川大外语考博之图表作文总结.doc

图表作文图表是用数字、图形传达信息的一种形式。看图表作文就是把这些数字、图形换成说明文字。图表或数字说明要求准确无误，用词恰当。写图表作文时，常用的开头句型是:A. It is a/table/chart/diagram/graph which describes that. It is a table/chart/diagram/graph of. This chart/table/pie diagram/graph points out/indicates/shows/illustrates that. As we can see/As can be seen from/in the chart/table/pie diagram/graph that. According to/As is shown in Table 1/Figure 2/Chart 3/Diagram 4 .B. A and B are totally/completely/entirely/quite/strikingly different in every way/many ways The difference between A and B is (lies in/consists in/exists) . Their differences can be described as follows: .e.g. Various Energy Sources Transformed into Electricity in the U.S.A.Gas water coal 13.7% 10.5% 46.5% Nucleus 12.4% oil 16.9% 10.5 You can describe the above as follows: It is a chart of various energy sources that are transformed into electricity in the U.S.A. This chart/pie diagram/graph shows/indicates that electricity is generated by consuming other forms of energy such as water, nucleus, gas, coal and oil and the percentage of all the other forms of energy is different in the U.S.A. As can be seen from the chart/As is shown in the diagram, electricity is generated by consuming other forms of energy such as water, nucleus, gas, coal and oil and the percentage of all the other forms of energy is different in the U.S.A. According to the diagram, we can see that electricity is generated by consuming other forms of energy such as water, nucleus, gas coal and oil and the percentage of all the other forms of energy is different in the U.S.A. 在图表写作中，应注意以下两点： 令图表写作一般可以分为三部分。 第一部分：对图表显示的数据加以概括说明； 第二部分：分析造成此种情况或变化的原因； 第三部分：进行总结或预测，探讨应该采取什么相应的措施。 命不要照搬数据，应加入自己的理解。 For example: Feature Bus trainNoiseLouderLowerSafetyMore accidentsFewer accidentsConvenienceLess convenientMore convenientCostExpensiveCheapTraffic controlDifficultEasyComfortLess comfortableMore comfortableSpeedFastFasterTime and routeFlexibleLess flexible在写文章之前，应先考虑以下几个问题： 1)图表是关于什么的公共汽车和火车的对比 2)图表比较的是什么公共汽车和火车的特点 3)比较的目的足什么哪一个更好些 4)结果怎么样火车似乎更好些 5)结论长途旅行时最好坐火车 考虑了这些问题之后，写出的文章如下： The Bus and the Train Nowadays with the development of our economy, traveling becomes more and more popular among people. And most people travel around by bus or by train because of the comparatively low cost. Then comes the question: which one is better, especially for those who make a long trip? This table just shows us the different features of the bus and the train. It is shown in the table that although trains are more fixed as far as time and route are concerned, they have more advantages over buses when it comes to noise, safety, traffic control, convenience, cost, comfort and speed. Unlike buses, trains make lower noise, which will not bother passengers when sleeping or chatting. Besides, passengers can sit, walk around or lie down on trains but we can only sit while on buses. Usually, it is hard to get something to eat if the passengers are hungry, but the life on trains is more convenient for them because trains have not only dining halls and cafeterias but also washrooms. And most important of all, trains are cheaper and faster with no traffic jams which are often met with by buses.So, taking all the features together into consideration, I would be in favor of traveling by train because I can live just as I am at home. 本篇文章以表中信息为基础，对比说明火车和汽车的优缺点。但是在说明主题时，这里只是选用了表中比较重要的信息(而不是所有的信息)作为论据，相互比较，从而得出结论。Example 2: Fire, one of the most terrible killers in our modem society, is mainly caused by smokers, defective insulation and children playing with matches, which can be seen from the graph above. In 1998, 80 fire incidents took place in china. Of them 62.5% were caused by smokers, 25% were caused by defective insulation, and 12.5% were caused by children playing with matches. No matter what the type of the fire, the cause was usually carelessness. From the graph, we can conclude that smokers are the leading cause of fires, but we also need to educate our children, warning them of the dangers of playing with matches and instruct workers be more careful with insulation.写作模式：1. There are many reasons/ causes for , but in general, they come down to three major ones. For one thing, for another,. Perhaps the prime reason/ cause is that From the foregoing, .Example:Why Are There More and More Private Schools in China? Nowadays, private schools spring tip like mushrooms in China. This phenomenon ends the state monopoly of the Chinas educational system. Although private schools are still on the experimental stage and their tuition is usually higher than that of public schools, there is no tack o application for environment. There are many reasons for private schools to be set up, but in general, they come down to three major ones, For one thing, the government wont, interfere with private schools, since they can be less burdened with heavy expenditure of financing so many schools. Why should they? For another, with more money than the public schools have, those private schools can attract more qualified and experienced teachers. Also, they can offer students better environments including first-class facilities and teachingequipment. Perhaps the prime reason is that parents are willing to send their only child to receive better education in spire of high cost. From the foregoing, private schools are on the initial stage. What will their future be like? Only time will tell. But it should be understood that the educational system is getting better and better.Pattern 2.Like everything else, . has/ have both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.First, . Besides, . Most important of all,.But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. To begin with, . To make matters worse,. Worst of all,.Now the conclusion is self-evident. The positive aspects outweigh the negative ones. Therefore, . And try to change the negative aspects into positive ones. Example : Advantages and Disadvantages of Failure No one is always successful without failure. Like everything else,failure has both favorable aspects and unfavorable aspects. Generally,the positive aspects can be listed as follows. First, we can learn a lesson from failure so that we wont make thesame mistake again. Thus, we will be on the way to success, as thesaying goes, Failure is the mother of success. Besides, failure canfortify our minds. If we have experienced a lot of failure, we will not beafraid of next one. Finally, failure helps us further understand themeaning of success. I someone has never experienced failure, he willnot know the real value of success and will not feel happy when hesucceeds. But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are alsoapparent. To begin with, since people who fail are usually neglected hutseldom c