语音练习手册.doc

张冠林. 大学一年级英语语音练习手册. 外研社，2006.V. Exercises for Consonant Clusters1.Initial1） /sp/ spy speak spit (吐) spark（火花） sport spade spinster（未婚女人） /st/ stay steal still steak（牛排） star story stand/sk/ sky ski（滑雪） sketch（草图） school scold（责骂） skate（溜冰） /sf/ sphere（球体） sphinx（狮身人面像） spherical（球状的） /sm/ small smile smoke smith smack（咂嘴）/sn/ snow sneeze（打喷嚏） snake snap（折断） snatch（抓住）/sl/ sleep slide（滑动） slow slim（苗条的） slot（缝,槽） slum（贫民窟）/sw/ swear（骂人） swap（交换） swag（摇晃） sway（倾斜） sweet swerve（突然转向）2) /pl/ /pr/ play please plot/ pray press print/tr/ /tw/ try tree train truck/ twice twin twelve tweed（粗花呢） twist（扭,拧）/kl/ /kr/ /kw/ climb claim clique clock clerk/ cry cream crush croak (蛙鸣声) cradle（摇篮） crack/ quite quick quit（离开） quote（引证） queen quiver（抖动）/bl/ /br/ blue blow black blame（责备） blush（脸红） blow block（街区）/ breathe broad bring bright brother /dr/ /dw/ dress dream dry drain draw dread drum/ dwell（居住） dwarf（矮子） dwindle（减少）/l/ /r/ glass glide glow glad globe（地球） glory（光荣）/ green grow great grass grab（抓,夺） grade/fl/ /fr/ fly flow flee（逃离） flesh（肉） fling（抛,扔） flat flirt（调情）/ from frame frank（坦率的） free French frail（虚弱的）/Wr/ /Fr/ three throw threat through throat throb（跳动）/ shriek（尖叫）shrink（收缩）shrewd（精明的） shrill（尖叫）shrimp（虾） 3) /spr/ spring spray（喷洒） sprout（发芽,抽条） spruce（整洁漂亮的） spread sprinkle（洒,撒）/str/ string strong street straight stride（大步走）/skr/ scream screw（螺钉） script（手稿） scroll（卷轴） scratch（搔,抓） /spl/ spleen（脾脏） splay（展开） splash（溅,泼） splendid（灿烂的） splint（夹板）/skw/ square squeeze（挤） squat（蹲） squint（斜视） squeak（尖叫） 2.Final1） Voiceless consonants+/s/caps lips books roofs smiths（铁匠） desks maths lakes 2) Voiced consonants+/z/dogs pigs cabs（出租汽车） ribs leaves proves clothes seems harms sons means girls miles sings songs words 3) Voiceless consonants+/t /stopped stepped asked kicked kissed missed washed finished watched touched4) Voiced consonants+/d/robbed（抢劫） rubbed（摩擦） begged hugged（拥抱） loved moved seized seemed harmed（伤害） learned burned longed banged（碰撞） called smiled5) Voiceless consonants+/ts/tests rests beasts（野兽） feasts（宴会） boasts（自夸） hosts（主人） gifts shifts（轮班）6) Voiced consonants+/dz/ fields shields wields（挥动） folds（折叠） holds ends spends pretends（假装） extends（延伸） VI.Exercises for Incomplete Plosion , Nasal and Lateral Plosion1.incomplete plosion 1) Plosives + plosives active blackboard bookcase post-card September put down / wet ground / next door / stop talking / keep quiet / take care / not bad / great concern / hard times / quite different/ waste/time / a great deal 2) Plosives +Fricatives (1) friendship first / old friends / step forward(向前走)/ red flags / a bright future(光明的前程) / sweet flowers / ripe fruit / a complete failure(彻底的失败)/ advance/ advice / a kind voice / a one-sided view(片面的观点) / first visit/ second volume (第二卷) / constant vigilance(始终警惕) / a complete victory (2) just think / a thousand thanks(万分感谢) / get through(通过) / take three/ bright thought / the right thing / abstract theory(抽象的理论) / black thread / get there / just then / take this / ask them(3) red stars / bright sky / first step(第一步) / keep silent(保持安静) / short stories / folk songs(民歌) / deep snow / a great success / a good season/ a big zoo / a good zipper(一条好的拉链)(4) bookshelves / first shift(第一班)/ dont shout / look sharp / make sure(确保)/ a good shot (一个好球)/ a smart shirt (一件漂亮的衬衣) / a publicshow(公演)3)Plosives+Affricateswhitechalk / greatchanges/ loudcheers(大声欢呼)/ agoodtry/ agoodchild/ thefirstchapter(第一章)/ abitdry / asecondchoice / agoodjob/ ablackjacket/ abigtree/abigjar/ ahardjourney/ excellentjudgement(精辟的判断)/ afasttrain/ asweetdream/ acolddrink2.Nasal Plosion/t,d+m,n/ goodmorning/ attendmeetings/ notmine/ help me/ agoodmemory(好记忆)/ adifferentmeaning/ an importantmatter/ midnight(午夜)/ atnoon/ notnow/ dontknow/ oddnumbers(单数)/ quitenear/ goodnews/ urgentneeds/ aloudnoise3.Lateral Plosion/t,d+l/ little battle(战斗) bottle cattle(牲口) gentle(文雅的) kettle(水壶) settle title(头衔) bundle(包，捆) candle(蜡烛) handle(把手) idle(懒散的) middle paddle(涉水) needle boldly(大胆地) friengly hardly loudly proudly rapidly atleast/ atlast/ atleisure(闲着的)/ atlunch/ atliberty(自由的)Anoutline(大纲)/ aredlantern(红灯笼)/ thethirdlesion/ agoodleader/ thesecondlongest(第二长).Exercises for ImportantWeak Formsa,an /E, En /a lion/ a table / an ungly man / an hour / an honest man / aEuropean / a university / what a pity! / Youll need an axe. / An apple a day keeps the doctor away.