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SETTING Outline DefinitionFunctionsofSettingTypesofSettingReadingforSetting Definition Thehistoricalmomentintimeandgeographiclocationinastory Thebackgroundagainstwhichtheactionofstoryoccurs TheElementsofSetting Specifictimeperiod staticordynamic Geographiclocation realisticorcreated Generalenvironmentofthecharacters FunctionsofSetting createacertainatmosphererevealtheinnerthoughtofthecharacterhelpportraythecharactersanddevelopthethemeeitherthroughsymbolicsuggestionormoredirectimagery createacertainatmosphere E g forahorrorfilmareusuallyisolated abandonedorlocationswithahiddenpast thiscancreateasenseofuncertainandfear revealtheinnerthoughtofthecharacter E g MidnightinParis helpportraythecharactersanddevelopthethemeeitherthroughsymbolicsuggestionormoredirecti E g SlumdogMillionaire TypesofSetting PhysicalSettingTemporalSettingCulturalSettingHistoricalSetting PhysicalSetting Physicalsettingisanaspectofsettingthatpertainstowhereeventsoccurandwherecharactersliveandinteract GeographyClimate weather temperature Thephysicalobjects Geography Location includingcountryregionstateorcityneighborhoodstreetflooroflevel basement atticetc urbanorruralorsuburbanTheenvironmentinwhichthecharacterlivesmayhelpthereadertounderstandthecharacter smotivesandbehavior Climate Ithelpstosetthemoodandthescene Theweathercanreflectthemoodsofthecharacters Whenpeoplearejoyfulitssunny flowersareblooming andthebirdsarealwayschirping Whenthecharactersareangryorthere sakillerinthestory it salwaysdarkandrainingwiththunderandlightning TemporalSetting Weneedtoconsiderfourkindsoftimethatmaycarryparticularassociationswiththem Clocktime thiscanbeusedtoprovidesuspenseorcreatecertainmoodsorfeelings Calendartime theday month year ormoregenerallyadayoftheweekortimeofthemonthmayprovideanunderstandingofwhattakesplaceinapieceofliterature Seasonaltime theseasonsoraspanoftimeassociatedwithaparticularactivitymaybeimportant Historicaltime aperiodoftimethatisreadilyidentifiablebyparticulareventsandorpersonsthathappenedorexistedduringthattime CulturalSetting thevalues ideals andattitudesofaplaceItisanaspectofsettingthatpertainstothehumanenvironmentamongwhicheventsoccurandamongwhichcharactersliveorinteract Culturalsettingsmightbedescribedas 1 sustainedconditions 2 collectiveexpectations 3 prevailingnormsamongagroupofpeopleorasocialnetworkasclassifiedbyvariousdistinctionssuchaseducation socialstanding economicclass religiousbeliefE g TheBibleissetinancientNear EasterncultureandclassicalGreco Romanculture Thesemayberevealedbyphysicalpropertiesinthesceneorthroughthecharacters dialogue thoughts statements andbehaviors HistoricalSetting Historicalsettingisanaspectofsettingthatpertainstowheneventsoccurandwhencharactersliveorinteract Timeperiod yearReignofaleaderorPresidentRoleofgovernmentMajorhistoricaleventsThesehistoricalfactorscanestablishapsychologicalorsociologicalunderstandingofbehaviorsandattitudes Morehistoricalfactors transportation epidemics wars economy naturaldisasters ACaseStudy TheGreatGatsby ThesettinginTheGreatGatsbyisveryimportantbecauseinFitzgerald sworldsettingrevealscharacter Physicalsetting Fitzgeralddividestheworldofthenovelintofourmajorsettings 1 EastEgg 2 WestEgg 3 thevalleyofashes and4 NewYorkCity Temporalsetting Intheyearof1922Culturalsetting Thenewwoman Gambling Prohibition 禁酒时期 Historicalsetting WorldWarI theJazzAge theGoldenTwentiesortheRoaring Inthisdecade Americabecamethewealthiestcountryintheworldwithnoobviousrival Readingforsetting Sometimesthesettingisclearlydescribedbythenarrator However someworkswillrequireyoutosearchforclues Learnabouttheauthorandthetimeandplaceofwriting Notesuggestivedetails Noteuniqueusesoflanguageand perhaps hiddenreferencestothe
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