现代大学英语精读5 Lesson 5 love is a fallacy.ppt

讲课人 苏安梅 华南农业大学外国语学院 Loveisafallacy MaxShulman 讲课人 苏安梅 pre readingquestions whatdoesthenarratorthinkabouthimself Toexchangeforthegirlhewanted whatdidhehavetogive IsPollyaperfectcandidateforhisfuturewife HowdidhislessononlogicworkwithPolly DidhesucceedinwinningPolly Whynot 讲课人 苏安梅 Onlove Iftogiveanindividualdefinitiontolove whatwillyourdefinitionbe 讲课人 苏安梅 华南农业大学外国语学院 MaxShulman AffairsofDobieGillis 1953 讲课人 苏安梅 Author snote WhatdoestheauthorthinkofhisownessaycomparedtothoseoftheCharlesLamb s Whatisthisessaylikeaccordingtotheauthor AndcomparedwiththosewrittenbyCarlyleandRuskin 讲课人 苏安梅 华南农业大学外国语学院 CharlesLamb CharlesLamb 1775 1834 wasanEnglishessayist bestknownforhisEssaysofElia Eliawashispenname andforthechildren sbookTalesfromShakespeare whichheproducedalongwithhissister MaryLamb 讲课人 苏安梅 华南农业大学外国语学院 ThomasCarlyle 1795 1881 BritishhistorianandessayistTheFrenchRevolution 1837 OnHeroes HeroWorshipandtheHeroicinHistory 1841 andPastandPresent 1843 讲课人 苏安梅 华南农业大学外国语学院 JohnRuskin 1819 1900 artist scientist poet environmentalist philosopher andthepre eminentartcriticofhistime 讲课人 苏安梅 thatlogic farfrombeingadry passion andtrauma Metaphorandhyperbole It sametaphorcomparinglogictoalivinghumanbeing Itisahyperbolebecauseitexaggeratesforthesakeofeffect Logicisnotatalladry learnedbranchoflearning Itislikealivinghumanbeing fullofbeauty passionandpainfulemotionalshocks 讲课人 苏安梅 Hyperbole Afigureofspeechwiththedeliberateuseofoverstatementorexaggerationtoachieveemphasis Eg Hamlet IloveOphelia fortythousandbrotherscouldnot withalltheirquantityoflove makeupmysum Shakespeare HamletIBMThinkPad Wheretheworld smostinnovativepeoplechoosetothink 2003Ad 讲课人 苏安梅 Wordsandexpressions MonthofSundays alongtimeTounfetterMemorableLimp flaccid spongyWithoutdoubtFarfrom notatallDisciplineTrauma 讲课人 苏安梅 Paras4 6coolIVsdumbPetey Whatdoes I thinkofhimself Isitcommontohavea18 year oldsobrilliant accordingtohimself Whatdoesthenarratorthinkofhisroommate Petey comparingtohimself WhydoesheconsiderPeteydumbasanox 讲课人 苏安梅 Keen calculating Iwasallofthese Keen calculating perspicacious acuteandastuteallrefertounusualmentalagilityorperceptiveness Keensuggestsavigorousandforcefulabilitytograpplewithcomplexorobscureproblems e g akeenmindfordistinctions Sometimesbyanalogywithgoodvision thewordmaysuggestanabilitytoobservedetailsandseethemaspartofalargerpattern e g akeenunderstandingoftheproblemsfacingtheconservationmovement 讲课人 苏安梅 Acutesuggestsafinesensitivityorreceptivitytonuancesthatmightescapeothers e g anacuteawarenessoftheslightestambiguityineachstatementmadebyhisopponent itmightalsoimplyahigh keyedstateofnervousattentionthatisnotsustainableforlong e g anacutealertness heightenedbythestrangesilenceintheenemytrenches 讲课人 苏安梅 Astutesuggestsathoroughandprofoundunderstanding stemmingfromascholarlyorexperiencedmindthatisinfullcommandofagivenfield e g anastuteassessmentofthestrengthsandweaknessoftheplansforreorganizingthedepartment