(每日一苹果，不必看医生) am/ Em, m / Im all right. / Im not ready yet. / Ive seen him and am glad to say hes well. / What am I to do? / Im in a terrible hurry.(我急着要走) Where am I now?and/ End, En/ Two and six / fire and the sword / Tom and Annie / John andKate left early. / Give Jack four and a penny. / Go and tell your Uncle. / a cat and dog life (充满争吵的生活)are/ E / The boys are here. / Our friends are out. / Are you there? / What are you doing?/ These things are all mine./ Are you ready to go now?as/Ez/ as good as gold (小孩很乖)/ as far as I know(就我所知)/ It look as if youre right./ Do as youre told. It isnt as good as I thought./ Ill stop now, as its late .at/Et/ Im looking at the clock./ Toms still at school./Hell be back at six./Ill meet you at the gate./Youll see a bank at the corner./ At any rate, thats not bad!be/bI/ Dont be late./ Do be quiet./Ill be ready soon./Come on, I dont want to be late!/We shall be there in plenty of time.been/bIn/ Youve been a long time./ All the works been done./Ive been cheated!/Weve been playing chess./I wish I hadnt been so hasty.(如果我不是那样草率就好了)but/bEt/ Its old but useful./Weve nothing but water./ Its raining but Ill o out./ Jacks careful but not very bright.( Jack很认真但不聪明)/ Thats nothing but nonsense.can/kEn/ What can I do to help you?/ I can see it quite well./I can smell gas./ That can be done in a minute./ Can you do me a favor?（能帮我个忙吗？)could/kEd/ I could leave early./ What could I do ?/The dress could be altered.(衣服可以改)/I wish I could swim./You could do it if you tried./We could put you up for the night.(我们可以让你过夜)do/dE,d/ What do you want?/ Where do you buy them?/ Where do you get them?/Do you really think he is stupid?/ Why do you work so hard?does /dEz/ What does he do for a living? (他靠什么生活)/ Where does this road lead to?(这条路通到哪里)/Where does your brother live?/How does that affect you? (那件事对你影响如何)/ How on earth does it work?for/fE/ Is this for me? / This watch will last forever!/ Theres parcel here for you./Thisll be good for you.(这对你有好处)/For years and years Ive said it would happen .(多少年来我一直在说这事会发生)/It was art for arts sake.(那是为了艺术的艺术)from/frEm/ I cant tell one from the other./ Ive just heard from Mary./Hes a visitor from Italy./He cant tell red from green.(他不能区分红绿二色)had has have /hEd,d/ /hEz,z/ /hEv,v/ Has the post come?(邮件来了吗)/Had I know, Id have told you about it./ When Tom had finished, he left./Cook has burned the cakes./ The guests have arrived./ Theyd gone./ Wed better hurry./ Youve made a mistake./ Thats never occurred before./Has your friend got over the incident?(你朋友已经摆脱事故的影响了吗)he/hI,I/ He told me a story./ What was it he said?/ Hes a good boy./ Hes gone before I arrived.her /hE,E/ I gave her a book./ Shes got her ticket./ Her answer surprised her father./ They gave her a lot of good advice.him /Im/ I gave him a book./ Give him my best wishes./ Tell him to come./ I met him once./ I dont know him and I dont want to know him.is/z,s/ Whos in the bathroom?/ Whats the matter?/ The mans in the kitchen./ His wifes Italian./ Whats the use of grumbling?(抱怨有什么用处) /That fellows a scoundrel.(那个人是个坏蛋)me /mI/ He gave me my ticket./ They want me to do it./ Bill taught me to swim./ Dont look at me like that, is makes me nervous .must /mEst/ You must eat it at once./ He must go now./ You must remember youre only a beginner./ I must make a note of that.(我得把这事记下来)/ That must be done at once.of /Ev/ One of the books is missing./ Its made of cheese and eggs./ The jug is full of cream./ Ive never heard of it./ That ones the best of the bunch.