新人教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）D卷

第 1 页 共 10 页 新人教版新人教版 20202020 年备战中考初中英语专项训练年备战中考初中英语专项训练 阅读理解 科普环保类 阅读理解 科普环保类 D D 卷卷 姓名姓名 班级班级 成绩成绩 一 一 阅读理解阅读理解 共共 5 5 题 共题 共 5252 分分 1 10 分 2019 东莞模拟 阅读短文 从每小题所给的四个选项中 选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句 子的最佳答案 For us humans one of the greatest experiences is to taste all kinds of delicious food But for penguins they cannot get a taste of this happiness That s because penguins can t actually taste the delicious flavors 味道 of their favorite food fish Scientists from the University of Michigan examined the genome 基因组 of five species of penguins They found that no one can taste umami 鲜味 the flavor of meat or fish the BBC reported Many animals have five basic tastes sweet sour salty bitter and umami But according to genetic data penguins are believed to have only sour and salty tastes These findings are surprising and puzzling And scientists don t have a good explanation for them But they have a few ideas First one of the umami genes doesn t work in cold temperatures It s about zero degrees when they eat cold fish Zhang Jianzhi the lead scientist told the Daily Mail so even if the penguins had a functional 功能的 gene it might not work when they needed it Second penguins tongues 舌头 are very special which may have something to do with their lack of taste Instead of being covered with taste buds which help to taste food penguins tongues are very spiky This is better for them to hold slippery 滑的 fish than tasting them One study even showed that some types of penguins don t even have taste buds However penguins seem to be managing just fine Their behavior of swallowing food whole and their tongue structure and function suggest that penguins need no taste perception said Zhang 第 2 页 共 10 页 1 How many tastes do penguins have A Four B Three C Two D Five 2 From the passage we can learn that A temperatures can decide the umami genes of penguins B the umami genes in penguins would work when needed C penguins umami genes work well in cold temperatures D penguins tongues are very slippery 3 The underlined word spiky means A 圆滑的 B 美味的 C 钉子似的 D 软绵绵的 4 All of the following decide that penguins need no taste perception EXCEPT A they always swallow food whole B they live in cold temperatures C their tongue function is different D their tongue structure is special 5 The study finds that A different penguins have their own favorite fish 第 3 页 共 10 页 B penguins have different genomes for the five tastes C penguins don t have any of the five basic tastes D penguins can t taste the flavor of fish 2 12 分 阅读理解 An atlas is a book of maps Atlases are made with different kinds of information about different parts and areas of a country or the world They are prepared for desk use or travel use Desk atlases are made for different groups of people with different needs For example students may use desk atlases to help learn Geography and other people may use desk atlases to study a place A popular type of the latest atlas shows the recent fact of the world New atlases are often carefully produced to help people learn about the changes such as name changes boundary 界 changes and other important new information A desk atlas can also have some different maps of the same place For example an atlas may include maps showing population and important products of a place Travel atlases usually show the information about both natural and man made features 特点 So it is not surprising to find universities airports forests rivers roads as well as cities towns and villages in them A travel atlas is often the first thing people need when they want to start a trip in a strange place It often has a map of a whole country and a map with more special information of each important place in the country Take the atlas of the United States as an example it often has a map of the whole country and then a map of each of the fifty states A travel atlas may also point out the beautiful natural places In the USA the atlas may include national parks such as the Yellowstone National Park and some others to show the beauty of nature and interesting places to tourists 1 An atlas is according to the passage A a guide book B a history book 第 4 页 共 10 页 C a collection of pictures D a collection of maps 2 How many kinds of atlases are mentioned in the passage A One B Two C Three D Many 3 From the passage we know people need newly produced atlases because A they can t see the old ones clearly B they like to buy different ones C something has changed D something is missing 4 According to the passage people can find the information about in a travel atlas of Shaanxi A the population of Shaanxi B the local products of Shaanxi C the Yellowstone National Park D Xi an Jiaotong University 3 10 分 2016 哈尔滨 根据短文内容 选择最佳答案 Have you ever seen the movie Big Hero 6 Baymax 大白 is a main character in the movie He s a friendly big robot that looks after people s health If there is a robot like Baymax in our real life people will get more benefits The robot will be especially helpful in caring for the old The health of old people needs greater monitoring and care 第 5 页 共 10 页 Scientists in America are now working to make Baymax a really 