知识经济english.docx

首先, 物质资源作用的弱化在一定程度上克服了收益递减规律的负面影响, 使知识收益递增规律发挥作用。First of all, weakening the role of material resources to a certain extent, overcome the negative impact of the law of diminishing returns, making the knowledge returns increasing.在工业经济中, 经济发展主要取决于物质资源的投入, 投资者为了追求利润, 总是想方设法加大投资, 结果使资本和劳动的比例失调, 导致收益递减。In industrial economy, economic development depends mainly on material resources investment. Investors in pursuit of profits, always look for ways to increase investment, as a result, the ratio of capital and labor is unbalanced, leading to diminishing returns.随着知识经济的发展, 劳动和资本的作用弱化, 知识的作用日益强化。知识是唯一不遵循收益递减规律的生产工具。 With the development of knowledge economy, the role of labor and capital have been weaken, however, the role of knowledge increasingly strengthening. Knowledge is the only production tools do not follow the law of diminishing returns.与传统工业经济相反, 知识产业发挥作用的规律是收益递增规律,它表现为投资者一旦拥有某种知识, 就会不断拥有。在第一次经济危机中，知识经济减轻了经济波动的幅度, 实现经济整体的持续发展。In contrast to the traditional industrial economy, knowledge industry play a role of law is the law of increasing returns, it is shown as investors once you have some knowledge, will have constantly. In the economic crisis for the first time, the knowledge economy to reduce the range of economic fluctuation, realize the sustainable development of economy as a whole.其次, 创新意识的强化和创新方式的质变抹平了经济危机的周期。Second, the strengthening of the innovative consciousness and innovative ways of qualitative change the cycle of economic crisis知识经济的一个显著特点就是创新。 没有创新就无所谓知识经济。A striking feature of knowledge economy is innovation. You cant have no innovation of knowledge economy.在市场经济下, 企业为了生存和发展, 必须不断地进行新技术和新产品的开发, 不断创新。Under the market economy, enterprises in order to survive and develop, must constantly for the development of new technology and new products, constant innovation.前一个产品尚处于成熟期时, 就向市场投入新产品, 确保新产品源源不断推向市场, 企业长盛不衰。When a product is at the stage of maturity, a new products is pushed into market, to ensure that new products continuously to the market, which surest enterprises thrive. 以此类推, 一条条产品生命周期曲线相交, 将大大减轻经济增长走向低谷的趋势,从而抹平了危机的周期, 经济增长的趋势呈现出一条不断上升的波动曲线。这种创新加快产品更新的速度, 从而减缓经济波动的幅度。 创新抹平了经济危机的周期, 把经济危机的周期变成了经济增长速度的波动,变成经济发展的节奏。And so on, the whole product life cycle curve intersection, will greatly reduce to low economic growth trend, thus smoothing the crisis period, the trend of economic growth presents a rising wave curve. The innovation speeds up the product updating, and slow the amplitude of economic fluctuation. Innovation extinct the cycle of economic crisis, the period of the economic crisis into economic growth rate of fluctuations, into the rhythm of the economic development.第三, 产品轻型化和生产规模的小型化提高了企业的适应能力, 减轻了危机的危害程度。Third, the miniaturization of light-duty products and production scale of improved the adaptability of the enterprise, reducing the harm of the crisis.传统工业产品如汽车、钢铁、建材等等的特点是大、苯、重。为了节约成本, 投资者往往通过扩大生产规模, 实行大批量生产, 取得规模效益。Traditional industrial products such as cars, steel, building materials and so on the characteristics of is big, benzene, heavy. In order to save costs, investors tend to by expanding the scale of production, implement the mass production, achieve economies of scale.但是,当市场变化时, 企业难以适应, 灵活性差。而知识产品的特征是轻、巧、小。However, when the market changes, the enterprise is difficult to adapt to, flexibility is poor. Product knowledge is characterized by light, smart, small.企业能根据市场变化, 迅速调整生产方向, 减少市场不景气带来的影响。因此，当危机来临时, 知识经济有利于减轻经济危机的负面影响, 缩短危机时间, 促进经济的迅速恢复。Enterprise can according to the market changes, quickly adjust production direction, to reduce the impact of the market downturn. Therefore, when the crisis comes, knowledge economy is beneficial to reduce the negative impact of economic crisis, shortening the time of crisis, to promote rapid economic recovery.总之, 知识经济将使经济发展的周期性明显缓和, 危机的危害越来越少, 古典波动周期趋于消失, 经济危机之周期日益变为经济增长中的上下波动, 而且波动的幅度越来越少, 可持续发展成为可能。但是, 我们也应看到, 由于导致经济周期波动的主观和客观因素并未随着知识经济的到来而消失, 经济周期现象还不可能从根本上根除。In short, the economic development of knowledge economy will make periodic significantly ease, crisis of the dangers of less and less, classical wave cycle tends to disappear, economic crisis cycle fluctuate in an increasingly into economic growth, and the width of fluctuation in less and less, the sustainable development become possible. But we also should see, because the result in the economic cycle fluctuation of the subjective and objective factors did not disappear with the arrival of knowledge economy, the economic cycle phenomenon also impossible fundamentally eradicate.definition of KBEsA commonly used definition of KBEs is that provided by the OECD in the mid-1990s, i.e. KBEs are economies which are directly based on the produc