(那人是这些人中最好的)shall /FEl/ When shall I see you again?/ I shall be back soon./ Shall I see you home?/ What shall we tell him when we see him?/ I shall be thirty next Wednesday.(下个星期我就30岁了)she /FI/ What did she say?/ She said she was in a hurry./ She told me she hadnt time./ She doesnt like plums, doesnt she?should /FEd/ What should I say?/ We should get there early by that train./ You should be careful, my boy./ I should be much obliged to you.(我非常感谢你)/ Everyone should try to do good.(大家都应该做好事)some /sEm,sm/ Would you like some milk?/ Ive got some letters for you ./ Give him some more./ Have you got some good coffee?/ He bought some eggs, some bacon and some bread.than /TEn/ Its bigger than I thought./ Thats more than I want./ Thats more than enough./ Dont eat more than your share.(别吃得过量) that /TEt/ He said that he was late./ I told him that he was lazy./ Well, this is the best that I can do.them /TEm/ Ill give them back./ We saw them yesterday./ Please hand these pens to them./ Give then my regards.(代我向他们问好)/ If I see them, Ill tell then what happened.there /TE/ Theres a club around the corner.(拐弯处有个俱乐部)/ Is there a canteen here?(这儿有吃饭的地方吗)/ There was a strange look in his eyes.(他眼中流露出一种奇异的神情)/ Oh dear, there isnt any bread left.to /tJ,tE/ I want you to work hard./ They went to the zoo./ Do you want to go? Oh, yes, Id love to./ Last year they went to India.us /Es/ They told us to go./ I wonder if they saw us./ Lets go out now./ They gave us a cordial welcome.(他们热情欢迎我们)was /wEs/ What was he saying?/ Was anyone hurt?(有人受伤了吗)/ That was splendid./ He said his friend was an artist./ What was his explanation?we /wI/ We saw him there, didnt we?/ What shall we do?/ Well go tomorrow./ Wed like a drink./ Weve not much time./ Why are we waiting?were /wE/ The boys were busy./ They were all at home./ What were you doing?/ There were several foreigners here./ Why were you so angry with him?would /wEd,d/ What would you like?/ What would be the best thing to do?/ John would help you if you asked him./Id do it if I could./ Wed love to go./ Youd succeed if you tried.(只要坚持你就会成功)VIII.Reading Materials for the Practice of Pausing 1 Unlike the aeroplane,/ helicopter can fly straight up and down./ It can hover and alight on the ground / as gently as a bird settles in a tree./ An aeroplane travels very fast / even when it is coming down ,/ so it needs a very large field to land in./ A helicopter cannot carry as many passengers,/ but it can land in a very small space./ It can even land safely on the flat roofs of buildings.2 The year has four seasons :/spring,/ summer,/ autumn and winter./ There are twelve months:/January,/ February,/ March,/ April,/ May,/ June,/ July,/ August,/ September,/ October,/ November and December. A month has thirty or thirty-one days./ February has twenty-eight days,/ and twenty-nine in a leap year./ A week has seven days:/ Monday,/ Tuesday, / Wednesday, / Thursday , / Friday / Saturday and Sunday . The day has twenty-four hours, / an hour sixty minutes / and a minute sixty seconds.3 An airport is a very busy place,/ Besides the long runways needed by planes / when coming in to land or when taking off, /there are many important buildings on it./ These are all near one another , / and the most important one is the control tower, / from which signals by wireless are made / to arriving and departing planes./ There are also hangars / where planes are kept until they are needed / and where they can be overhauled and repaired, / waiting room for passengers, / customs offices,/ restaurants, / and very often a hotel./ If the airport is some distance from a town or a railway station, / buses may be provided for the convenience of passengers.New Words aeroplane /eErEpleIn /n. 飞机 helicopter /hPlIk pt/ n . 直升飞机straight /streIt/ ad. 直接地 hover /h v/ v. 盘旋alight /ElaIt/ v. 降落 gently /dVentlI/ ad. 轻轻地settle /setl/ v. 飞抵,飞下 passenger /pAsEndVE/ n. 乘客space /speIs/ n. 空间 roof /rU:f/ n. 房顶leap year闰年 airport /epC:t/ n. 