高中英语 语法专练 定语从句 牛津版必修1

用心 爱心 专心1 模块一模块一 语法专练 定语从句语法专练 定语从句 考点透视考点透视 分析近两年全国高考和各省市命题的英语科试卷的单项填空题 几乎每一套试题都 涉及到定语从句的内容 这充分说明了定语从句在整各中学英语语法中的位置和重要性 研读高考试题中定语从句的有关题目不难看出 定语从句主要的考点热点是 定语从句 中关系词的区别 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 介词 关系代词 引导的定语 从句 定语从句和同位语从句的区别 定语从句的分割现象等 下面归纳一下定语从句的几个要点 一 由who whom whose引导的定语从句 这类定语从句中who用作主语 whom用作宾语 whose用作定语 二 由which引导的定语从句 which在从句中作主语 或谓语动词或介词的宾语 如 This is the pen which you want 三 由that引导的定语从句 that在定语从句中可以指人或物 在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语 但不能放在介 词后面作介词宾语 四 由when where why引导的定语从句 先行词表示地点时 有时用where 有时用that引导定语从句 这时要根据从句的谓 语动词是及物的还是不及物的来判断 是及物的就用that which 否则用where 如 This is the room where he lived last year This is the house that which he visited last year 注意 在引导定语从句中 which与that的用法区别 1 在下列情况下 只能用that 不能用which 1 先行词是不定代词 all few little much something nothing anything等时 2 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时 3 先行词被all any every few little no some等修饰时 4 先行词被the only the very the same the last修饰时 5 先行词既有人又有物时 2 在下列情况下 只能用which而不用that 1 如果句中有两个定语从句 其中 个用了that 另一个最好用which 2 前面紧接着有介词 3 非限制性从句中不用that 五 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1 从意义上 同位语从句对名词或补充说明或进行解释 而定语从句进行修饰 限定 相当于一个形容词的作用 2 从结构上 同位语从句由连接代词 副词引导 最常用的连接词that一般不省略 用心 爱心 专心2 也不在从句中作成分 而定语从句由关系代词 副词引导 that在定语从句中作主语不能 省略 作宾语可省略 3 从涵义上 同位语从句与所说明 解释的句词无逻辑关系 而定语从句所修饰的句 词是该从句逻辑上的主 宾 表 定 状语等 如 1 The news that they had won the game arrived soon 他们在比赛中获胜了 这个消息很快传来了 同位语从句 the news和that they had won the game无逻辑关系 2 The news that you told me yesterday is true 昨天你告诉我的那个消息是真的 定语从句 the news在定语从句中相当于told的逻辑宾语 4 同位语从句说明 解释的句词有所限制 大多是一些表示抽象概念的名词 而 定语从句所修饰 限定的先行词无限制 既可指人 又可指物 题例精析题例精析 例 1 The farm we see today is no longer the one it was ten years ago A that thatB where that C where whereD which which 易错点悟 解答该题的关键是要注意判断表示地点的先行词在定语从句中用作宾语或 状语时 以及用作表语时关系词的选用 要点精析 分析句子结构可以知道 两空均为定语从句结构 表示地点的先行词 the farm 在第一空的定语从句中作谓语动词 see 的宾语 故第一空应为关系代词 that which 或省略 the farm 在第二空的定语从句中作表语 故只可以用 that 连 接 不可用 which 且不可省略 答案 A 例 2 I often think of the days I stayed with them has a great effect on my job A which thatB that which C when whoD when which 易错点悟 解答该题的关键是要准确判断表示时间的先行词在定语从句中所作的成分 以及非限制性定语从句中的关系词所指代的对象 要点精析 句中的 the days 为表示时间的先行词 在 I stayed with the experts 的定语从 句中用作时间状语 故第一空的关系词应选 when 或 in which 第二空关系词作主 语引导非限制性定语从句 代指的是前面整个句子的内容 故必须选用 which 连接 答案 D 用心 爱心 专心3 专项检测专项检测 1 Last month part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods from effects the people are still suffering A thatB whose C thoseD what 2 Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003 he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students Union A during which timeB for which time C during whose timeD by that time 3 I work in a business almost everyone is waiting for a great chance A howB which C whereD that 4 The English play my students acted at the New Year s party was a great success A for whichB at which C in whichD on which 5 New York I visited last year is a nice old city A that B which C when D in which 6 I can think of many cases students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn t write a good essay A why B which C as D where 7 George Orwell was Eric Arthur wrote many political novels and essays A the real name B what his real name C his real name D whose real name 8 is reported in the newspaper talks between the two countries are making A It B As C That D What 9 American women usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently A who B as C about which D with whom 10 Anyway that evening I ll tell you more about later I ended up staying at Rachel s place A when B where C what D which 11 The factory the students visited last week is the one I have worked for thee years A that which B when in which 用心 爱心 专心4 C where D which that 12 The most important thing we should pay attention to is the first thing I have said A which that B that which C which which D that that 13 The school my father teaches is a world famous one was set up 100 years ago A where which B which which C where D where that 14 This is Mr Smith I think has something interesting to