完形填空解题方法指导学案.doc

完形填空解题技巧指导学案2012.11 1、 完型填空试题主要特点1、短文长度250词左右，生词少，难度适中。其中设空20个， 。2、干扰项设计严密。一般情况下，四个选项的 或属于 ，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误，有较大的迷惑作用。3、考查单词以实词（ 、 、 、 副词 、代词）为主，虚词（连词、介词）为辅。4、突出 ，设问角度突出考查学生对 上下文 乃至 的理解，以及对 的把握。5、文章体裁以 或 为主，选材大多富有 ，给人以人生的启迪或是充满生活情趣。二、为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?1、没有严格遵循答题步骤： 很多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案，不认真分析通篇文章， ，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构。表面上解题速度挺快，但是这种 的做法，只会影响解题的质量和效率。 切记：一定要用2-3分钟时间先进行 ，弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空。2、不注意积累答题技巧：A. 忽略文章 的提示作用。B. 忽略文章中 的照应关系。 C. 遇到长句不注意 ，在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择。D. 时间安排不当：在几个选项上过分纠缠，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。正确的做法 是 ，先做会做的，再考虑较难的。3、基础知识不扎实：a. 词汇量不足，缺乏词汇辨析能力和词汇搭配的理解能力。b. 句法不过关，缺乏分析理解长难句能力。c. 知识面狭窄，缺乏常识和相关文化背景知识和学科知识。d. 练习量不够，缺乏快速阅读能力和逻辑推断能力。4、自信心不足： 对完形填空心存恐惧，怀着这种情绪做题，导致自己的思想游离题外，根本无法进入状态，更谈不上理解文章的内容。因此，集中思想、树立信心、去除杂念是做好完形填空题的保证。三、正确的完形填空的解题步骤细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意注意语境，瞻前顾后，先易后难，初定答案再读全文，弥补疏漏，反复检查，确保最佳四、九大解题技巧1、利用首句来解题例1：(2012福建卷) I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. 体裁： 主题：练习1： (2012全国卷) Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all !体裁： 主题：练习2： (2012重庆卷) I became a gardener when I was twelve.体裁： 主题：2、根据上下文语境来解题例2：(2012福建卷) I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. Im left 36. Why do these people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other 37 ? （ ）36. A interested B pleased C puzzled D excited练习3：(2012福建卷) I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s, . One spring afternoon in 1983, I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur. . Unexpectedly ! It was Ismail! Even after two 51 we still recognized each other. （ ） 51. A departures B months C years D decades练习4：(2012陕西卷) . Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a 32. . He 41 (jumped) over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was 42 .（ ）32. A. streamB. rock C. tree D. house（ ）42. A. awake B. abandoned C. available D. asleep练习5：(2012湖南卷) Whats it like to have a gap between your teeth? a girl asked me one day. . My hand unconsciously rose to cover my mouth. But as she looked at me, sincerely waiting for 37, .（ ）37. A. an offer B. an answer C. a suggestion D. a result 3、利用语篇的标志性的词语解题常见的标志性的词语有以下几种:结构层次:firstly, secondly, thirdly；因果关系：thus, therefore, so；递进关系：besides, whats more, furthermore; 转折关系：but, while, however等。例3：(2012湖北卷) Life has become 35 . However, a bicycle is simple. （ ）35. A. boring B. complex C. stressful D. tough 练习6：(2012山东卷) The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing werent 42 . “What these people also need is warmth and 43 ,” says Rita. （ ）43. A. fameB. freedomC. courageD. caring 练习7：(2012全国卷II) I was 23 （ driving） a school bus to make ends meet and 24 with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat.（ ）24. A. working B. travelling C. discussing D. living4、根据逻辑推理解题例4：(2012重庆卷) I was touched by this land of wonder. 45 , my parents showed no interest in my garden. （ ） 45. A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D Besides 练习8：(2012江西卷) Usually, on holidays, Mother 36（allowed） me to sleep in. And I would certainly take full advantage of it. On this particular morning, 37 , I felt like getting up early.（ ）37Aotherwise Btherefore Chowever Dbesides 练习9：(2012辽宁卷) He shouted for help , 48 his wife, Brenda , was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite end of the house.（ ）48. A. and B. but C. or D. So5、根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择例5： (2012安徽卷) Then I had a 36 problem and had to go to hospital for a 37 （thorough） examination. （ ）36. A. physical B. traveling C. social D.housing练习10：(2012浙江卷) 22 the box , Oscar saw an umbrella inside a very old one with a beautifully carved handle.（ ）22. A. opening B. seizing C. observing D. searching 练习11：(2012湖北卷) “An odometer（里程表） without a speedometer (速度计) is like a 44 without a knife.” （ ）44. A. pencil B. fork C. box D. cake1. 