新英语视听说教程Unit+1原文及答案

Unit 1 Differences Between Cultures Thinking Ahead Students are asked to discuss the following questions in groups The reference answers for the questions are offered below 1 How do you think about the word culture Culture is a word for people s way of life meaning the way they do things A group of people has a separate culture when that group sets itself apart from others through its actions Cultures are what make countries unique Each country has different cultural activities and cultural rituals Culture is more than just material goods that is things the culture uses and produces Culture is also the beliefs and values of the people in that culture Culture also includes the way people think about and understand the world and their own lives 2 Why should we study cross cultural communication Cross cultural communication refers to the study of successful communications across different cultures It concerns the understanding of tradition and modernization consistency and change As we understand some of the ongoing national characteristics of a people we can examine how this culture is seen from the outside how it interacts with other cultures and how it is changing The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross cultural communication The challenge is that even with all the good will in the world miscommunication is likely to happen especially when there are significant cultural differences between communicators Miscommunication may lead to conflict or aggravate conflict that already exists So it is very important that we should study cross cultural communication From Part I Video Time In this part students will have 2 tasks to accomplish Task 1 In task 1 students will watch a video clip from Gua Sha and then do the exercises as required Before watching students are supposed to read the words expressions and cultural notes related to the video Transcript Mrs Xu How come it doesn t look like the courtroom on TV Judge Because it isn t a courtroom Mrs Xu Does either of the counselor have problem with my holding hearings in chambers To tell you the truth because I can t stand that awful echo in the courtroom you know winds in the gallery People were chuckling Lawyer Quinlin No problem your honor John Quinlin attorney for the defense Judge Horowizs Why that I ve never seen you around before Mr Quinlin Lawyer Quinlin I ve never had the honor your honor Er I deal mostly with the intellectual property rights cases Judge Apples and oranges 风马牛不相及 Mr Quinlin The two areas of law have virtually nothing to do with each other Lawyer Quinlin Well yes of course So I told my client But he insisted on my representing him Also I d like to have the record show that my client only had two days notice of this hearing also for me only 24 hours preparation time Judge I think we are putting the cart before the horse 本末倒置 your counselor This hearing is for the purpose of determining whether there is sufficient evidence to advance court proceedings so take off your lawyer caps And before we get caught to these formalities let s just talk about the matter Will the Child Welfare Agency care to start Lawyer Davis Yes your honor We are prepared to proceed in any way you save it Three days ago we received a telephone call from the social worker on duty at St Matthew hospital informing us of a possible case of child abuse discovered as a result of medical examination by Doctor Michael Longman Upon administrating treatment in the ER to Denis Xu Doctor Longman had reason to suspect that Denis had been the subject of physical abuse Judge I ve read the report Ms Avery Very thorough as usual Lawyer Davis As you can see the medical report indisputably proves that Denis Xu has been a subject of deliberate long term neglect and abuse Lawyer Quinlin Objection No foundation just conjecture and speculation Judge This is a hearing not a trial Mr Quinlin but you make a fine point Lawyer Davis In order to supplement the medical report you will know that we provided additional evidence Lawyer Davis opened a suitcase Lawyer Quinlin Your honor we haven t received any copies of evidence or report related to this case Margaret Avery murmuring I thought you provided them with copies Lawyer Davis En Sorry your honor no recite Margaret Avery I don t know how this could have happened Lawyer Davis Your honor the CWA was currently carrying a full investigation of this case and has located a considerable number of witnesses all of whom are prepared to testify regarding Mr Datong Xu s violent nature and the neglect and abuse he has inflicted on his young son Denis Lawyer Quinlin And I can produce a hundred witnesses to testify that he is a good husband and father who rather die than see his family harmed I count myself chief among those witnesses Margaret Avery As my colleague has just stated we are in the midst of a full investigation but we will not be calling any witnesses we feel there is no need Datong Xu She really doesn t have any witnesses Lawyer Quinlin Or she thinks she doesn t need any Margaret Avery Your honor I have incontrovertible evidence that I feel we will quickly settle this matter in the court s mind Margaret Avery and Lawyer Quinlin both walked to the judge Lawyer Quinlin Your honor perhaps I don t understand family law but I do understand Datong Xu These accusations are ludicrous laughable Margaret Avery Perhaps you don t understand your friend as well as you think you do Margaret Avery presented pictures to the judge Margaret Avery According to the doctor s report the condition and coloration of the bruise were inflicted two days prior to Denis head injury We believe these photographs are sufficient evidence to demonstrate that Denis Xu lives in a dangerous home environment and should remain under the protection of the state Judge sternly Please return to your seat Lawyer Quinlin to Datong Xu How could you do this to your son Is this something you forgot to fill