飞机场runway /rQnweI/ n. 跑道 land /lAnd/ v. 着陆take off 起飞 control tower控制塔signal /sInEl/ n. 信号 wireless /waIElIs/ n. 无线电arriving and departing planes抵达机场的或离开 hangar /hANE/ n. 飞机库起飞的飞机 overhaul /EJvEhC:l/ v. 大检修repair /rIpeE/ v. 修理 customs offices海关hotel /hEJtel/ n. 旅馆 distance /dIstns/ n. 距离provide /prEvaId/ v. 提供 convenience /knvi:njns/ n.方便Exercises Mark the places where pauses should be made:1 Much of the paper we use is made from trees. Woodsmen go into the forest and cut down the trees. Other men cut the trees into logs which are taken to the paper mill. There large saws cut the logs into very small pieces about sixteen inches long. These are then cut into very small pieces by many sharp knives. Now large vats which look like big flat barrels receive the small pieces. In these vats the pieces are made into what is called pulp. This pulp is laid on copper nets and run between heavy hot rollers that press it into paper. At last, after going between many rollers,much of the paper is wound into rolls and placed in a storehouse ready to be used.woodsman /wJdzmEn/ n. 伐木工 forest /f rIst/ n. 森林log /l / n. 圆木 saw /sC:/ n. 锯子inch /IntF/ n. 英寸 vat /vAt/ n. 大桶 barrel /bArEl/ n. 圆桶 pulp /pQlp/ n. 纸浆 copper /k pE/ n. 铜 net /net/ n. 网状物roller /rEJlE/ n. 滚筒 press /pres/ n. 挤，压wound /waJnd/ v. 弯曲（动词wind的过去分词） storehouse /stC:haJs/ n. 仓库 2Have you ever seen a forest fire?It is a terrifying thing to see the flames run along the ground licking up the leaves and dead branches.No wonder those whose homes are near gather quickly to fight the fire.If the fire cannot be stopped,these people will lose everything .water can seldom be used to put out a forest fire for most of the time water is not available.Instead of using water the men fight fire with fire.With hoes,shovels,and rakes they make a broad,chean path through the forest some distance ahead of the fire.Then they set “backfires”along that side of this clean path which lies toward the coming fire.These backfires burn slowly toward the main fire.when they meet both must die out for lack of fuel.flame /fleIm/ n. 火焰 lick /lIk/ v. （火焰等）掠过，吞没branch /brB:ntF/ n. 树枝 put out扑灭available /EveIlEbl/ a. 可以得到的，在手边的 hoe /hEJ/ n. 锄头shovel /FQvEl/ n. 铲子rake /reIk/ n. 耙子 backfire / bAkfaIE/ n. 回火（以火灭火）fuel /fjU:El/ n. 燃料 3Most of us like to eat potatoes.But most people do not know what part of the potato is best for food.Take a sharp knife and cut from the middle of the potato a slice as thin as paper.Hold the slice between your eyes and the light.You will see that the potato has a skin,an outside rim,and an inside part.The outside rim which is immediately beneath the away with the skin.Even the skin itself is better for food than the inside.When eating a baked potato,if you scoop out the inside and leave the outside you are wasting the best part of it.If you cannot eat the whole potato,eat the outside rim and leave the inside.New Wordspotato /pEteItEJ/ n. 土豆 slice /slaIs/ n. 片skin /skIn/ n. 皮，壳 rim /rIm/ n. (圆形物的）边valuable /vAljJEbl/ a. 宝贵的 baked potato烤土豆scoop /skU:p/ v. 挖 4A boatman wanted to cross a river.He had to take with him a goat,a wolf and a basket of cabbage.His boat was so small that he could take only one of them at a time. “If I leave the wolf and the goat together,the wolf may eat the goat,”he said to himself. “If I leave the goat and the cabbage together,the goat may eat the cabbage.”What did the boatman do to solve the problem?The solution:First of all the boatman took the goat across in the boat.He left the wolf and cabbages quite safely on the bank,because wolves do not eat cabbages.Then he came back and took the cabbagaes across.He left them on the other bank and came back with the goat because he could not leave the goat with the cabbages.Then he left the goat behind and took the wolf acros .He left the wolf on the other bank with the cabbages and then came back to fetch the goat.In this way he took them all across safely.boatma