高考英语熟词生义

第 1 页 共 8 页 高考英语熟词生义 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明 中的词汇表是命题人的主要依据 而这个词汇表只提供 了英语单词或短语的拼写形式 未有词性和词义 这就给命题人提供了广阔的活动空间 给他们减少 了很多限制 但却给考生增加了几倍的难度 因为英语中的一词多义多性现象是普遍存在的 例如 2001 年全国卷中第 26 题 We didn t plan our art exhibition like that but it very well A worked out B tried out C went on D carried on 正确答案为 A 此处 work out 的词义为 情况 发展 进行 其余干扰项的干扰作用都 很大 如果没有完全掌握 work out 的含义 根本无法选定这个选项 更何况 我们的课本根本未有把 work out 作 情况 进展 进行 解释过 单选题如此 阅读理解 完形填空等题中熟词生义现象更 是比比皆是 为了能使我们广大考生顺利通过考试 我们将根据 考试说明 的词汇表 按照字母顺 序举例解析我们常见常考的熟词生义 2009 年全国卷 I Encourage your children to try new things But try not to them too hard A draw B strike C rush D push 逼迫 敦促 本来 push 表示推的意思 2009 年全国卷 II If you leave the club you will not be back in A receivedB admitted 准许进入 准许加入俱乐部 组织等 接收入学 C turned D moved admit 本来表示承认 山东卷 2009 Do you have enough to all your daily expenses Oh yes enough and to spare 闲置的 不用的 闲钱 A cover 钱足够 之用 B spend C fill D offer 2009 湖北卷 Some parents are just too protective They want to their kids from every kind of danger real or imagined A spot B dismiss C shelter 保护 庇护 D distinguish shelter 本意 居所 住处 遮蔽物 庇护处 2008 年山东卷 The fact that she never apologized a lot about what kind of person she is A says 显示 表明 B talks C appears D declares 2008 湖北卷 Though having lived abroad for years many Chinese still the traditional customs A perform B possess C observe 遵守规则 法律等 D support 2009 年山东卷完型 41 I can still remember he was always wearing 流露 面带 a smile and willing to help A 1 absent adj 缺席的 He looked at me in all absent way adj 茫然的 恍惚的 2 abuse v 滥用 漫骂 She is quite a successful career woman but actually she s much abused at home v 虐待 3 ache v my mind s a complete blank n 记忆中的空白 遗忘 23 blue adj n 蓝色 His songs always make me feel blue adj 忧伤的 24 bare adj 裸露的 He likes to bare his heart soul with his close friends vt 向某人袒露心声 25 bear vt 忍受 容忍 He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars v 显示 带有 26 bound a 由 一定会 I don t like being desk bound all day adj 受 约束的 C 27 cause v 致使 We are struggling for revolutionary cause n 事业 28 celebrate vt 庆祝 He celebrated her for her courage vt 称颂 赞扬 29 climate n 气候 The cultural climate here is somehow a little upsetting n 风气 思潮 倾向 30 cloudy adj 阴的 多云的 Who did it still remains cloudy adj 不明朗的 不清晰的 31 coach n 教练 She coached me in English v 辅导 指导 第 3 页 共 8 页 32 count n v 计算 数 1 There are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers vt 包括 2 It is not how much you read but what you read that counts vt 有价值 重要 3 She was counted among the greatest dancers vt 以为 视为 33 couple n 一对 一双 一对夫妇或情侣 The dining car was coupled onto the last coach v 联合 连接 34 course n 课程 过程 The main course was a vegetable stew n 一道菜 35 cross v 跨越 横穿 n 十字 Don t be cross with him after all he meant to help adj 生气的 36 case n 情况 状况 There are three cases of fever in school n 病例 案例 37 casual adj 偶然的 随意的 He was employed as a casual laborer adj 临时的 38 cater v 为社交活动提供饮食 承办酒席 TV must cater for many different tastes v 满足需要 迎合 39 challenge v 挑战 I challenged him to a game of chess v 强烈建议某人干某事 40 chance n 机会 She chanced to be in when he called v 碰巧 41 charge v 索价 收费 指控 控告 Mother charged Alice to take good care of the baby v 赋予 责任或义务 42 clean adj 干净的 I clean forgot about it adv 彻底地 完全地 43 consume vt 消耗 消费 The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighborhood vt 烧毁 毁灭 D 44 damage v n 损坏 He claimed 7000 damages from the taxi company n 赔偿金 复 compensation 45 dawn n 拂晓 v 破晓 天亮 The truth began to dawn on him v 开始明白 46 desert n 沙漠 He deserted his wife and children and went abroad v 抛弃 离弃 47 develop v 发展 开发 