【精品】高一英语上册 nit2 English around the world(备课资料)教案 大纲人教版第一册

用心 爱心 专心 ReferenceReference forfor TeachingTeaching I I 异域风情 异域风情 1 Noah Webster and the first American dictionary Noah Webster was born On October 16 1758 in the West Division of Hartford His father farmed and worked as a weaver His mother worked at home Noah and his two brothers Charles and Abraham helped father with the farm work Noah s sister Mercy and Jerusha worked with their mother to keep house and make food and clothing for the family Few people went to college but Noah loved to learn so his parents let him go to Yale Connecticut s only college Noah graduated in l778 He wanted to study law but his parents could not afford to give him more money for school So in order to make a living Noah taught in Glastonbury Hartford and West Hartford Later he studied law Noah did not like American schools Sometimes 70 children of all age were crammed into one room schoolhouses with no desks poor books and untrained teachers Their books came from England Noah thought that Americans should learn from American books so in 1783 Noah wrote his own textbook A Grammatical Institute of the English Language Most people called it the Blue backed Speller because of its blue cover For 100 years Noah s book taught children how to read spell and pronounce words It was the most popular book of its time Ben Franklin used book to teach his granddaughter to read When Noah was 43 he started the first American dictionary He did this because Americans in different parts of the country spelled pronounced and used words differently He thought that all should speak the same way He also that Americans should not speak and spell just like the English Noah used American spellings like color instead 0f the English colour and music instead of musick He also added American words that weren t in English dictionaries like skunk 臭鼬 and squash 瓜菜 It took him over 27 years to write his book When finished in 1828 at the age of 70 Noah s dictionary had 70 000 words in it Noah did many things in his life He worked for copyright 版权 laws wrote textbooks Americanized the English language and edited magazines When Noah Webster died in 1843 he was considered an American hero 2 The Origin of Words About three hundred words in the English language come from the names of people Many of these words are technical words When there is a new invention or discovery A new word may be coined 杜撰 after the inventor or scientist It is interesting to observe how many words have found their way into the from the names of people Lord Sandwich who lived from 1718 to 1792 used at the gambling table eating bread with meat in between As the Lord was the only one 用心 爱心 专心 among his friends who ate bread in that bread sandwich for fun Later on the word became part language The word boycott means to refuse to have anything to do with somebody or something It comes from a man called Captain Is a land agent in 1880 and he and taxes for an English landowner in Ireland But the Captain was a very harsh 苛刻的 man He treated his poor tenants very badly His tenants decided not to speak to him at all Eventually word got back to the landowner and the Captain was removed The word boycott became popular everyone to mean the kind of treatment that was received by Captain Boycott IIII 知识归纳 知识归纳 一 英语中表示 请求 requests 情况归纳 1 提出请求表达 The radio is too loud Can you turn it down a little 收音机的声音太大了 你能将它的音量调小一点吗 Excuse me could you tell me when the next train leaves for Beijing 请问下一班列车何时去北京 Excuse me would you mind stopping talking 对不起 请不要讲话好吗 Shut the door will you 请把门关上 好吗 May I use your English Chinese dictionary 我可以用你的英汉词典吗 Would you like to go out for a walk now 现在你愿意出去走一走吗 Don t rush hurry crowd 不要匆忙 挤 No smoking please 请勿吸烟 2 愉快接受请求表达 Certainly Of course Sure 当然可以 With pleasure 十分愿意 I ll be glad pleased to 我很乐意 Yes