翻译理论与实践(26).doc

作业讲评：这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it was, enabled us to see many places and meet old friends while making new acquaintances. An important topic of discussion was how the Chinese nation could become prosperous and powerful in the 21st century. Although the young people on the Mainland and in Taiwan live in different social contexts and have different experiences of life, they all bear in the innermost recesses of their hearts an indelible mark of the fine traditions of the Chinese culture. They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation. In this great epoch at the turn of the century, our motherland is moving toward greater prosperity. People across the Taiwan Straits are to promote exchanges and work together for achieving earlier reunification of our motherland . The precious opportunities and the tremendous challenges at the turn of the century have pushed the young people to the forefront of the historical arena (stage). In what way should the young generation embrace the new century replete with hopes? This is a question to which we have to seek an answer. indicate (SHOW) verb T to show, point or make clear in another way:Exploratory investigations have indicated large amounts of oil below the sea bed.+ question word Please indicate which free gift you would like to receive.+ (that) She indicated to me (that) she didnt want me to say anything.indication noun C or UThere are few indications (that) the economy is on an upswing.Helens face gave no indication of what she was thinking.indicative adjectivebeing or relating to a sign that something exists, is true, or is likely to happen:Resumption of the talks is indicative of an improving relationship between the countries.indicator noun CCommodity prices can be a useful indicator of inflation, he claimed.an economic indicatorsomersault , noun Ca rolling movement or jump, either forwards or backwards, in which you turn over completely, with your body above your head, and finish with your head on top again:She was so happy she turned three somersaults on the lawn.somersault , verb I The bus plunged down the embankment, somersaulted twice and finally landed on its side.nestle Show phoneticsverb I or T; + adverb or preposition 1 to rest yourself or part of your body in a warm, comfortable and protected position:She nestled (her head) against his shoulder.2 to be in, or put something in, a protected or sheltered position, with bigger things around it:Bregenz is a pretty Austrian town that nestles between the Alps and Lake Constance.nestling Show phoneticsnoun Ca young bird which has not yet learned to fly and still lives in the nest built by its parents翻译知识与对策：成语、熟语和歇后语的翻译汉语中的大量成语、熟语源自民间传说或历史典故。试将以下与三国演义中人物或事件有关的熟语译成英语：1 万事俱备，只欠东风2 身在曹营心在汉3 三个臭皮匠，胜过诸葛亮4 大意失荆州5 司马昭之心，路人皆知6 周瑜打黄盖，一个愿打，一个愿挨7 赔了夫人又折兵8 过五关，斩六将9 三顾茅庐10 单刀赴会1 Everything is ready, and all we need is an east windall is ready except what is crucial2 Like the case of Xu Shu(徐庶) who was staying in Cao Caos army in person, but was always thinking of joining Liu Beito serve someone only half-heartedly.3 Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang, the master mind.4 To lose the territory of Jingzhou, a strategic town in the Three Kingdoms Period, due to negligencesuffer a loss because of carelessness. Carelessness may result in a heavy loss.5 Sima Zhaos ill intent is known to allthe villains design is obvious.6 Like the case of Zhou Yu flogging Huang Gai. One is anxious to give the beating while the other is equally willing to take the beating.7 to give ones enemy a wife and lose ones soldiers as wellpay a double penalty; instead of making a gain, suffer a double loss8 (Lord Guan) slays six generals and breaches five passes9 to make three calls at the thatched cottage (as Liu Bei did when he sought the aid of Zhuge Liang, a master strategist then living in seclusion), repeatedly request someone to take up a responsible post.10 A lone swordsman, Lord Guan, presents himself at Lu Sus feast.大量借用流传于民间的脍炙人口的熟语是红楼梦的一大语言特色。出于不同的翻译理念，加上自身文化背景等方面的差异，杨、霍两位译者对熟语的处理不尽相同。试比较下列A（杨译）、B（霍译）两种译文的异同：1三天打鱼，两天晒网（第9回）A. like the fisherman who fishes for three days and then suns his net for two.B. one day fishing and two days to dry the nets2只许州官放火，不许民家点灯（第77回）Alike “the magistrate who goes for arson but wont allow common people to light a lamp”B Curfew for the common people, but the Prefect can light a fire.3. 生米做成了熟饭（第64回）A. The rice is already cooked.B. The rice is cooked and it cant be uncooked.5. 人怕出名猪怕壮（第83回）A. Bad for a man to be famed, and bad for a pig to grow fat.B. Fattest pigs make choicest bacon; Famous men are for the taking.6. 病来如山倒，病去如抽丝（第64回）A. Illness comes as fast as a wall falling down, but goes as slowly as unraveling a cocoon.B. Sickness comes like an avalanche but goes like reeling silk7. 嫁出去的女，泼出去的水（第81回）A. A married daughterspilt water.B. Marry a daughter, throw out the water8.嫁鸡随鸡，嫁狗随狗（第81回）A. Marry a cock and follow the cock; marry a dog and follow the dog.B. When rooster crows at break of day,All his hen-folk must obey.No choice for a dogs wifeBut to make the best of a dogs life.9. 癞蛤蟆想吃天鹅肉（第11回）i. A toad hankering for a taste of swan.ii. The toad on the ground wanting to eat the goose in the sky.10. 拼得一身剐，敢把皇帝拉下马（第68回）b) One who will risk being sliced to pieces dare unsaddle the Emperor.B. The man sentenced to death by a thousand cuts will dare to pull the Emperor off his horse.11. 心病终须心药治，解铃还得系铃人（第90回）a) The cure for a broken heart is heartening news; The knot must be untied by the one who tied it.B. No remedy but love can make the lovesick well;Only the hand that tied the knot can loose the tigers bell.12. 留得青山在，不愁没柴烧（第82回）a) As long as the mountains there we shant lack fuel.b) Keep the hill green, keep the hill green,And youll never lack fuel for winter again.13. 天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福（第11回）a) Storms gather without warning in nature, and bad luck befalls men overnight.b) The weather and human life are both unpredictable.14. 胖子也不是一口儿吃的。（第84回）a) No one grows fat on just one mouthful.b) A single spoonful never made a bouncing babe.15. 即便是巧媳妇也做不出无米的粥来（第24回）a) Even the cleverest housewife cant cook a meal without rice.b) Even the cleverest housewife cant make bread without flour.16. 人急造反，狗急跳墙（第42回）a) Desperation drives men to rebel and a dog to jump over a wall. B. The desperate dog will jump a wall, the desperate man will hazard all.17. 没吃过猪肉，也看见过猪跑。（第16回）A. Hes old enough to have seen a pig run, even if he hasnt yet tasted pork himself. B. Hes old enough to have seen a pig run, even if hes not old enough to have eaten pork.三、歇后语的英译举例：十五个吊桶打水，七上八下。Fifteen buckets being hurriedly lowered into a well for watereight going down while seven were coing up. To feel much upset擀面杖吹火-一窍不通。To blow up a fire through a rolling pinit just doesnt work.外甥打灯笼-照舅（旧）。The nephew carrying a lantern to give light to his unclethe same as before, to remain unchanged, to be back in the old rut竹篮打水-一场空。To draw water with a bamboo basketto be all in vain, to achieve nothing, to no avail.哑巴吃黄连-有苦难言。like the dumb man eating the bitter herb: to suffer bitterness in silence肉包子打狗-有去无回。A dog given a bone who doesnt come back for more. A meat-stuffed bun thrown at a dognever to be retrieved.和尚打伞-无法无天。A monk with an umbrella is defying the law, both human and divine. It is a ouble pun. A monk has a shaven head, hence no hair. A monk under an umbrella is cut off from the sky, he