实现 Actually They have already produced some health care robots These robots provide brain video games to improve people s memory The garner can help the old remember things for longer Besides these provide special app 应用程序 to help the old manage their health at home The apps can check the old people heart rate 心率 and tell them to take their medicine on lime The apps can also record their daily activities Such collected information helps doctors discover the cause of an illness faster and more correctly But the health care robots are t as clever as Baymax yet Nowadays scientists are working on improving the health care robots They pope the robots can produce electricity by walking across the floor If they succeed batteries will not be needed They also hope the robots communicate with humans in the daily life so to make people happier and healthier Scientists are trying to realize these dreams Like Baymax these health care robots may save people s lives in the future We are looking forward to them 1 The underlined word monitoring in the passage means in Chinese A 监测 B 娱乐 C 危害 2 According to the passage Baymax is A a friendly small robot that looks after people s health B as clever as the health care robots in real life C a main character in the movie Big Hero 6 3 In the passage the health care robots that have been produced by scientists A can t improve people s memory B can communicate with humane in the daily life C can help the old manage their health at home 第 6 页 共 10 页 4 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage A Nowadays the health care robots ran product electricity by walking across the floor B Both the doctors and the old who use the health care robots can get help from them C The health earn robots can provide video games to check a person s heart rate 5 What is the passage mainly about A It s mainly about the movie Big Hero 6 B It s mainly about the health care robots C It s mainly about the importance of health 4 10 分 阅读下列短文 从下面每小题的 A B C D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 Ming Xi is a famous Chinese model She has worked for the Victoria s Secret Fashion Show since 2013 But in Shanghai in 2017 Ming Xi immediately lost calm as she suffered an epic 史诗般的 fall at the 22nd yearly show She was laughed at because of her wrong body language Body language is so important It can show how you re really feeling about a person or a situation A lot of times the way your body is talking says more than what you re saying out loud The following are some tricks on how to be a successful model You ll Become Whatever You re Feeling Naomi Campbell who has been in the modeling industry for almost 30 years now said If you feel fear fear will become you If there s a way you want to convey yourself do it through body language first Posture 姿势 Is Everything Having good posture when you sit stand and walk shows that you re not only confident in what you re doing but that you know what you re doing Keep Your Hands Calm Being able to keep your hands calm shows that you re calm Biting your nails and touching your hair or face a lot are nervous habits 第 7 页 共 10 页 Where You Stand Is Important It s important to show how close you re willing to be and how you really feel about a situation If you stand too far away from others then you can seem shy and really reserved Keep Your Head Up Walk in a confident stance and make sure your head is held up When you have your head down you look lost and shy 1 When did Victoria s Secret Fashion Show start A In 2017 B In 2013 C In 1995 D In 1991 2 Why did Ming Xi fail on the show in Shanghai A Because she was confident B Because she lost calm when she fell C Because she was too proud of herself D Because she didn t have any experience 3 Who is Naomi Campbell A A famous doctor B A famous model C A famous musician D A famous scientist 4 What does the underlined word convey mean A Express 第 8 页 共 10 页 B Accept C Save D Hurt 5 10 分 2018 建邺模拟 阅读理解 A company says it has completed the first 3D printed home recently The home was shown to reporters and visitors at a music festival The building company has developed large 3D printers that build homes with mortar a hard and strong material It uses robotics computer programs and advanced materials to make houses Jason Ballard is the company s chief engineer So I m standing in front of the first 3D printed home in America This house was actually printed in high winds blowing dust and rain It is important for the printing programmes to operate in bad weather conditions such as weather disasters The goal is to print homes in developing countries So the printer has to be light enough to move from one property to the next Ballard imagines that someday many 3D printers will operate around the world to make homes It s actually a lot more simple to build a printer than it is to build a house he said We ran this printer at about a quarter speed to print this house and completed it in about 48 hours of print time The company developed this technology not to make money but to help provide a quick cheap housing solution for the millions of people who need it most There are about a billion people that don t have one of life s most basic human needs an