tell you A who B whom C that D 15 is known to everybody the moon travels round the earth once every month A It B As C That D What 16 When was the house built It was built in 1949 the PRC was founded A which B that C what D when 17 He never reads anything is not worth reading A as B which C who D that 18 He has three brothers is a doctor A all of them B all of whom C none of whomD both of them 19 The young mother mw her baby fall to the ground brought her heart to her mouth A it B and that C and which D that 20 Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work A that B what C how D why 21 The place interested me most was the Gnat Wall A in which B which C where D what 22 The Oscar is one of the film prizes offend to any Chinese actor or actress so far A which are not B that have not been C that has not D that has not been 23 I d like a car front lights an big and tuned A which B that C whose D of which 24 You were very impolite to him for you should make an apology to him I think 用心 爱心 专心5 A this B which C what D that 25 The artist the judge gave a prize is the teacher I have been taught painting for two years A from whom by whom B to whom who C from whom who D to whom by whom 26 For weeks the street hasn t been cleaned by the cleaners makes it very dirty A who B which C that D this 27 Now teenagers like to go to the fast food restaurants eating doesn t take much time A which B who C what D where 28 In my old school album there are some pictures of some teachers can t be found in yours A which B who C those D they 29 Henry set up a club for football fans he invited all his friends A for whom B to whom C to which D from which 30 His parents wouldn t let him marry anyone family was poor A of whom B whom C of whose D whose 31 The weather turned out to be very good was more than we could expect A when B which C that D when 32 After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town he grew up as a child A which B where C that D when 33 Carol said the work would be done by October personally I doubt very much A it B that C when D which 34 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play of course made the others unhappy A who B which C this D what 35 I bought an ancient Chinese vase was very reasonable A which price B the price of which C its price D the price of whose 用心 爱心 专心6 36 has already been pointed out grammar is not a set of dead rules A As B It C That D Which 37 He lived in London for 3 months during time he learned some English A this B which C that D same 38 On the wall hung a picture colour is blue A whose B of which C which D its 39 Whenever I met him was fairly often I like his sweet and hopeful smile A what B that C which D when 40 He bought a book that could glee him much knowledge and could help him to kill the time A that B where C which D there 41 The boss department Ms King worked in ten years ago looked down upon women A in which B in that C whose D which 42 Luckily we d brought a mad map without we would have lost our way A it B that C this D which 43 He made another wonderful discovery of great importance to science A which I think is B which I think it is C which I think it D I think which is 44 This is the bag my mother bought yesterday A that B who C whom D this 45 I think you have got to the point change is needed or you would fail A when B that C where D which 46 October 1 1949 was the day the People s Republic of China was founded A which B when C where D in which 47 Is this the shop sells children s clothing A which B where C in which D what 48 Is this museum they visited last month A that B which 用心 爱心 专心7 C where D the one 49 I still remember the sitting room my mother and I used to sit in the evening A what B which C that D when 50 She was not the woman she was before A what B who C that D where 51 In one night the city was completely destroyed by a terrible earthquake about 240 000 people died A that B which C in which D the one 52 The old lady had been killed in the war was given help by the local government A all her children B all of her children