初二上册预习抽背单.doc

初二上册预习抽背单 Unit one How often do you exercise?1.识记：skateboard / go skateboarding（参加滑板运动）,exercise（锻炼，运动）,surf the Internet(网上冲浪)，shop / go shopping / do some shopping(购物)2.识记：表示频度的副词及短语always(一直), usually(通常)，often(经常), sometimes(有时), hardly ever(几乎不), never(从不)，once a day / week / month（一天/一周/一个月一次），two / three times a month(一个月两/三次), everyday(每天)3.理解运用：-How often do you exercise? -I exercise once a day. -How often does she exercise? -She exercises once a day.4.区别运用：How often, How long, How far, How soon, How much, How many 例：-How often do you exercise? -I exercise every day.(How often表示多久一次，往往是对频率提问) -How long did you exercise? -I exercised for two hours.(how long表示多久，是对时间的长短提问) -How far is it from your home to your school? -Its five kilometers.(how far表示多远，是对距离提问) -How soon will you be back? -Ill be back in two days.(how soon 表示多久，往往是对“in+一段时间”提问) -How many hours did you sleep last night? -Two hours(how many 表示多少，是对可数名词复数提问) -How much juice do you have? -A little. -How much is the juice? -Two yuan. (how much表示多少，是对不可数名词提问，有时也可以对价钱进行提问)5.理解运用：I always play basketball after school. She is always eating lunch in the classroom.(频率副词在句中的位置-“行为动词的前面，谓语动词的后面”)6.区别运用：hard,hardly 例：My sister works hard every day.(hard: 努力的，副词) Its hard work.(hard: 辛苦的，形容词) My brother hardly works every day.(hardly: 几乎不，副词)7.区别运用：exercise 例：The students have to do eye exercises every day(exercise: 译为做题 / 操 时为可数名词) Swimming is good exercise.(exercise: 译为锻炼、运动时为不可数名词) The students exercise every day.(exercise: 动词形式) The student exercises every day.(exercises: 此处为动词第三人称单数运用)8.区别运用time: 例：-Can you tell me the time now? -Its two oclock.(time: 作时间讲时为不可数名词) -How many times did you go to Beijing? -Three times.(time: 作次数讲时为可数名词)9.识记：once, twice, three / four / fivetimes(除一次、两次外，三次及三次以上的表达均为基数词+times)10.区别运用：-What does he do? -He is a student. -What does he do on weekends? -He does his homework.11.识记运用：the results of(的结果) 例：Here are the results of the activity survey.12.识记：all / some / most students=all / some / most of the students no students13.区别运用：sleep 例：I sleep eight hours every day.(sleep: 睡觉，动词) Im too tired, I need lots of sleep.(sleep: 睡眠，名词)14.识记运用：want sb. to do sth.(想要某人做某事) 例：My mother wants me to drink more milk. be good / bad for(对有益处/害处) 例：Drinking milk is good for our health. Smoking is bad for our health.15.区别运用：health / healthy 例：My mother says its good for my health.(health: 健康，名词) I need to exercise to keep healthy.(healthy: 健康的，形容词)16.识记：keep / stay healthy. keep in good health. （保持健康）17.识记：eating habit(饮食习惯) healthy lifestyle(健康的生活习惯) get good grades(取得好成绩) unhealthy(不健康的) study better(学得更好)18.识记运用：try to do sth.(尝试做某事) 例：I try to eat a lot of vegetables. look after / take care of(照顾) 例：We have to look after our health. We have to take care of our health. the same as(和一样) 例：Her lifestyle is the same as mine. be different from(和不同) 例：His lifestyle is different from mine.19.区别运用：different / difference 例：My brother and I are different.(different: 不同的，形容词) What are the differences between you and me.(difference: 不同，可数名词)20.识记运用：maybe(也许，可能) 例：Maybe Im not very healthy.21.理解运用：although / but(虽然但是) 例：Although I have one healthy habit, Im not healthy. I have one healthy habit, but Im not healthy.22.识记：less(更少的，little的比较级)23.识记运用：keep+形容词 keep+doing sth. 例：You have to keep the classroom clean. I have to keep doing homework because there is little time. Unit two Whats the matter?1.