研制 Did you have the films developed v 冲印 develop a disease a habit v 逐渐形成 Sure enough most of the plants developed the disease vt 患病 出现问题 48 difficult adj 困难的 adj 难以取悦的 不易满足的 He is a difficult man to contend with 他是一个难对付的人 49 dismiss v 解雇 开除 He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic v 拒绝考虑 某观点等 50 drive v 驾驶 Hunger drove her to steal V 迫使某人 做不好或不快的事 51 divorce v 与某人离婚 You can t divorce science from ethical questions v 使分离 使脱离 52 draw v 画 拖 拉 What moral are we to draw from the story v 获得 取得 推断出 第 4 页 共 8 页 E 53 engage vt 从事 A personal computer engages his interest now vt 吸引 54 excuse n 借口 v 原谅 He was excused from piano practice v 免除某人的职责 55 express v 表达 His express wish was that you should come here by air adj 明确的 Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai n 快车 56 encourage vt 鼓励 激励 Good health encourages clear thinking v 促进 助长 刺激 57 escape v 逃跑 逃脱 His name escapes me for the moment v 被忘掉 被忽视 58 explode v 爆炸爆裂 I m about to explode He broke my violin v 勃然大怒 大发雷霆 59 exploit v 开发 开采 剥削 You must exploit every opportunity to learn new things v 利用 F 60 fail v 失败 Our water supply failed v 不足 缺乏 He is failing in health His health is failing v 衰退 衰弱 He failed to lend her a hand v 未能 Words failed him vt 使失望 有负于 61 fill v 填满 His answer did not fill our need vt 满足 62 fine adj 美好的 很棒的 晴朗的 There s a fine distinction between the meanings of the two words adj 微妙的 The man will get a fine if he parks the car there n 罚款 63 fond adj 自由的 喜欢的 慈爱的 深情的 Fond parents will spoil their child adj 溺爱的 64 force vt 强迫 The policeman forced the knife from the criminal s hand vt 夺取 He forced a smile when he saw me vt force a smile 挤出笑容 65 foreign adj 外国的 外交的 The subject is foreign to me adj 不熟悉的 Telling lies is foreign to her nature adj 和 格格不人 66 form vt 形成 I cannot form an opinion about it vt 想出 67 freeze v 结冰 凝固 Freeze Or I ll shoot v 不许动 68 fly v 飞 飞翔 飞彤 n 苍蝇 The children flew to meet their mother v 疾驰 疾行 69 fresh adj 新鲜的 She is quite fresh to office work adj 无经验的 G 70 gain v 获得 赢得 Don t worry My watch gains We still have time v 钟表 快 The ear gained speed gradually vt 增加 速度 重量 第 5 页 共 8 页 71 ground n 地面 He has strong grounds for more money n 理由 Did the police have reasonable grounds to arrest him 同上 We oppose the bill on the grounds that it discriminates against women 72 glare v 怒目而视 The sun glared out of the blue sky v 发出刺眼的光 73 govern v 管理 控制 The law of supply and demand governs the prices of goods vt 影响 支配 74 Grow up 长大 成熟 A warm friendship grew up between the two men 逐渐发展 形成 H 75 hit vt 击中 打击 The film Hero by Zhang Yimou is quite a hit of this year n 成功 红极一时的人或事 76 hold vt 握住 抓住 抱住 His promise still holds vi 适用 有效 I 77 ill adj 生病的 It s no good speaking ill of others adj adv 坏的 地 78 industry n 工业 产业 His success was due to industry n 努力 勤勉 79 interest n 兴趣 Our family has an interest in the business n 利益 股份 80 invent v 发明 He invented an excuse for his being late v 捏造 虚构 81 invite v 邀请 Don t leave the window open it s inviting thieves to enter v 吸引 The dishes are really inviting adj 诱人的 82 inspire v 激励 鼓舞 His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother v 启发 J 83 jam n 果酱 He jammed four apples in his pocket vt 塞进 The accident jammed the main road for2 hours vt 堵塞 There are traffic jams every day on this road n 堵塞 84 jump v n 跳 Last week the price of goods jumped n v 大幅度上涨 85 just adv 正好 恰好 You are a just person adj 公正的 K 86 kid n 小孩 Take it easy I m just kidding v 开玩笑 欺骗 87 kill v 杀掉 害死 That guy hangs around all day long just killing time v 消磨 时间 L 88 late adj 迟到的 地 晚的 地 She missed