C all of whose children D whose all children 53 The wrong you have done to him is terrible for you should make an apology to him I think A that B which C what D this 54 He worked seven days a week and six of until one o clock at night A that B which C the time D them 55 The girl bike you took just now at it A her very cross B her was very cross C whose to be very cross D whose is very cross 56 It is in Nantong you re going to pay a visit to this kind of radio is made 2007 南通四县市联考 A thatB where which C whereD the which 57 Women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those don t 2006 北京卷 A who B who C who who D 58 The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running meant spending tens of thousands of pounds 2006 江苏卷 A who B thatC as D which 59 I saw a woman running toward me in the dark Before I could recognize who she was she had run back in the direction she had come 2006 重庆卷 A of which B by which 用心 爱心 专心8 C in which D from which 60 In an hour we can travel to places would have taken our ancestors days to reach 2006 上海卷 A where B when C which D what 答案解析答案解析 1 B 本题题干中的 effects 和先行词 floods 之间有所属关系 所以要用 whose 这样 from whose effects 一起引导定语从句 本题答案是 B 2 A 通过分析属干可以知道 先行词表示的是一个时间段 且在从句中充当时间状语 根据这个意思 用 介词 关系代词 引导定语从句 c 项中的 whose 不能用来指 代时间 本题答案是 A 3 C 本题考查关系副词 where 在定语从句中的用法 现行词 a business 表示地点 公司 在定语从句中作状语 故选用 where 4 C 本题考查 介词 关系代词 的用法 关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时 从 句常常由 介词 关系代词 引出 介词的选择 取决于与现行词成从句之间的关系 在英语剧中扮演角色 应为 act in the English play 因此关系代词 which 前应用介 词 in 故本题选 C 5 B 本题考查非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句不能用 that 引导 关系词在定语 从句中作及物动词 visited 的宾语 故正确答案是 B 6 D 本题考查定语从句关系词的选择 本题先行词是 cases 意为 个案 从句中不 缺少主语和宾语 故应用 where 引导定语从句且在从句中作状语 正确答案是 D 7 D whose 引导定语从句时 只能用作定语 其他选项均不能构成定语从句 8 B 引导非限制性定语从句 而且可以放在句首 这时 as 用作从句中的主语 代替主 句的内容 如果把句中的逗号去掉 就可以选 A 项 9 D talk 的意思是 交谈 是不及物动词 后面带宾语就要带适当的介词 因为定语 从句的先行词是人 一个构成 talk with sb 结构 且把介词提前 10 D 通过分析可以知道 that evening 是定语从句的先行词 但是在句子中用作介词 about 的宾语 所以不能用 when 要用 which 引导定语从句 11 C 在第一个定语从句中 引导词作 visited 的宾语 应用关系代词作引导词或省略引 导词 在第二个定语从句中 I 是主语 worked 是不及物动词 不能带宾语 故引导 词作状语 选 where 12 D 当先行词被形容词的最高级 序数词或 the only the very 等修饰时 定语从句要 用 that 引导 而不能用 which 13 A 引导词在第一个定语从句中作状语 在第二个定语从句中作主语 又因 that 不能 引导非限制性定语从句 故选 A 14 A 去掉非限制性定语从句中的插入语 I think 后 可以看出引导词在从句中作主语 故选 who 用心 爱心 专心9 15 B as 可单独引导非限制性定语从句 指代整个主句的内容 其位置可在主句之前 也可在主句之后 16 D 先行词 1949 为表示时间的词 引导词代替先行词在从句中作状语 意为共和国 于 1949 年建立 故选 when 17 D 当先行词为 all everything nothing anything much little few 等不定代词时 定语从句常用 that 而不用 which 引导 18 C 两句中间为逗号且无连词 说明选项所在句子是个非限制性定语从句 可排除 A D 在 B C 中 根据主谓一致原则选 C 19 B 选项 B 使两句之间构成并列句 其中 that 为指示代词 指代前句内容 如将选项 所在句子看作非限制性定语从句 则无正确答案 20 A reason 作先行词时 如引导词在从句中作状语 用 why 引导定语从句 如引导词 在从句中作主语或宾语 用 that 或 which 引导定语从句 引导词在此题中作的是 explained 的宾语 故选 A 21 B 引导词在从句中作主语 注意 介词 关系代词 相当于 when 在从句中作状 语 what 不能引导定语从句 22 B 此题属于 one of 复数名词 定语从句 结构 在此结构中 如引导词作主语 one 前有 the only the very 等修饰时 定语从句中的谓语动词用单数 如没有 谓语 动词用复数 另外 so far 常和现在完成时连用 23 C whose 和 of which 都可作定语表示 谁的 但 whose 须放在无定冠词 the 的名词 前 of which 常放在有定冠词 the 的名词后 例如 China whose area the area of which is about 9 600 000 sq km lies in the east of Asia 中国位于亚洲的东部 它的面 积为九百六十万千方公里 24 B 此题属于 介词 关系代词 引导的定语从句 先行词指物时关系代词用 which 指人时用 whom 25 D 第一个定语从句相当于 the judge gave a prize to the artist 第二个定语从句相当于 I have been taught painting for two year by the teacher 26 B which 引导非限制性定语从句指代整个主句内容 即清洁工人好几周没打扫街道 一事 27 D 从句的主语和宾语分别是 eating much time 引导词 where 在从句中作状语表示 地点 28 A 由句意可知 定语从句的先行词是 some pictures 而不是 some teachers 29 C 定语从句相当于 he invited all his friends to the club 30 D 从句的主语 family 与先行词 anyone 有所属关系 因此选关系代词 whose 31 B 非限定性定语从句 关系代词 which 代替整个主句 32 B 先行词 the small town 是地点 且从句谓语 grow up 是长大成人的意思 不缺句子 成分 这里需要一个表地点的副词 when 33 D 此句是整个句子作先行词的非限定性定语从句 关系代词 which 代替整个主句 34 D 此句是整个句子作先行词的非限定性定语从句 of course 是插入语 关系代词 which 代替整个主句 35 B 在非限定性定语从句中 Chinese vase 与 the price 有所属关系 the price of which 用心 爱心 专心10 相当于 whose price 36 A 关系代词 as 有 正如 之意 37 D 先行词是 3 months this that same 均不能用于介词前提的定语从句 38 A 从句的主语 colour 与先行词 picture 有所属关系 所以选表示隶属关系的 whose 39 C 非限定性定语从句 先性词是 whenever I met him 我经常遇到他一事 关系代 词 which 代替整个主句 40 C 如果主句有两个定语从