anastuteevaluationofthegapsonourknowledgeofhowlifeevolved 讲课人 苏安梅 Perspicaciousisthemostformalofthesewords itstressesintensityofperception e g aperspicaciousremarkthatilluminatedthewholeproblemforallofthem Calculatingmeansshrewdorcunning 讲课人 苏安梅 Mybrainwasaspowerfulasadynamo ascalpel SimileandHyperboleThenarratoruse3similestopraisehimself whichshowshispomposity 讲课人 苏安梅 Hyperbole Afigureofspeechwiththedeliberateuseofoverstatementorexaggerationtoachieveemphasis Eg Hamlet IloveOphelia fortythousandbrotherscouldnot withalltheirquantityoflove makeupmysum Shakespeare HamletIBMThinkPad Wheretheworld smostinnovativepeoplechoosetothink 2003Ad 讲课人 苏安梅 Sameage samebackground butdumbasanox Ellipsis HeandIarethesameageandhavethesamebackgroundbutheisasdumbasox Theuseofellipticalsentences togetherwithshortsentencesanddasheshelpmaintainthespeedofthenarration dumbasanox Simile asstupidasanox verystupid ThiskindofsimilereflectsdifferencesinculturebecausetheChinesewouldnotconsideranoxdumbbutwouldlinkdumbnesstoadonkey 讲课人 苏安梅 nothingupstairs nothingupstairs Americanslang empty headed anitwitThecorrespondingBritishslangis unfurnishedintheupperstorey 讲课人 苏安梅 Fads negationofreason Ibelievefollowingpassingcrazesshowsacompletelackofsoundjudgment Submit toofferasanopinion suggest proposeVerynegation thecomplete absolute lackoroppositeofsomepositivecharacterorqualityReason soundthoughtorjudgment goodsense 讲课人 苏安梅 Wordsandexpressions keen calculating perspicaciousAcuteandastuteAgiantintellectDumbasanoxNothingupstairsImpressionableTosweepaway tobesweptawayTosurrenderoneselfto Theacmeof 讲课人 苏安梅 Paras7 59thedeal I camebacktothedormitorytofindpeteyalldepressed Why Whydoeshewanttohavearaccooncoatsobadly WithwhatpurposedidIhelphimtogetthecoat whatkindofgirlwasPolly WheredidIgetthecoat 讲课人 苏安梅 华南农业大学外国语学院 Raccoonandraccooncoat 讲课人 苏安梅 Shewas tobesure agirlwhoexcitedtheemotions Shewasbeautifulandattractiveenoughtoarousethedesiresandpassionsofmen 讲课人 苏安梅 ButIwasnotone entirelycerebralreason butIwouldnotletfeelingsoremotionsgettheupperhandofreasonorgoodsense I mguidedinmyactionsbyreasonandgoodsenseandnotbyfeelingsandemotions toletmyheartrulemyhead metonymy Heart standsfor feelingsandemotions and head for reasonandgoodsense 讲课人 苏安梅 shrewd clever sharpinpracticalaffairscalculated undertakenoracceptedaftertheprobableresultshavebeenestimatedcerebral humorous requiringtheuseoftheintellect intellectualratherthanemotional 讲课人 苏安梅 Withoneomission Pollyfittedthespecificationsperfectly Specification usu plural astatementorenumerationofparticulars astoactualorrequiredsize quality performance terms etc Noticetheuseof specifications Thenarratorwantedtosoundexactlylikesomebodytalkingaboutaseriousbusinesstransaction 讲课人 苏安梅 Pin up Americancolloquialism designatingagirlwhosesexualattractivenessmakesherasubjectforthekindofpicturesoftenpinneduponwallsproportion lines shapesofthebodysupplythelack supplywhatiswantingHeimpliesthattimewillgiveheraperfectfigure