识记：head(头) face(脸) ear(耳朵) nose(鼻子) mouth(嘴) tooth(牙齿，teeth：tooth的复数) neck(脖子) back(背，背部) arm(胳膊) hand(手) stomach(胃，肚子) leg(腿) foot(脚，feet: foot的复数) throat(咽喉)2.识记：have a headache / stomachache / backache / toothache 头 / 胃 / 背 / 牙齿痛 have a cold / fever 感冒 / 发烧 have a sore throat / back 喉咙痛 / 背痛3.识记运用：Whats the matter with sb. ? / Whats wrong with sb.? 例：Whats the matter with you? I have a cold. Whats wrong with you? I have a cold4.识记：lie down and rest(躺下休息) hot tea with honey(加蜂蜜的热茶) see a dentist(看牙医) drink lots of water(喝许多水)5.识记运用：should / shouldnt do sth.(应该/ 不应该做某事) 例：You have a sore throat. You should drink some hot tea with honey. You have a sore back. You shouldnt walk more (should 为情态助动词，否定时即在后面加not)6.识记：Im not feeling well.(我感到不舒服) I hope you feel better soon.(我希望你尽快好起来)7.区别运用：good / well 例：They are good students(good: 好，形容词，修饰名词) I cant do it well.(well: 好，副词，修饰动词) Im not feeling well.(well: 好，指身体状况)8.识记运用：hope to do sth. / hope +句子 例：I hope to go to Beijing. I hope you can have a nice weekend.9.区别运用：ill / sick 例：My sister is ill. My sister is sick. My sister is a sick girl.(ill, sick都可放在be动词后作表语，但是只有sick 可放在名词前做定语) illness(疾病，可数名词)10.识记：be tired(累了) be hungry(饿了) be thirsty(口渴了) be stressed out(紧张的) go to bed early(早点上床睡觉) listen to music(听音乐) drink some water(喝一些水)11.识记：traditional Chinese doctor(传统中医) believe(相信，认为) western(西方的) a balance of(的平衡) a balanced diet（一个均衡的饮食）12.理解运用：need sth. / need to do sth. 例：I need a book. I need to buy a book.13.区别运用：too much, too many, much too 例：I have too many books.(too many: 太多，修饰可数名词) My sister drinks too much water.(too much: 太多，修饰不可数名词) The apple is much too big. I cant eat it.(much too: 太，修饰形容词或副词)14.理解运用：Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this. (动词的ing形式作句子的主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数)15.识记运用：Its +形容词 / 副词（for sb.）to do sth. (对来说，做怎么样) 例：Its important for me to eat a balanced diet.16.区别运用：balance / balanced 例：I want to keep the balance of yin and yang to be healthy.(balance: 平衡，名词) I think you need a balanced diet.(balanced: 均衡的，形容词)17.识记：at the moment = now = right now.(此时此刻) a lot of headaches conversation practice(对话练习)18.理解运用：notuntil(直到才) 例：I didnt do my homework until one oclock last night.(我昨晚直到一点才做家庭作业)19.识记：Im sorry to hear that.(当听到别人告诉你不幸的消息时的应答语)20.识记运用：advice(建议，不可数名词) 例：a piece of advice(一条建议，advice为不可数名词，需要借助量词piece来表达数量) 例：two pieces of advice(两条建议)21.识记运用：提建议的几种方式 You should / shouldnt do sth. Why dont you / not do sth. How / What about doing sth. Youd better do sth. Unit three What are you doing for vacation?1.识记：babysit my sister(照顾我的妹妹) go camping(宿营，露营) relax at home(在家休息) sports camp(运动野营) the south of Italy(意大利南部)2.理解运用： -What are you doing for vacation? -Im visiting my grandmother -Whats she doing for vacation? -Shes going camping -What are they doing for vacation? -Theyre relaxing at home. -When are you doing? -Im going on Monday / on the 12th. / next week -Where are you going？ -Im going to Beijing. -Who are you going with? -Im going with my father (be+动词ing形式，是用现在进行时表示将来)3.识记：going hiking(徒步旅行) I dont like going away for too long.(我不想离开太久)4.理解运用：have a good time(当别人告诉你有个假期、要外出旅游等的答语) send sb. sth. / send sth. to sb.(把某物寄给某人) 例：Please send me a postcard. / Please send a postcard to me. show sb. sth. / show sth. to sb. 例：Please show me your photos. / Please show your photos to me 5.