一般现在时(使用常识)

一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1、表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2、表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3、表示客观现实客观真理、科学事实、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1、 be动词：主语+be(am，is，are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2、行为动词：主语+（行为）动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1、 be动词的变化（am，is，are）。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：-Are you a student? 答语：-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2、行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football? 答语：- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? 答语：- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?一般现在时（行为动词或称实意动词）动词+s的变化规则1、一般情况下，直接加-s， 如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2、以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es， 如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies注意：1、表示单数的人名、地名、事物名，通常看做是第三人称单数。如Lily（人名），Beijing（地名），a book（事物名）2、含有be动词的肯定句变疑问句A，把第一人称改为第二人称，如：I变you， we变you，my变your。 B， be动词放在句首，其余照抄。如：I am a girl. Are you a girl? 答语：Yes, I am. /No, Im not.1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。 时间状语：always（总是）、usually（通常）、regularly、every day/week（每天/周）、once a month、morning/night/evening/day/week/year, often（经常）、 sometimes（有时）、once a week（一周一次）、 never(从不)、on/at weekend（在周末）seldom（很少）e.g. I leave home for school at 7: 00 every morning.（英语中的时间读法）2、动词（行为动词或称实意动词）变化形式情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加 -s清辅音后读/s/浊辅音和元音后读/z/swim-swims；help-helps；like-likes以o结尾的词加-s或-es读/z/goes, does以ss,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加 -eswatches washes以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加es读/z/study-studies一般现在时动词的第三人称单数 ：have-has（特例） go-goes pass-passes watch-watches try-tries注意：1、表示单数的人名、地名、事物名，通常看做是第三人称单数。如Lily（人名），Beijing（地名），a book（事物名）2、含有be动词的肯定句变疑问句A，把第一人称改为第二人称，如：I变you， we变you，my变your。 B， be动词放在句首，其余照抄。如：I am a girl. Are you a girl? 答语：Yes, I am. /No, Im not. I do my homework. He does his homework. 否定句：I dont do my homework. He doesnt do his homework. 疑问句：Do you do your homework? Does he do his homework? 回答： Yes, I do. Yes, he does. No, I dont. No, he doesnt. (注：第一个does为助动词，第二个do是做的意思） There be结构的一般现在时 1、There be含义：这里有，某地有某物，是存在句。 2、就近性原则：be动词靠近哪一个名词，如果这个名词是单数或不可数名词，用is；如果是复数，则用are。 例如：There is a pen and two books here. There are two pens and a book here. 区别： A pen and a book are here. 该句不是There be 句型，所以不适用就近性原则 3、 There is some water. There are two books. 否定句：There is any water. There are not two books. 疑问句：Is there any water? Are there two books? 回答： Yes, there is. Yes, there are. No, there isnt. No, there arent. 注意：some一般情况下只用于肯定句，而any用于疑问句和否定句。所以肯定句变为疑问句或否定句时，把some改为any。 4、There be 与have区别 There be：无生命 have：有生命用所给动词的正确形式填空：1.There _ some milk in the bottle. (be)2.Would you like something _?(drink)3._she _a book? Yes, she is. (read)4._it like that. (not do)5.He_his homework at school. (not do)6.Fang Ming _(not like )rice at all.7.Do you like _(ride) a bike?8.We_(go)to school at 7:30 in the morning .9.Listen!Lucy _(sing )now.10.Let me _(help) you.11.Where is Lily? She _(read) under the tree.12._Sam and Jim _(make) a kite or a picture?13.Dont_(worry)! Let me help you .14.Can you _(swim)? Yes ,I can .15.Bill speaks Japanese. He _(not speak) Chinese.1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go)