Buthedeliberatelyavoidsusingthoseexplicitwordsdescribingfemalephysicalattractions 讲课人 苏安梅 Shealreadyhadthemakings Makings thematerialorqualitiesneededforthemakingordevelopmentofsomethingShealreadyhadallthephysicalqualitiesneededfordevelopingintoaverybeautifulwoman 讲课人 苏安梅 Carriage bearing poise Synonymous bearing inthecontext denotesmannerofcarryingorconductingoneselfandreferstocharacteristicphysicalandmentalposture Carriage alsoappliestoposture specificallystressesthephysicalaspectsofaperson sbearing e g anerectcarriage 讲课人 苏安梅 potroast meat usuallyalargecutofbeef cookedinonepiecebybraisingwithoutevengettingherfingersmoist showingherdaintyandrefinedtablemanner Herfingersdidn tevengetslightlywet Theimpliedhumoristhatthewomanhadanusuallygoodappetite Shewolfeddowneverything 讲课人 苏安梅 Infactsheveeredintheoppositedirection veer tochangedirection toshift toturnorswingaround Infact shewentintheoppositedirection Thisisasarcasticwayofsayingthatshewasratherstupid 讲课人 苏安梅 Imeanareyougoingsteadyoranythinglikethat togosteady Americancolloquialism todatesomeoneoftheoppositesexregularlyandexclusively besweetheartsImeanareyoutwosweethearts 讲课人 苏安梅 Isaidwithamysteriouswink Atransferredepithet Hesaidmysteriouslywithawink thewinkwasnotmysterious 讲课人 苏安梅 华南农业大学外国语学院 StutzBearcat斯图兹勇士 讲课人 苏安梅 Hewasatornman Hewasagitatedandtormented notknowingwhatwastherightthingtodo 讲课人 苏安梅 Thenheturnedawayandsethisjawresolutely Sethisjaw heputhisjawinafixedorrigidposition Thisactionshowshisfixed unyieldingdetermination 讲课人 苏安梅 hejuststoodandstaredwithmadlustathecoat Hyperbole It sanexaggerationtodescribehislongingforthecoatas madlust Hestoodthere lookingwithgreatlongingatthecoat Madlust frantic insane overmasteringdesire 讲课人 苏安梅 It sjustbeenacasualkick justafewlaughs that sall Casualkick Americanslang anoccasionalpleasure acasualrelationship apassingaffair notaserouscommitmentAfinalreasonthateasesPetey sconscience Weoccasionallywentoutforabitoffun that sall 讲课人 苏安梅 Wordsandexpressions Incredulous incredibleBeintheswimItsohappenedthat TocovetTosmartenupReverentTosetone sjawTogosteadywithsb 讲课人 苏安梅 Paras60 61thefirstdate Howdidthenarrator sfirstdategowithPolly FromthelanguagePollyused whatkindofgirlisshe WithPolly sdishearteningstupidity didthenarratorintendtogiveherup 讲课人 苏安梅 Polly slanguage ThewriterdeliberatelymakesPollyusealotofexclamatorywordslike Gee O wow dow andclippedvulgarformslike delish marvy sensaysh etc tocreatetheimpressionofasimpleandratherstupidgirl Polly slanguagestronglycontrastswiththatofthenarrator s thusincreasingtheforceofsatireandirony 讲课人 苏安梅 LanguageinPara61 Formal ThenarratorfeltdepressedafterthefirstdatewithPolly Tobringthisfeelingout andtocreateahumorouseffect thewriterusesformalphrasessuchas withaheavyheart gravelyunderestimatedthesizeofthetask lackofinformation aprojectofnosmalldimensions etc 讲课人 苏安梅 Thisloomedasaprojectofnosmalldimensions Toteachhertothinkappearedtobeaveybigtask andatfirstIeventhoughtofgivingherbacktopetey Nosmalldimensions understatementorlitotes 