of herbs. In ancient China, there were not less than 300 books about music. Confucius was a famous educationist at the time of Spring and Autumn Period, he was a musician as well. He obtained high accomplishments on Guqin (ancient lute). He not only composed music by himself, but also wrote many essays on music. 18. 就像日本的和服一样，旗袍(cheongsam)是中华民族的典型服饰。旗袍，这一被当代国际服装界誉为“东方女装”的代表，如今不仅受到我国广大汉族妇女的喜爱，而且也受到西方欧美妇女的青睐。旗袍起源于十六世纪中期满族妇女的民族服装。旗袍以浓郁的民族风格，体现了中华民族传统的服饰美。旗袍比较适合中国女性清瘦玲珑的身材特点，尤其很受上海女性的欢迎。在快节奏、充满礼仪的现代生活中，旗袍仍然是中国女性最体面的服装。Just like Japanese kimono, cheongsam is a typical dress of Chinese nation. Cheongsam, a garment which has been hailed as the representative of Oriental Ladys Dress by the contemporary international fashion industry, is not only loved by the majority of Han Chinese women, but also by Western European and American women. Cheongsam originated in Manchu womens ethical costume in the mid-sixteenth century. With strong ethnic style, cheongsam embodies the traditional beauty of Chinese costume. Cheongsam is more suitable for females with exquisite and slim bodyline as Chine