me in on Did you think they will never notice your son s back like a piece of roast beef Datong Xu That is Gua Sha a traditional Chinese medical treatment Denis had stomach ache that day and Gua Sha is simply a cure a a home remedy you call it I had this done on me in this time when I was a kid Lawyer Quinlin If this is what you call some kind of treatment that he does see what you considered as child abuse Judge If you two want to chit chat we can all go home Does the defense have something more to add Lawyer Quinlin No Datong Xu Yes I do I think you don t understand You know Gua Sha is a traditional Chinese medical treatment used for nearly all kinds of illnesses For thousands of years Chinese medicine had recognized that there are seven Jing and eight Mai 七经八脉 Er for example it is like small streams that run in to rivers and in turns fall into a sea A person s body has an invisible but very complex system of vessel network just like the computer network And also the human Qi from Dantian finally goes to Dantian It is the same principle Judge Your kind what is he saying Datong Xu It s the kind of interrupted by the judge Judge We don t understand what you say Perhaps I should put it in another way What does it say on every Missouri license plate Datong Xu Show me state 用证据说话 Judge Precisely Can you get an authoritative medical expert to back your testimony in plain English that an old country judge can understand Datong Xu Yes I can try Judge Did you do this Gua Sha to your son yourself A pause Judge Mr Xu Datong Xu Yes I did it myself Mrs Xu No It wasn t him Datong Xu started to speak Chinese Judge I warn you this hearing must be conducted in a language we all can understand Did you have something to add at this discussion Mrs Xu No your honor Judge Let me ask you one more time for the sake of clarity Did you do this Gua Sha to your son Datong Xu Yes I did Judge Then until I was shown otherwise I have no choice but to conclude that Denis Xu lives in an unsafe home environment and should be kept under the supervision of the Child Welfare Agency tending a full trial on the charges Key to Exercises Exercise 1 Watching for Details Students are asked to watch the video clip and choose the best answers to the questions 1 D 2 C 3 B Exercise 2 Watching for Specific Information Students are asked to watch the video clip again and fill in the blanks with the missing information Lawyer Davis Yes your honor We are prepared to 1 proceed in any way you save it Three days ago we received a telephone call from the social worker on duty at St Matthew hospital 2 informing us of a possible case of child abuse discovered 3 as a result of medical examination by Doctor Michael Longman Upon 4 administrating treatment in the ER to Denis Xu Doctor Longman had reason to suspect that Denis had been the subject of physical 5 abuse Datong Xu Yes I do I think you don t understand You know Gua Sha is a 6 traditional Chinese medical treatment used for nearly all kinds of 7 illnesses For thousands of years Chinese medicine had recognized that there are seven Jing and eight Mai Er for example it is like small 8 streams that run into rivers and in turns fall into a sea A person s body has an 9 invisible but very complex system of 10 vessel network just like the computer network And also the human Qi 气 from Dantian 丹田 finally goes to Dantian The same principle Task 2 In task 2 students will watch a video clip about the art of paper cutting and then do the exercises as required Before watching students are supposed to read the words expressions and cultural note related to the video Transcript The Art of Paper cutting What I have done is only a rough idea of what I m going to cut out Then I m going to cut it out with my scissors Folk paper cutting is a Chinese art form It s just like traditional Chinese painting oil painting or calligraphy What s wonderful about paper cutting is that it isn t just limited to people in the countryside everyone from all different communities do it too Just like she mentioned Liu Ren tries her best to promote the art in China and also the world I like doing freehand paper cutting Ideally you shouldn t draw a design on the paper and then cut it out The best part about paper cutting is you the paper and scissors working together In 1993 I was invited to exhibit Chinese paper cutting to other countries I hope to build more recognition for Chinese folk paper cutting In order to pass on this art form I teach people who really love the art of Chinese paper cutting and I don t charge them any tuition Last year I had an American student who was studying Chinese culture at a UK university He came to China to write his thesis I gave him some lessons on Chinese paper cutting After he went back to continue his studies he entered a logo design competition in his university He created a logo by doing a paper cutting and he won the top prize The young student was so excited and he told me that his college friends all wanted to learn more about Chinese paper cutting and even about me The art form is warmly welcomed in the UK My dream is to set up one or two paper cutting museums in other countries When I was young I made butterflies in different art forms I think everyone is born with artistic talent Key to Exercises Exercise 1 Watching for Details Students are asked to watch the video clip and answer the following questions 1 What s wonderful about paper cutting Paper cutting isn t just limited to people in the countryside and everyone from all different communities does it too 2 What does Liu Ren try her best to do She tries hard to promote the paper cutting art in China and also the world 3 What does Liu Ren do to pass on the art of paper cutting In order to pass on this art form she teaches people who really love the art of Chinese paper cutting and she doesn t charge them any tuition 4 Where does Liu Ren s student come from America 5 What is Liu Ren s dream Her dream is