江苏省沭阳县2017届高三英语一轮复习：虚拟语气导学案

1 高三英语第一轮语法复习高三英语第一轮语法复习 虚拟语气导学案虚拟语气导学案 虚拟语气一直是英语语法的难点之一 由于英汉差异以及中外各语法家对虚拟语气一直是英语语法的难点之一 由于英汉差异以及中外各语法家对 虚拟的不同论述虚拟的不同论述 学生们对这一语法现象经常存有疑惑学生们对这一语法现象经常存有疑惑 学习起来比较困难 学习起来比较困难 为为 了有效促进虚拟教学了有效促进虚拟教学 帮助学生掌握虚拟语气帮助学生掌握虚拟语气 首先统计出两组学生在各个具体虚首先统计出两组学生在各个具体虚 拟语法结构中的总体出错情况拟语法结构中的总体出错情况 然后比较了两组学生在他们都犯错较多的几个虚然后比较了两组学生在他们都犯错较多的几个虚 拟结构中的出错状况 最后依据三大错误类型拟结构中的出错状况 最后依据三大错误类型 语际错误语际错误 语内错误和特殊错误语内错误和特殊错误 对错误原因做了详细的讨论 研究结果显示学生们比较容易犯语内错误对错误原因做了详细的讨论 研究结果显示学生们比较容易犯语内错误 且他们且他们 的出错情况和英语水平无关 通过进一步分析的出错情况和英语水平无关 通过进一步分析 把语内错误再细分为过度泛化性把语内错误再细分为过度泛化性 规则非完整应用规则非完整应用 概念假设和虚拟规则判断错误概念假设和虚拟规则判断错误 并对这些细分的错误类型做了具并对这些细分的错误类型做了具 体的示例解释 为了帮助学生有效应对这些错误体的示例解释 为了帮助学生有效应对这些错误 采用测试卷中学生的错题为例采用测试卷中学生的错题为例 针对三大错误类型针对三大错误类型 提出了具体的应对方法 提出了具体的应对方法 最后得出了教学启示最后得出了教学启示 希望教师能希望教师能 重视虚拟问题并提高自身教学能力重视虚拟问题并提高自身教学能力 帮助学生提高虚拟应用和交际能力 帮助学生提高虚拟应用和交际能力 Teaching aims 1 Review the different forms of subjunctive mood 2 the use of subjunctive mood of if clause Difficult points the use of subjunctive mood of if clause Step 1 Greetings Step2 Presentation Read the following essay and pay special attention to the sentences underlined 你你 能说出它们的语法结构吗 能说出它们的语法结构吗 Today we buried our 20 year old son He was killed instantly in a motorcycle accident yesterday How I wish I had known when I talked to him last that it would be the last time If I had only known I would have said Jim I love you and I m so very proud of you Step3 New materials 一 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 一 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 If I be a superman now I protect people who are in 2 danger If I get much money I donate some to people suffering the earthquake If I live on the moon I see the beauty Chang e 思考 思考 观察上面句子中的谓语动词 找出虚拟现在谓语动词的规律 总结 1 Opposite to the present truth 与现在事实相反时 主 从句谓语构成与现在事实相反时 主 从句谓语构成 条件从句谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 备注 would intention plan expected result 意图 计划 必然结果 could ability possibility 能够 可能性 might possibility 可能性 should suggestion 建议 课堂操练 课堂操练 Translation 如果我是你 我可能会告诉他真相 If I you I him the truth 要是我哥哥在这儿 一切都会很顺利的 If my brother here everything all right 要是我哥哥昨天在这儿 一切都会很顺利的 If my brother here everything all right 思考 比较一下 两个句子 发现什么不同了吗 3 Read and learn 1 If the brave old man hadn t helped the lady he couldn t have been injured 2 If the robber hadn t attacked Mr Yu he wouldn t have been killed 3 If they hadn t committed a crime they wouldn t have been caught by the police 思考 思考 研究一下上面句子的结构 分清楚句子结构有什么不同 总结 2 Opposite to the past truth 与过去事实相反时 主 从句谓语构成 与过去事实相反时 主 从句谓语构成 主句谓语动词结构 从句谓语动词结构 课堂操练 1 If he drive more carefully he not cause the car accident yesterday 2 If Tom be more careful in the exam he pass it already 3 If you get up earlier you catch the first train 4 If I meet you yesterday we go to the concert together Read and learn Would you please help me move house tomorrow I d like to but I have a meeting tomorrow If I got time tomorrow I would certainly help you That s all right Thank you all the same 课堂操练 1 If I have free time this Friday I go to the party However I ll attend a meeting that day What a pity 2 If it be the Spring Festival tomorrow I get some 4 pocket money 总结 比较两个句子谓语动词的结构有什么不同 3 Opposite to the future truth 与将来事实相反时 主 从句谓语构成 从句谓语动词结构 主句谓语动词结构 课堂操练 1 如果明天下雨 运动会将会被推迟 如果明天下雨 运动会将会被推迟 If it rained tomorrow the sports meet would be put off If it tomorrow the sports meet would be put off Step4 注意以下几方面注意以下几方面 1 虚拟语气在非真实条件从句中的倒装情况虚拟语气在非真实条件从句中的倒装情况 1 to do the work I should do it some other day A If were I B I were C If I were D Was I E Were I If I were to do the work I should do it some other day Were I to do the work I should do it some other day 2 it rain tomorrow we would have to put off the visit to the park A Were B Should C Would D Will Should it rain tomorrow we would have to put off the visit to the park If it should rain tomorrow we would have to put off the visit to the park 3 for the doctor s careful treatment he till last year A If it is not can t live B Were it not couldn t live C If it hadn t been couldn t have lived D Had it not been couldn t