大英3unit1教案

大英3unit1教案 Teaching MaterialUnit1A Brushwith theLaw TeachingObjectives1.Analyze thecontent andstructure of the text.2.Grasp someuseful words,phrases anddeep meaningof difficultsentences in the text.Main Points1.Lead students to analyzethe text.2.Make studentsmaster thelanguage pointsin thetext.Difficult Points1.How tomake studentsunderstand wellof thetext.2.How toimprove studentsreading andspeaking ability.Teaching Procedures1.Lead in2.Analyze thetext3.Explain thelanguage points4.Conclusion andhomework StepI.Lead in1.Use somequestions tolead to the newtext.1)Are youmore suspiciousof somestrangers thanothers?What influencesyou whenjudging whethera strangercan be trusted?2)Do you think thateveryone isequal in the eyesof the law?3)Have youever beenstopped by the police?If so,how didyou feel?2.The teachergives asummary andan introduction to thetext.Step II.Analyze thetext1.Main Idea:The textis takenfrom PenguinAdvanced WritingSkills piledBy JamesO?Driscoll.We allknow that the chiefpurposes of law areto maintainpeace andorder,to protectthe rightsof citizens,to securejustice andto punishwrong-doers thosewho breakthe law.Good lawsare thosethat areconsidered toserve thecause ofjustice for the societyto whichthey apply.But evengood lawsmay be unjustly appliedor maybeunjustin certainsituations.In the story were goingto studytoday,the authortells usabout whathappened tohim morethan adecade ago.It wasreally avery unpleasant experience,yet itprovides uswith muchfood forthought.2.Elements of thestory:Timein February12years ago,between thetime afterthe narrator?s graduationfrom middleschool andbefore the narrators enteringthe universityPlaceRichmond,a suburbof LondonMain Charactersthenarrator and the twopolicemen Happeningthenarrator?s arbitrary arrest andrelease3.Structure:Part I(Para.1)The narratorhas oncebeen introuble with thelaw,which wasrather anunpleasantexperience.Part II(Para.2-20)The narratoewas arbitrarilyarrested andreleased.Part III(Para.21-22)The narratorbelieves thatif hehad efrom adifferent background,he would have beenfound guilty.4.Background Information:LawyerSolicitorBarrister Lawyer:the generalterm for anyone whosework isto advisehis clientsabout thelaw andrepresent themin courtSolicitor:a lawyerwho givesadvice,appears inlower courts,and preparescases for a barristerto arguein ahigher courtBarrister:a lawyerwho has the rightof speakingand arguingin thehigher courtsoflawThe Sixties“Youth Counterculture”1)The conceptof“counterculture”:the attitudes and lifestyles ofmany youngpeople whorejected conventionalsocial valuesand demandedmore personalfreedom2)Countries:U.S.,Britain,France,other westerncountries3)Time:from the1960sto the late1970s Theword“counterculture”was coinedin the1960s forthe attitudesand lifestyles ofmany youngpeople whorejected conventionalsocial valuesand demandedmore personalfreedom.The counterculturefirst arosein theU.S.during the1960sandsoon spreadto Britain,France andother westerncountries.These youngpeople wereopposed to the VietnamWar anddissatisfied withthe existingstate of affairs in their society.Yet,unable to find amore constructiveway ofstruggling against these,they indulgedthemselves insex,drugs,alcohol androck musicand tookgreat pride in wearinglong hair and unusualclothes andin takingup anythingthat wasunconventional.The counterculturedeclined inthe late1970s MiddleClass1)In Britain:It referstotheclass ofpeople betweenthe nobilityand theworking class.It includesprofessional men(such asdoctors,lawyers andarchitects),bankers,owners ofbusiness andsmall gentry.2)In theUnited States:It referstotheclass ofpeople betweenthe verywealthy classand theclass ofunskilled laborersand unemployedpeople.It includesbusinessmen,professional people,office workers,and manyskilled workers.Step III.Content analysisquestions1.Judging frompara.1,what is the writer?s attitudeto hisstory?