her late husband very much adj 已故的 89 lecture v n 讲课 演讲 第 6 页 共 8 页 Do stop lecturing me V 训斥 教训 90 lift v 拾高 Can you give me a lift n 搭便车 His report gave us a lift n 鼓舞 91 lose V 失去 丢掉 Please hurry My watch loses 10 minutes vi 钟表 慢 与 gain 相对 92 lot n 量 批 It is difficult for us to find a parking lot outside some shopping centers n 作某种用途的场地 93 lay vt 放置 产卵 下蛋 The foundations of the house are being laid today v 铺 铺设 94 last adj 最后的 He is the last man I want to see adj 最不可能的 M 95 marry v 结婚 与某人结婚 This poem marries theme and style well V 使紧密结合 使混为一体 96 mean v 意思是 意味着 It s mean of you to eat up all the apples adj 自私的 卑鄙的 吝啬的 97 mend v 修理 修补 The patient is still mending slowly after the operation v 痊愈 改善 98 message n 信息 口信 I d like to see a film with a message n 教益 寓意 99 might modal v 或许 I use all my might to open the door n 力量 权威 100 multiply 乘 v 乘以 繁殖 We can multiply our chances of success v 成倍增加 迅速增加 N 101 note n 笔记 Learn the notes by heart n 台词 I noted that her hands were dirty v 注意 特别指出 提及 O 102 open v 开 adj 开着 打开的 They left the matter open adj 问题 议事等 未解决的 103 operate Vi 机器运转工作 做手术 The medicine operated quickly vi 起作用 P 105 part n 部分 零件 角色 In order to raise money he had to part with some of his most treasured possessions v 分手 放弃 卖掉 106 position n 位置 职位 What s your position on the problem n 立场 观点 107 promise v n 许诺 The dark clouds promise rain v 有 的希望 使 有可能 He is the most promising actor I have ever seen 108 pronounce v 发音 The judge pronounced against her appeal v 宣称 宣布 判决 109 put up 建设 张贴 Could you put me up for the night 留某人住宿 第 7 页 共 8 页 110 pick up 拾起 捡起 偶然发现 弄到手 听到 得到 情报 知识 康复 增加 速度 Trains picked up the timber workers working in the forest farm every day 用车接某人 The situation however is picking up gradually after a patch of bad time vi 改善 好转 111 possess 拥有 A violent anger possessed him vt 感情 情绪等 支配 控制 R 112 rate n 比率 速度 These potatoes rate among the best v 对 作出评价 被认为 被评价为 113 read v 阅读 I didn t read mother s thoughts at that time v 理解 领会 114 reflect v 映出 反射 表现 I need time to reflect on your offer v 沉思 思考 on upon 115 round prep adv 环绕 围着 adj 圆形的 We are losing the game in the last round due t0 our complacency n 回合 局 轮 116 recover v 恢复健康 痊愈 He almost fell but succeeded in recovering himself v 恢复 重新控制 117 refresh vt 使恢复精力 Her words refreshed my memory rt 提醒 提示 使想起 重新斟满 刷新 118 relate v 与一有关 相关 I related my adventure to my family v 讲述 119 remote adj 偏远的 偏僻的 He is a remote relative of mine adj 关系较远的 远亲的 120 repair 熟义 v n 修理 How can I repair the damage I have caused v 补救 弥补 121 respect vt n 尊敬 敬意 He has no respect for the feelings of others 五重视 尊重 维护 122 review vt 复习 She reviewed what had happened vt 回顾 S 123 safe adj 安全的 He is a safe man You can count on him adj 谨慎的 不冒险的 124 say vt 说 Say that war breaks out what will you do vt 假定 显示 表明 125 see vt 看到 This century has seen two world wars vt 有 的经验 经历 体验 126 shoulder n 肩膀 Young people should learn to shoulder the duty blame v 承担 127 sound n 声音 It is important to have a sound body adj 健全的 My wife is a sound sleeper adj 酣睡的 Your idea is very sound adj 中肯的 合理的 We have come back safe and sound adj 安全的 128 spare adj 多余的 备用的 空余的 v 吝惜 拨出 抽出 He spared the thief v 饶恕 放过 129 spring n 春天 泉水 Fast food restaurants are springing up all over the city v 猛然跳起 涌出 130 steal v 偷 第 8 页 共 8 页 He stole a glance of her in the mirror v 快速或偷偷地取得 131 strength n 力气 Maths is not my strength n 强项 优点 优势 132 succeed v 成功 v 继承 v 继任 134 surprise V t 使惊讶 惊奇 Our troops surprised the enemy in the midnight v 出奇不意地袭击或发现 135 sympathy n 同情 Annie s sympathies lie firmly with the worker