讲课人 苏安梅 Understatement Litotes meiosis afigureofspeechwithdeliberateuseofunderstatingafact impressingthelistenerorthereadermorebywhatismereimpliedorleftunsaidthanbybarestatement Litotes understatementbytheuseofnegativeHewasamanofnomeanwealth It snolaughingmatter Meiosis understatementwithouttheuseofnegation 讲课人 苏安梅 ButthenIgottothinkaboutherabundantphysicalcharms knifeandfork Thewaysheenteredaroom hercarriageandpoiseofbearingThewayshehandledaknifeandfork herrefinedtablemannersInthissentence thenarratorrecapitulatesPolly sgoodpointsorthosequalitieswhichmadehimchoosePollyashisprospectivewife 讲课人 苏安梅 Wordsandexpressions AheavyheartBetemptedtoAbundant 讲课人 苏安梅 Paras62 98thefirstlogiclesson WhydidthenarratorwanttoteachPollylogic DidthefirstlogiclessongoverywellwithPolly Was I readytogiveupyet 讲课人 苏安梅 youwouldgofartofindanothersoagreeable It snotthateasytofindagirlsoagreeable 讲课人 苏安梅 Itwillbebetterifyoustoptuggingmysleeves Itwillbebetter arequestshowingdispleasureIt squitebrusqueforthenarratortosaythingstoPollyinthisway showinghisdisrespectforPolly 讲课人 苏安梅 Iwasgettingnowherewiththisgirl Getnowhere tomakenoprogress accomplishnothing Iwasmakingnoprogresswiththisgirl 讲课人 苏安梅 Thisgirlsimplyhadalogic proofhead proof resistantto unaffectedby E g logic proof fireproof waterproof etc Pollyhadaheadthatwasresistanttologic 讲课人 苏安梅 Whoknew Arhetoricalquestion expressingsomedoubtorsomehope HemightsucceedinteachingPollysomelogic Nobodycouldtellforsure 讲课人 苏安梅 Maybesomewhereinthe afewembersstillsmoldered MparingPolly smindtotheextinctcraterofavolcane and embers tosomesparksofintelligence PerhapsthereisstillsomeintelligenceleftinPolly sempty orstupid mind 也许在她死火山般的脑袋里 还有一点余火仍在闪烁冒烟 讲课人 苏安梅 Admittedlyitwasnotaprospectfraughtwithhope Admittedly bygeneraladmission everyonewilladmitthat Tobefraughtwith tobefilled charged orloadedwithOnemustadmitthattheoutcomedoesnotlookveryhopeful 讲课人 苏安梅 Wordsandexpressions Haveallthefactsatone sfingertipsTrystingplaceEarnestlyItwillbebetterif ExasperationToplungeaheadTobefraughtwith 讲课人 苏安梅 Paras99 123thesecondlogiclesson DidthenarratorfinallysucceedtomakePollyunderstandsomelogiconthesecondlogiclesson 讲课人 苏安梅 itjustknockedmeout Knock oneself out Americanslang toelicitenthusiasmoranemotionalresponse especiallydeepsympathyorlaughterIwasexcitedandfilledwithpleasurebythemovie 讲课人 苏安梅 ThatWalterPidgeonissodreamy That adjective designatingsomeonenotdescribedbutwellknownoreasilyrecognizable Dreamy Americanslang ageneraltermofapproval excellent wonderful delightful etc Thatwell knownactorWalterPidgeonissowonderful 讲课人 苏安梅 Thereisalimittowhatfleshandbloodcanbear Fleshandblood synecdoche materialforthethingmadeThereisalimittowhatanyhumanbeingcanbear 讲课人 苏安梅 Poisoningthewell Thelogicalfallacy adhominem orspeaking againsttheman ratherthantotheissue Thewritercompares thepersonalattackonapersonholdingsomethesis to poisoningthewell ametaphor 讲课人 苏安梅 Iwatchedhercloselyassheknit inconcentration Knitthebrow todrawthebrowstogether