识记运用：动词+back to= return to(返回) 例：We have to take the bus back to school. = We have to return to school by bus.6.识记：go bike riding(骑游) go sightseeing(去观光) rent videos(租影碟) beautiful countryside(漂亮的乡村) I love nature(我喜欢大自然) vacation plan(假期计划) take a long vacation(度一个长假)7.识记运用：be famous for(因而著名) be famous as(作为而著名) 例：Jay Chou is famous for singing. Jay Chou is famous as a singer. think about doing sth.(考虑做某事) 例：He thought about going to Greece or Spain yesterday. decide on sth.(决定于) / decide to do sth.（决定做） 例：He decides on Canada. He decides to play basketball with me. something different(一些不同的事) something , anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody, someone, anyone等为不定代词，修饰不定代词的词应放在不定代词的后面 例：I dont want to do anything else. He needs to meet someone strange. leave from(从离开) leave for.(离开去) 例：Im leaving from Beijing tomorrow.(我明天要离开北京) Im leaving for Beijing tomorrow.(我明天要离开这儿去北京) plan to do sth.(计划做某事) 例：He plans to have a very relaxing vacation. cant wait to do sth.(迫不及待要做某事) 例：I cant wait to meet my friends now. hear sb. do sth.(听见某人做过某事) hear sb. doing sth.(听见某人正做某事) hear+句子 例：I heard a boy crying in the corner at 11 oclock last night. I heard a boy play the piano last year. I heard that Canada is beautiful. finish sth. / finish doing sth.(完成 / 完成做) 例：I finished my homework just now. I finished doing my homework just now. make my last movie(拍最近一部电影)8.识记：tourist guide(导游) look after = take care of = babysit(照顾) look after sb. well = take good care of（照顾好） Unit four How do you get to school?1.识记：get to / reach / arrive in+大地点/arrive at+小地点（到达）2.理解运用： How do you get to school? I take the bus / subway / the train / plane / car to school. = I get to school by bus / subway / train / plane / car. I ride the bike to school. = I get to school by bike. I walk to school. = I go to school on foot. How does he go to school? He takes a bus / subway / train / plane / car to school. He goes to school by bus / subway / train / plane / car3.理解运用： -How long does it take? -It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 例：It takes me five minutes to go to school.4.理解运用：-How far is it from his home to school? -Its about 10 kilometers.5.识记：shower=take a shower=have a shower(洗澡) have a quick breakfast(吃快餐) early bus(早班车) the bus ride6.识记：bus stop(小车站) bus station(大车站)7.理解运用：Thomas wants to know where Nina lives how far from school she lives. how she gets to school (当两个句子在同一个句子中时，第二个句子只能作为第一个句子的从句。所有从句都要用陈述句语序) （陈述句语序：主语+谓语+其它）8.识记：transportation(交通) all over the world = around the world(全世界) North America(北美) in other parts of the world(在世界的其它地方) depend on（取决于） 例：It depends on what you want to do. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus.9.区别运用：a (large / small) number of the number of 例：A number of students take the subway to school. The number of students takes the subway to school.10.识记：at last = finally(最终) Unit five Can you come to my party? 1.识记：go to the doctor / see a doctor(看医生 / 看病) have a piano lesson(上钢琴课)2.理解运用： -Can you come to my party? -Certainly / Of course / Sure, Id love to.(接受邀请时的回答) Sorry, I have to(拒绝邀请时的回答)3.识记运用：Thanks for inviting me. Thanks for your invitation invite sb. to do sth.(邀请某人做某事) 例：I invite you to come to my birthday party.4.识记：the day after tomorrow 后天 the day before yesterday 前天 tennis training 网球训练 chemistry test 化学测试 keep quiet = be quiet geography project 地理作业 culture club文化俱乐部 the whole day = all day come over to 顺便来访 science re