浅谈中西方价值观的差异-英文论文.doc

On the differences between Chinese and Western Values浅谈中西方价值观的差异 Abstract values are the essence of the spirit of national culture. This article analyses the differences between Chinese and Western values according to the value mainstreams, personal-based, Heaven concept, knowledge, and communication and so on.With the profound understanding of Chinese and Western cultures ，we can avoid the mistakes of cross-cultural communication 摘要价值观是民族文化的精神本质。本文从价值主流 、个人本位、天人观 、知识观 、交际观等几个方面析中西方价值观的差异 ，有了对中西方文化更深刻的理解,才能避免跨文化交际失误 。Key words China; West; culture; values; differences关键词中国；西方 ；文化 ；价值观 ；差异 The differences between countries in values, makes the ways of thinking or behavior of people are different in every country. In cross-cultural communication,these differences are easy to cause the misunderstandings between the two sides.Values are the differences in cross-cultural communication. This article will analyze the differences between Chinese and Western values, With the profound understanding of Chinese and Western cultures ，we can avoid the mistakes of cross-cultural communication First,Values and culture. Culture is a rich multi-dimensional extension, it includes the material culture life, social life and spiritual life of the three major areas ,generally it refers to human beings ability and create results that in the process of social practice .Culture includes value systems and values are the cornerstone of culture. Values are also the most profound and difficult part of understanding, and they guide and control peoples behavior all the time. Values are the essence spirit of national culture they decide the characteristics and style of culture .Second, the main differences of the performance between Chinese and Western values. 1. The value of the mainstream. The mainstream of Western cultural values is the spirit of fighting for self-satisfaction. Western culture publicizes personality, emphasizes the protection of individual interests ,focus on the potential of independent individuals and strengthens the awareness of individual rights. The values of mainstream Chinese culture is the spirit of harmony. In the relationship between human and nature, Chinese advocates harmony between human and nature, human and nature can live in harmony. In human relations, emphasize the importance of harmony with the human good .The Chinese nation is a peace-loving and friendly one.2.Unified and pluralistic values. Chinese people are deeply affected by the Confucian. They think that the more conducts a person makes in his life, the more meaningful. Therefore, people who has the largest political vision are affected by such a unitary value of life, most people do not want to be the one who is interested in Natural Science, which were trapped in the embryonic stage of scientific. Also, people have the wisdom to concentrate on political power, so that can creat a real political culture super-solid model in a unique world. In this particular model, the Chinese will have a unique historical phenomenon. The value of life in Western culture was the diversification, politics is a realization of the life value and business is also considered to be very valuable.3.Relationship and humans to nature.In Western country , relationship and humans to nature is :humans control nature . as follows: make life comfortable and convenient ;problems can be solved once we know the facts.The Western experience of human life being separate from nature can be found in the Bible story of creation . As masters of nature .humans are encouraged to control it and exploit it in any way they choose to master the natural world ,people need to study and explore it to figure out how it works ,much as you might figure out how a machine works before you use it .This attitude of looking at the natural world as an object contributed to the development of Western science.In China , relationship and humans to nature is: harmony with nature, as follows: live according to the rhythms of nature;everything has its own character;be balanced.Chinese traditional medicine shows the cultural value of harmony with nature.4.Sense of time.In Western country , sense of time is :future orientation, as follows :control the future by planning for it ;what is past is past and not important ;the young know what is happening ;study history to shape the future .In their mind, each of us has such a bank. Its name is time . Each day it opens a new account for you. Each night it burns the remains of the day.If you fail to use the days deposits,the loss if yours. There is no going back . There is no drawing against the “tomorrow” .You must live in the present on todays deposits . Invest it so as to get from it the utmost in heath, happiness, and success! The clock is running . Make the most of today. And remember that time waits for no one.In China ,sense of time is :past orientation, as follows :tradition if the best teacher; what happened in the past is important today; the old are wise ; break with the past to change society. 5. Activity.In Western country , activity is doing what you are doing. As follows :achieve specific goals; develop procedures and measure results; show the world what you can do; pay attention to actions.Doing culture people often talk a lot and may not be especially physically active. If you ask such a person what they are doing with their talk, they might say that they are planning , problem-solving , gathering information or making decisions. These are important concepts for people from doing cultures because these are the mental activities that lead to action or are the equivalent of action. They consider these activities as well as their achievements to be important ,usually more important than their social status or position. In China , activity is being-who you are, as follows: protect your dignity and the dignity of others; fulfill your role; show the world who you are ;pay attention to people.6.Social relationships In Western country,social relationships is individual, as follows: express your own feelings and ideas ;be as independent and self-reliant as possible; make your own decisions and choices.In culture with individualist values each person is seen as autonomous and separate. In individualist cultures, people are more likely to express pride in themselves and their accomplishment rather than to express pride in their group, company, family ,or hometown. Because an individuals position in life is seen to be the result of his own efforts and ability ,it is difficult for him to feel good when things are not going well.In China , social relationships is hierarchy ,as follows: obey authority; know your place ;treat others according to their position ;look to leading figures to know what to think and do.In both obvious and subtle ways peoples relationships with one another are influenced by where they perceive each other to be in a numbe