6、从语法角度来解题例6：(2012福建卷) I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s, 38 children from different races and religions played and studied 39（together） in harmony. （ ）38.A why B which C how D when练习12：(2012湖北卷) 33 the shopkeeper was the selling me the bicycle, he said, This is the best thing you 34 (could) have done. （ ）33. A. Although B. Because C. As D. Unless练习13：(2012天津卷) You cant blame others 35 you start with yourself.（ ）35. A. although B. if C. when D. unless 7、从词汇辨析方面来解题例7：(2012福建卷) One spring afternoon in 1983, I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur. I 47 my destination.（ ）47. A stated B ordered C decided D chose 练习14：(2012辽宁卷) “My hearing was damaged by the 38 of farm epuipment , so I learned to connect with 39 （animals）. They react to what they see and what you do. ”（ ） 38. A. sound B. alarm C. noise D. voice练习15：(2012重庆卷) I planted some lily (百合花)seeds in the yard. But they failed to 42 .（ ）42.A. come up B. break out C. hold on D. get through 8、从固定搭配、惯用法方面来解题例8：(2012福建卷) At that time my family lived a stones 40 from Ismails. （ ）40.A drop B throw C move D roll练习16：(2012重庆卷) Wild 43 joy,I found the first rose bloom（开花）.（ ）43. A. to B. with C. in D. by练习17：(2012重庆卷) I became a member of the company 41 back to 1925.41. （ ）41. A. bouncing B. dating C. turning D. Tracking9、利用词汇的复现解题 例9：(2012福建卷) At times Ismail would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to town. We would be glad of his 45 . （ ）45. A arrival B choice C effort D company练习18：(2012全国卷I) But whatever the situation, the best 54（advice） is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 55 .（ ）55. A. noticed B. treated C. respected D. pleased 练习19：(2012湖南卷) Whats it like to have a gap between your teeth? a girl asked me one day. Nobody had ever 36 before. （ ）36. A. faced B. guessed C. asked D. Imagined注意：完形填空中，有的题既可以用这种技巧解答，又可用那种技巧来解答，也有的可能要结合两种或多种技巧才能解答。但是，所有的方法或技巧都是一种辅助作用，都必须建立在扎实的语言基础之上。如果词汇不过关，句子理不顺，篇章意义不理解，任何方法或技巧都将无济于事。五、总结完形填空解题方法总的原则： 八字方针： 三部曲： 6、 作业：完成学英语报完型填空题。【2012年福建】完型填空 I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. Im left 36. Why do these people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other 37 ? I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s, 38 children from different races and religions played and studied 39 in harmony. At that time my family lived a stones 40 from Ismails. And no one was bothered that Ismail was a Malay Muslim and I was an Indian Hindu-we just 41 our differences. Perhaps , our elders had not filled our heads with unnecessary advice, well 42 or otherwise. We were nine when we became friends. During the school holidays, wed 43 the countryside on our bicycles, hoping to 44 the unexpected. At times Ismail would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to town. We would be glad of his 45. When I was twelve, my family moved to Johor. Ismails family later returned to their village, and I 46 touch with him. One spring afternoon in 1983, I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur. I 47 my destination. The driver acknowledged my 48 but did not move off. Instead ,he looked 49 at me. “Raddar?” he said, using my childhood nickname(绰号). I was astonished at being so 50 addressed(称呼). Unexpectedly ! It was Ismail! Even after two 51 we still recognized each other. Grasping his shoulder, I felt a true affection, something 52 to describe. If we can allow our children to be 53 without prejudice, theyll build friendships with people, regardless of race or religion, who will be 54 their side through thick and thin. On such friendships are societies built and 55 we can truly be, as William Shakespeare once wrote, “we happy few, we band of brothers”.36.A interested B pleased C puzzled D excited37.A parties B cities C villages D races38.A why B which C how D when39.A together B around C alone D apart40.A drop B throw C move D roll41.A refused B made C sought D accepted42.A paid B meant C preserved D treated43.A explore B search C discover D desert44.A get through B deal with C come across D take away45.A arrival B choice C effo