all right 好的 No problem 没问题 Certainly just help yourself 当然 请自便 I will if I can 如果我能 我会的 Not at all Of course not 根本不 当然不 用心 爱心 专心 3 客气地拒绝请求表达 I d like love to but I have no time 我很愿意 但我没时间 I m sorry I can t 对不起 我不能 No I m afraid not I can t 不 恐怕我不能 I d like to say yes but that s impossible 我倒是想答应的 但那是不可能的 I m sorry but I m using it now 对不起 不过我现在正好用它 2 表示 许多 的词语归纳 1 只能修饰可数名词的有 many a good great many a large great number of many a n e g A good many animals sleep under the snow 很多动物都在雪底下冬眠 To build this house a great number of bricks are needed 盖这所房子需要大量砖头 Many a student has visited the exhibition 许多学生参观了这次展览 2 只能修饰不可数名词的有 much a great good deal of a great amount of e g It cost me a great deal of money 它花了我很多钱 Is there much ink in the bottle 瓶子里有很多墨水吗 He gave his wife a great amount of money 他给了他妻子一大笔钱 3 可数和不可数名词均可修饰的有 a lot of lots of plenty of a large great quantity of quantities of e g Every day people throw away lots of rubbish 人们每天都倒掉很多垃圾 We have plenty of rain in the south in spring 春天南方雨水很多 A great quantity of flowers was placed on the dead boy s body 孩子的尸体上盖满了鲜花 There are large quantities of food in the cupboard 食橱里有许多食物 III 词语辨析 1 What about Would you like Would you please 1 What about 在口语中 通常用来征求对方的意见或提出建议 后面一般接名词 代词 动名词 副词或状语从句 它可用 how about 替换 e g What about going to London this summer 今年夏天去伦敦怎么样 用心 爱心 专心 Good idea 好主意 2 Would you like 在口语中 通常用来征求对方看法 想法或提出请求 邀请 其后通常接名词 代词 不定式或带不定式的复合宾语 e g Would you like to come to supper this evening 今晚来吃饭好吗 Oh thank you I d love to 好 谢谢 我很乐意 Would you like a cup of coffee 你想来杯咖啡吗 3 Would you please 在口语中 通常用来表示委婉客气的请求 后接动词原形 e g I can hardly hear the radio would you please turn it up 我几乎听不见收音机的声音 请开的大声点好吗 2 know know of know about 1 know 用作动词 意思是 直接地 获知 懂得 认识 熟悉 e g She knows a lot of English 她懂得很多英语 I don t know whether he is here or not 我不知道他是否在这儿 I know him to be honest 我知道他很诚实 I know Mr White by sight but have never spoken to him 我常见到怀特先生 但从未同他讲话 I know the place very well 我对那地方很熟悉 know 之后不能直接跟不定式 要说 know how to do e g I don t know how to do the work 我不知道怎样做那件事 2 know of 和 know about 的意思都是 间接地 获知 指听别人说到或从书报上看 到 二者没有什么区别 e g I know of about him but I don t know him 我听说过他 但不认识他 I know about of that last week 我上星期听说过那件事 3 for example such as 1 for example 例如 用来举例说明某一论点或情况 一般只举同类人或物中的 一个 为例 作插入语 可位于句首 句中或句末 可用 for instance 替换 e g For example air is invisible 例如 空气是看不见的 Ball games for example have spread around the world 例如 球类运动已经在世界各地传播开了 His spelling is terrible Look at the word for example 他的拼写太糟糕了 比如就看这个词吧 2 such as 例如 用来列举事物 一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子 插在被列 举的事物与前面的名词之间 as 后面不可有逗号 用心 爱心 专心 e g Some of the European Languages come from Latin such as French Italian and Spanish 有些欧洲语言来源于拉丁语 例如法语 意大利语和西班牙语 Some of the rubbish such as food paper and iron rots away over a long period of time 有些废物 如剩饭 废纸和铁 时间一长就烂掉了 注 如把前面所述情况全部举出 用 that is 或 namely e g He knows four languages that is namely Chinese French English and Japanese 他懂四种语言 即汉语 法语 英语和日语 4 change into change for change with 1 change into 变成为 change into 把 变成 e g Ice changes into water rapidly on a hot day 热天冰很快化成水 The fairy changed the cat into a swan 仙女把猫变成了一只天鹅 2 change for 向 方向转化 change A for B 用 A 换取 B e g The weather has changed for the better 天气转好了 He has changed his old bicycle for a new one 他已把旧自行车换成新的了 3 change with 随同 而变 change with sb 和某人交换 e g Times changed and we should change with them 时代在变 我们也应跟着变 Will you change seats with me 你愿意和我换座位吗 IV 能力训练 1 单句改错 1 Do sit down by the fire and make yourself at your home 简析 把 your 去掉 make oneself at home 是固定词组 不加 your the 等词 2 There are more than 42 countries where the majority of people speak English 简析 把 speaks 改为 speak the majority of 作主语 谓语常用复数 3 I like same music as you 简析 same 前加 the 因 the same as 意为 与 同样的 same 前的 the 不可省 略 4 He communicated the whole story with me 简析 把 with 改为 to communicate 作 和 交