(para.1)2.What wasthe authordoing beforehe sawthe policemen?What?stheresult?(para.2-4)3.Perform thedialogue betweenthe authorand the policemen.(para.5-12)4.What reasonsdid thepolicemen havefor suspectingthat thewriter wasa thief?(para.3-17)5.Did the author hire a lawyer?Did hisEnglish teachergive evidenceinthe court?Why?Who paidforthecosts inthecourt?(para.18-19)【The solicitorgot the magistrate tomake thedecision that the expensesof thecase shouldbe paidbythepolice.】6.What hisrelease fromthe chargedepended on?(4things,para.20)What canwe inferfrom“right aent”?【“Right aent”proves thatthenarratorwas well-educated.】What does“the obscurenature ofthe charge”refer to?【The chargeagainstthe authorwandering alongthe streetwith intentto steal milk bottles from doorstepswas veryvague andunclear.】7.Why didthepolicesay“You couldhave beena bitmore helpfulwhen wearrested you”?What didhe mean?(para.21-22)【以貌取人judge peopleonly byappearance看人下菜碟decide onthe dishesaording tothe guests;treat a person aordingto hissocial standing】Group DiscussionTopics:1.Why doesthe authorthink hisarrest arbitrary?2.Why doestheauthorthink hisrelease fromthe chargearbitrary?1.When he was arrested,he wasnot doinganything againstlaw,nor didhe havesuch anintention.He hadbeen wandering aimlessly inthe streets,that?s true;but that?s becauseit wassuch afine dayand althoughhe wantedtofind a temporaryjob toearn somemoney to go traveling,he wasin nohurry.The policemenarrested himsimply becausethey found him wearinglong untidyhairand wanderingaimlesslyinthe streets andthey thoughthe mightwant tostealmilk bottlesfromdoorsteps.But allthis wasno warrantto havehim arrested.2.reasons:1)He hadthe“right”aent,that is,he probablyhad receiveda goodeducation;2)He hadrespectable,middle-class parentsin court,that is,hewasfrom a?good?family;3)He hadreliable witnesses;4)He couldafford avery goodsolicitor,that is,his familywas richenough tohirea good lawyer.The magistratesmust havethought that a youngman withsuch abackground couldnot havemitted suchan offenceas stealingmilkbottles.And theauthor feelssure thatif hehad efrom adifferent backgroundand hadreally beenunemployed,the magistratewould mostprobably havefoundhimguilty.Step IV.Language points重点语言点1.circumstances:(Usu.pl.)n.facts;conditions connectedwith anevent oraperson情况，状况，环境Collocations:under/in（the）circumstances在(这种)情况下修饰语present当前情况any任何情况exceptional/special特殊情况favorable有利条件，顺境unfavorable不利条件tragic悲惨境况under/in nocircumstances在任何情况下都不，无论如何，决不（与any含义正相反）act aordingto circumstances随机应变（汉语成语，让学生译）造句在任何情况下，战士都不能离开自己的岗位。 A soldiercann?t leave his postunder anycircumstances.（不用situation因其强调形式局面）In nocircumstances cana soldierleavehispost.（否定词位于句首要倒装）circumstances environmentsurroundings辨析environment环境的总称，既指物质的环境又指精神的环境（如感受、道德观念的影响）。 与circumstances的不同之处在于它更强调环绕着某一特定的人或物的含义。 circumstances强调事件或动作发生时的“情况”、环境。 指人所无法改变的特定客观状况、境遇或环境。 surroundings仅指某地周围的事物，自然环境。 与environment相比，其范围较小且只指具体的物质的东西。 Eg.环境污染the pollutionof environment愉快的学习氛围happy studyenvironment优美的校园环境beautiful surroundingsintheschool/campus顺境逆境favorable/adverse circumstances2.subsequent:adj.later;ing after,following随后的，接下去的n.subsequence随后发生的事，后果作定语修饰其他词。 