to set up one or two paper cutting museums in other countries Exercise 2 Watching for Specific Information Students are asked to watch the video clip again and fill in the blanks with the missing information I like doing 1 freehand paper cutting Ideally you shouldn t draw a design on the paper and then cut it out The best part about paper cutting is you the paper and 2 scissors working together In 1993 I was invited to 3 exhibit Chinese paper cutting to other countries I hope to build more 4 recognition for Chinese folk paper cutting In order to pass on this art form I teach people who really love the art of Chinese paper cutting and I don t 5 charge them any tuition Last year I had an American student who was studying Chinese 6 culture at a UK university He came to China to write his 7 thesis I gave him some lessons on Chinese paper cutting After he went back to continue his studies he entered a logo design 8 competition in his university He created a logo by doing a paper cutting and he won the top prize The young student was so excited and he told me that his college friends all wanted to learn more about Chinese paper cutting and even about me The art form is warmly welcomed in the UK My dream is to set up one or two paper cutting museums in other countries When I was young I made 9 butterflies in different art forms I think everyone is born with 10 artistic talent Part II Listening Activities In this part you will have 3 listening tasks to accomplish Task 1 In task 1 students will listen to a passage about national symbols and then do the exercises as required Before listening they are supposed to read the words expressions and cultural notes related to the passage Transcript National Symbols When many people in the west think of China the animal that they think of is the dragon For them the dragon is an aggressive monster that breathes fire Many popular legends tell of how dragons killed brave knights and ate beautiful maidens For Chinese people however the dragon is not an evil monster It s a cultural and spiritual symbol for prosperity and good luck The dragon s main task is to create harmony and bring rain Dragons are celebrated in art and architecture and of course the dragon dance is a very popular ritual Millions of Chinese have the word long meaning dragon as part of their names China isn t the only country to have the dragon as its symbol Wales one of the four countries in the UK has a red dragon proudly displayed on its flag The only other country in the world with a dragon on its flag is Bhutan the tiny country between China and India Almost all countries in the world have an animal symbol to represent their country and it is particularly obvious during sports The English see lions as brave proud animals and the England football team have three lions on the front of their football shirts Australia is famous for kangaroos of course The national rugby team is more commonly known as the Wallabies a kind of small kangaroo Similarly the South African team are known as the Springboks a type of African antelope and the New Zealanders whether playing sports or not are commonly known as Kiwis A kiwi is a native New Zealand bird that can t fly All countries are proud of their symbols which they feel reflect national characteristics or the beauty and variety of their natural environments Recently a Shanghai professor claimed that using the dragon as a national symbol could make western countries have a negative view of China But in an internet survey 90 of Chinese people wanted to keep the dragon and as we are all familiar with that Chinese symbol people in the west would no doubt want China to keep the dragon too Key to Exercises Exercise 1 Making a Sound Judgment Students are asked to listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true T or false F F 1 People in the west have the same ideas about dragons as people in China F 2 In China dragons bring bad luck T 3 Only two countries in the world have a dragon on their flag T 4 The England football team have three lions on the front of their football shirts T 5 Many Chinese people want to keep the dragon as a symbol of China Exercise 2 Listening for Specific Information Students are asked to listen to the passage again and fill in the blanks with the missing information When many people in the west 1 think of China the animal that they think of is the 2 dragon For them the dragon is an 3 aggressive monster that 4 breathes fire Many popular 5 legends tell of how dragons killed brave knights and ate beautiful maidens For Chinese people however the dragon is not an evil monster It s a cultural and 6 spiritual symbol for 7 prosperity and good luck The dragon s main task is to create 8 harmony and bring rain Dragons are celebrated in art and 9 architecture and of course the dragon dance is a very popular 10 ritual Millions of Chinese have the word long meaning dragon as part of their name Exercise 3 Essay Writing China as one of the oldest countries in the world does not only have the dragon as her symbol but also a lot of others which keep distinctive ancient Chinese features Now students are asked to write an essay entitled Chinese Symbols with no less than 160 words to introduce other distinctive symbols of China Sample Chinese Symbols It is known to all that national symbols are heavily culture oriented With the world s longest continuous civilization for more than 40 centuries its people created a culture with strong philosophies traditions and values Thus the national symbols for china are numerous and distinctive The first to mention is the Great Wall which is one of the symbols of China and one of the seven wonders in the world In the imperial periods this magnificent construction was used in the defense of enemies Sublime as it is the Great wall is the only construction on earth that can be seen from the outer space When many people in the west think of China the animal that they may think of