aswhenthinkingveryhard Creamy soft whitecolor ofPolly scomplexion Iwatchedherasshethoughtveryhard 讲课人 苏安梅 aglimmerofintelligence cameintohereyes Aglimmerofintelligence 一丝智慧的闪光FromhereyesIcouldseethatforthefirsttimeshewasbeginningtounderstandtheproblem 讲课人 苏安梅 withanairywaveofherhand Shewavedherhandinavivaciousorgaymanner Thisshowedthatshewaspleasedwiththepraiseshereceivedfromherboyfriend 讲课人 苏安梅 OverandoverandoveragainI withoutlet up Tohammeraway at tokeepemphasizingortalkingaboutLet up stopping relaxingOverandoveragainIgaveexamplesandpointedoutthelogicalmistakesinvolved Ikeptemphasizingallthiswithoutstopping 讲课人 苏安梅 Wordsandexpressions ToappealtosthBlubberBriefToknockoneselfoutHamstring tohamstringTohammerawayat Topersist 讲课人 苏安梅 Para124 theproposal DidthenarratorlovePolly HowdidPollyrespondtothenarrator sargumentsforgoingsteadywithher Whydidherejecthim 讲课人 苏安梅 IhadmadealogicianoutofPolly IhadturnedPollyintoalogician Tomakealogicianoutofpolly 把波莉培养成了逻辑学家 讲课人 苏安梅 Shewasafitwifeforme formywell heeledchildren Mansion alarge imposinghouse statelyresidenceWell heeledchildren Americanslang rich prosperousHerethenarratordescribestherole whichhethinks awifeshouldplay Firstsheshouldbeaproperhostessofarichmanwhoownsmanymansions Inotherwordssheshouldbegoodatentertaininghisrichfriendsandclientsandthusfurtherhiscareer Second sheshouldbeagoodmotherandproperlylookafterhisrichandrosperouschildren 讲课人 苏安梅 Pygmalion Pygmalion inRomanmythology sculptorofCyprus Pygmalionhatedwomenandresolvednevertomarry Heworked however formanymonthsonastatueofabeautifulwoman andeventuallyfellmadlyinlovewithit Disconsolatebecausethestatueremainedlifelessandcouldnotrespondtohiscaresses PygmalionprayedtoVenus goddessoflove tosendhimamaidenlikehisstatue Venusansweredhisprayerbyendowingthestatuewithlife Themaiden whomPygmalioncalledGalatea returnedhisloveandborehimason Paphos fromwhomthecitysacredtoVenusreceiveditsname 讲课人 苏安梅 PygmalionbyBernardShaw Basedonclassicalmyth BernardShaw sPygmalionplaysonthecomplexbusinessofhumanrelationshipsinasocialworld PhoneticsProfessorHenryHigginstutorstheveryCockneyElizaDoolittle notonlyintherefinementofspeech butalsointherefinementofhermanner WhentheendresultproducesaveryladylikeMissDoolittle thelessonslearnedbecomemuchmorefarreaching ThesuccessfulmusicalMyFairLadywasbasedonthisBernardShawclassic 讲课人 苏安梅 Ibegyourpardon Apoliteformulaofapology disagreement etc Herethenarratorusesthispoliteformulatoexpresshissurpriseanddisbelief HedidnotknowwhattomakeofPolly sanswer 讲课人 苏安梅 Thedearchildhadlearnedherlessonswell ThisfreshmanadoptedaverypatronizingattitudetowardsPolly pattingherhandinatolerantmanner Heispatronizingnotonlyinspeechandtonebutalsoinaction Hepattedherhandinsuchawayastoshowthathewasreadytoignoresomethinghedidnotquitelike 讲课人 苏安梅 IwasnotPygmalion mymonsterhadmebythethroat Tohavesb Bythethroat attackbyseizingandsqueezingone sthroat 讲课人 苏安梅 华南农业大学外国语学院 Frankenstein Shelley MaryWollstonecraft 1797 1851 Englishnovelist Daugh