如后来发生的事情证明我对形势的判断是正确的译Subsequent eventsprove thatmy judgementofthesituation wasright.常与to连用，意为“在?之后”例如His illnesswas subsequentto hisfather?death.他父亲去世后，他病了。 在那场事故之后发生的事情events thathappened subsequenttotheaident(写黑板上)3.conduct:n.the wayone behaves,esp.in public,in theirjobs,etc.行为，品行，表现v.1)manage;direct;carry out指挥，引导，处理，进行conduct oneselfwell举止端正conduct business与做生意conduct anexperiment/an inquiry/a survey/investigations做实验/进行调查2)allow(heat orelectricity)to travelalong orthrough传导（导电，导热）conduct heat/electricity导热/电conduct,direct&lead这些动词都含“引导”之意。 conduct正式用词，指“引导某人去某处”，强调亲自带领；也强调监督管理一群有共同目的或目标的人。 direct指“为某人指方向”，但自己不一定亲自引路lead指“走在前面给某人引路或带路人共同去达到某一目标”。 用于抽象意义时，指在某项活动或运动中起主导和组织作用。 4.dismiss:v.1）refuse toconsider someone?s idea,opinion,etc.,because youthink it is notserious,true,or important;if ajudge dismissesa courtcase,he orshe stopsit fromcontinuing驳回，对不予受理（译由于证据不足法官不受理此案。 The casewas dismissedbecause oflacking ofevidence.）2)remove someonefrom hisjob/position解雇，免职3)allow someone togo解散，使退去用法dismiss sb.(from ajob)for sth.因?解雇某人dismiss thecharges against sb.驳回对某人的指控dismiss theclass下课（The teacherdismissed theclass tenminutes early.）?了解a wordof mandattheend ofdrilling解散!(训练结束时的口令)at ease稍息attention立正Fall in!集合Left turn!向左转5.call(up)on:invite,require;appeal to要求，号召e.g.Dr.Smith wasoften calledupon tospeak atthese gatherings.The Presidentcalled onhis peopleto workhard fornational unity.cf.call on:还有拜访，会见的意思；call for:需要，要求（e orgo toget sb.or sth.;require,demand）；call off:取消；call up:召集，打电话给某人，使某人想起6.far adv.to a certain point,degree,or stage就之限度；在范围内e.g.I didn?t knowbiological sciencehad gotthat far.(I didn?t knowbiological sciencehad developedto sucha stageas that.)How farcan hebetrusted?He wentso faras tocheat openlyon exams.What doestheauthormean bythe phrase“that far”?My trialended beforeit reachedthe stagewhen thewitnesses wouldbe calledontogive evidence.7.stand a chance(of):have achance有机会，有希望e.g.I wouldapply forthe postif Iwere you.I thinkyou standagoodchance.Without adegree andwith noexperience inteaching,I don?t thinkI standachance of gettingthe teachingpost.Do youthink markstands achanceofbeing elected.8.award:v.1)officially givesomeone sth.such asa prizeor moneyto reward them for sth.they havedone授予（奖品等）2)give sbsth bya decisionin acourt oflaw（在法庭上）判给n.sth.such asa prizeor moneygiven tosomeoo rewardthem for sth.they havedone奖品用法award sth.to sb./award sb.sth.for(doing)sth.因?把某物判给某人，把某物授予某人be awardedsth.for(doing)sth.因?而被授予?the firstaward一等奖gain/obtain/win anaward获奖present/make anaward授奖，颁奖The OscarAward Ceremony奥斯卡颁奖典礼(8月28日晚，第十届长春电影节闭幕式暨颁奖典礼举行the10th ChangchunChina FilmFestival)award&reward这两个动词均有“给予奖励”之意。 award强调指官方或经正式研究裁决后对有功者或竞赛优胜者所给予的奖励。 reward指所给予的奖励，强调的是为某事付出的报答，报酬。 He gavethe childrensome chocolatetorewardthemforbehaving well.Einstein wasawarded theNobel Prizefor hisachievement inphysics.9.respectable:adj.respectable&respectful（常考）这两个形容词均可表示“尊敬的”之意。 respectable指因品质、人格或身份等高尚或高贵而受到他人的尊敬。 “值得尊敬的”例如这是一位值得尊敬的老人。 This isa respectableold manrespectful指对某人表示尊敬或敬意例如你们应该尊敬自己的父母。 you shouldbe respectfulto yourparents.另外几个词形相近词的辨析respected过去分词，表被动。 “被尊敬的，受到尊敬的”（强调结果已经受到了尊敬,而respectable虽值得，但结果不一定）respecting关于，是介词。 respective各自的，分别的10.given prep.taking intoaount;if allowedor providedwith考虑到；假定eg.Given theirinexperience,they havedone agood job.考虑到他们缺乏经验，这工作他们做的不错。 （given引导的介词短语作状语，主句中that从句作宾语，从句中包含一个虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以从句中用过去完成时，主句中wouldhavedone的结构）Useful collocations:given+n./that-clause就而言；考虑到under agiven condition在特定的条件下at agiven time在既定的时间11.Can youfind anyexpressions wehave learnedthat aresimilar inmeaning to“there isevery chance?”?.it islikely that?;.chances arethat.次重点语言点1.process n.Useful collocations:develop anew process研制一种新工艺hasten the process加快进程shorten theprocess缩短过程be intheprocessof在的过程中be inprocess在进行中2.counterculture:反主流文化counter-:prefix前缀反对，相反，回击，对应e.g.counterattack:反攻，反击counterrevolution:反革命counterintelligence:反情报counterpart:相对应的人或物3.casual a.careless;informal Useful collocations:be casualabout对很随便/不关心casual clothes/shoes便服，便鞋4.guilty a.Useful collocations:be guiltyof acrime犯罪feel guiltyabout sth.为感到内疚find sb.guilty判某人有罪5.apologize vi.tell sb.you aresorry thatyou havedone sth.Wrong道歉，认错Useful collocations:apologize deeply深表歉意apologize humbly谦恭地道歉apologize(to sb.)for(doing)sth.因（向某人）道歉apology n.Useful collocations:aept/demand an apology接受或要求道歉make anapology to sb.道歉owe sb.anapologyfor(doing)sth.因该向某人道歉a publicapology公开道歉a sincereapology真诚的道歉6.reliable:可靠的，可信赖的(词根rely v.)Useful collocations:a reliablefriend可信赖的朋友a reliableproduct品质可靠的产品7.take sb.to court:take legalaction againstsb.对某人提出诉讼，控告e.g.I toldhim thatI wouldtake himto courtif hedid notrepay themoney in a week.If yougo onill-treating yourwife likethis,you willbe takento court.8.arbitrarya.based onone?s ownwishes orwill ratherthan reason任意的，武断的e.g.If aleader makesdecisions withoutconducting investigations,he isbeing arbitrary.The arbitrarydecisions ofthe factoryowners causeddissatisfaction amongthe workers.Useful collocations:an arbitrarygovernment专制的政府an arbitrarydecision武断的决定arbitrary punishment任意的惩罚9.due a.1)expected orscheduled toarrive orbe ready;supposed(to)预期的；约定的e.g.The trainfrom Beijingis dueat2:30.The nexttrain toNanjing isdue toleave atten.2)to bepaid orreturned应付的，到期的e.g.When isthe rentdue?The booksare due today butI wantto renewsome ofthem.Useful collocations:be due to dosth.预定做be dueata place预定（某时）到达某地be dueforsth.应得到duetosth./sb.因为cf.(be)dueto:(be)caused by10.temporary a.lasting fora shorttime only暂时的e.g.Tim founda temporaryjob forthe summerin ahardware store.This isnot mypermanent address;itisonly a temporary one.Useful collocations:temporary arrangement临时安排temporary employment临时雇佣a temporarymember ofthe staff临时工atemporarysolution临时解决办法cf.permanent a.lasting fora longtime orforever永久的，永恒的11.save up:keep forfuture use存钱，储蓄e.g.It tookhim ayear tosave upenough moneyforaputer.They arenow savingup tobuy ahouse inthe suburbs.12.obvious a.easy tosee orunderstand;clear明显的，显而易见的e.g.It wasobvious thatthe policemanmistook meforathief.For obviousreasons,themagistratedismissed thecase after15minutes.Useful collocations:obvious fact/truth/advantage明显的事实/真理/优势be obviousto sb.对某人来说很明显Note:同义词apparent,clear,evident,distinct13.uniform n.acertaintype ofclothing whichall membersofagroup ororganization wear制服；军服e.g.Policemen wearuniform(s);so dosoldiers,postmen andCustoms men.The boysand girlstake greatprideinwearing schooluniforms.14.wander v.walk aroundaplaceinacasual way,often withouta fixedcourse,aim orpurpose闲逛；漫游e.g.After supperhe wouldgo outandwanderalone inthestreetsfor aboutan hour.David wanderedthrough thebookstore,hoping tofindagood bookfor Lily?s birthday.Useful collocations:wander about漫游wander away/off走失wander from/off asubject离题15.mit v.do(sth.wrong,bad,foolish,or unlawful)干（坏事），犯（错误、罪）e.g.If wefail tounderstand this,we shallm