have lived E If they were not couldn t live 5 if it is not for but for without 要不是要不是 If it hadn t been for the doctor s careful treatment he couldn t have lived till last year Had it not been for the doctor s careful treatment he couldn t have lived till last year 总结 在在 if 引导的非真实条件句中引导的非真实条件句中 should were 和和 had 可以放在句首 这种情况下 可以放在句首 这种情况下 if 省略省略 备注 1 如果如果 had 是实义动词 表示是实义动词 表示 有有 时 则不可以移到句首 时 则不可以移到句首 正 正 If we had time to spare we would go to see a film 误 误 Had we time to spare we would go to see a film 2 含蓄条件句 含蓄条件句 重 难点 重 难点 1 with without but for 等介词短语代替条件句相当于 if it is not for 要不 是 But for the rain the crops would have died If Without the teacher s help he couldn t have made such great progress in English If 真实情况和虚拟语气混合 重 难点 真实情况和虚拟语气混合 重 难点 I was ill that day Otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meeting 副词 I would have taken part in the sports meeting but I was ill that day 连词 He telephoned to inform me of your birthday or I would have known nothing about it 连词 I might have given you more help but I was too busy 连词 if Given more time we could have done it better 分词短语 If 1 Without your help we such rapid progress A couldn t make B wouldn t make C will not have made D wouldn t have 6 made 2 I could have called you for help but I your number A couldn t have remembered B didn t remember C should have remembered D hadn t remembered 3 错综时间 错综时间 mixed time 条件句或混合虚拟语气条件句或混合虚拟语气 If you had gone to bed earlier last night you wouldn t be sleepy now 如果你刚才向右转 你现在就不会有麻烦了 If you turn right just now you be in trouble now It s hard to image what I would be doing today if I in love at the age of seven with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown A wouldn t have fallen B had no fallen C should fall D were to fall Step5 Exercise 1 Without your help we such rapid progress A couldn t make B wouldn t make C will not have made D wouldn t have made 2 But for the there were no help from the UN those women able to set up their shop A would not have been B would not be C Could not be D will not be 3 I am busy now otherwise or if I were not so busy I you the work A Will do B would help C would have done D could have done 4 If you had listened to the talk about the UN yesterday you the answer to the question now A would know B would have known C will have known D might have known 7 5 If I were you now I my holiday in France A would spend B will spend C would have spent D could have spent Step6 Summarize Unreal conditionals with if 虚拟语气在条件从句中的结构 虚拟语气在条件从句中的结构 虚拟语气在非真实条件句 if 状语从句中的用法 完成下列表格内容 类型 谓语形式If 从句主句 1对 present 虚拟 V past 2对 past 虚拟 3对 future 虚拟 1 2 3 Step7 Consolidation 高考链接 高考链接 1 You didn t let me drive If we in turn you so tired A drove didn t get B drove wouldn t get C were driving wouldn t get D had driven wouldn t have got 2 it rain tomorrow we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge A Were B Should C Would D Will 3 If you with George earlier you so angry now A talked would not be B had talked would not be C would talk would not be D had talked would not have been 4 If we had taken such effective measures much earlier the river so seriously now 8 A is not polluted B would not be polluted C had not been polluted D would not have been polluted 5 Without electricity human being life quite different today A is B will be C would have been D would be 6 But for his help I A should not have succeeded B have not succeeded C did not succeed D had not succeeded 8 Why didn t you buy it I but I didn t have the money A would B would have C had had D had bought 提醒 虚拟语气在其他从句中的使用 提醒 虚拟语气在其他从句中的使用 第一种情况 第一种情况 与现在 将来相反用过去时 与过去时间相反使用过去完成时 1 wish would rather 后 但 would rather 后所跟句子 注意 不跟过去将来时 I would rather you came tomorrow instead of today I would rather you had come yesterday 比较 I would rather come tomorrow instead of today 相似的用法还有 as if 好像 if only 要是 就好了 It s high time that 是该干 的时候了 Eg 1 I wish I to the moon A fly B would fly C could fly 2 Eliza remember everything exactly as if it yesterday A was happening B happens C has happened D happened 3 it stopped raining now A