英文论文格式范本(本科).doc

英文论文格式范本（本科）：题目：A Perspective of Psycho-analysis toFrankensteins TragedyThesis: A Perspective of Psycho-analysis to FrankensteinsTragedy -从精神分析角度看弗兰肯斯坦的悲剧School or Department: College of Foreign LanguagesGrade and Specialty: Name: Advisor: June10, 2013AbstractFrankenstein is the magnum opus of Mary Shelley, she wrote Frankenstein in a writers challenge from Lord Byron in 1816-1817. The story, based on a horrendous vision, was composed during sweeping life changes. Frankenstein was published anonymously in 1818.In Frankenstein，the factors，including the special relationship between Frankenstein and the monster created by him，distorted characters，strange behaviors，complicated psychological changes，and hidden writing purpose of the author，provide the possibility and necessity for the psychological analysis. This paper adopts Freuds psychoanalytical theory as an approach to analyze the personality structure of the main characters，Frankenstein and the monster，and to disclose the relationship between personality defect and life tragedy，and the importance of the wholesome personality to harmonious life，through the study of the interaction among Id，Ego and Super-egoThis thesis aims to analysis the perspective of psycho-analysis to Frankensteins tragedy, which will help readers well understand the theme of the relationship between the characters tragic fate and personality structure.Key words: Freud; psychoanalysis; personality structure; Id; Ego; Super-ego摘要弗兰肯斯坦是玛丽雪莱的代表作，她在拜伦勋爵的挑战下于1816-1817年写了弗兰肯斯坦。这个故事来自于一个可怕的设想，是在人生变化期间编成的。弗兰肯斯坦出版于1818年。在弗兰肯斯坦中，包含科学怪人和他创造的怪物的特殊关系，扭曲的人物，奇怪的行为，复杂的心理变化，和隐藏着的作者的意图等在内的因素，为心理分析提供了可能性和必要性。这篇文章借助弗洛伊德的精神分析理论分析了主要人物的人性结构。弗兰肯斯坦和怪物，人们之间并不亲密的关系，和他们的人生悲剧，还有整个人性对和谐生活的重要性，在弗洛伊德的“本我”、“自我”、“超我”中的体现。这个主题意在从精神分析角度分析弗兰肯斯坦的悲剧，这将帮助读者更好地理解人物悲惨的命运和人性结构的关系这个主题。Table of ContentsAbstractiTable of ContentsiiChapter 1 Introduction1Chapter 2 Literary Review2Chapter 3 Freuds Death Instinct23.1 The First Function Part of Human Personality-Id23.2 The Second Function Part of Human Personality-Ego23.3 The Third Function Part of Human Personality-Superego2Chapter 4 Analysis Frankensteins tragedy from Freuds Death Instinct24.1 The Combination of Science Fantasy and Gothic Horror24.2 The Circumstances of Death and the Monsters Crazy Revenge2Chapter 5 The inspiration of Frankenstein2Chapter 6 Conclusion3Bibliography3Acknowledgements4Chapter 1 IntroductionMary Shelley was born in 18th-century London to two influential writers. Her mother, Mary Wollstonecraft, was a radical feminist who died after giving birth to Mary, and her father, William Godwin, raised her alone. Mary left home at 16, married Percy Shelley after his first wifes suicide, and wrote Frankenstein in a writers challenge from Lord Byron in 1816-1817. The story, based on a horrendous vision, was composed during sweeping life changes. Frankenstein was published anonymously in 1818. However, the story is enduring in its psychological drama, questions asked, and memorable characterizations. The story has adapted to many forms, with each adaptation telling a very different version of Shelleys original tale.Frankenstein was a truly genius in science. Yet he didnt develop a full-fledged character. While he was obsessed in his horrid experiment, he never thought of the possibly tragic consequence. The pursuit of success and the prospect of creating a whole new race preoccupied his mind and barred him from rational reasoning. When it was finally finished, realizing it was not the consummation of his career, but rather the commencement of a serial catastrophe, he abandoned the poor creature, like a deformed baby left behind by their ruthless parents. It was Frankensteins irresponsibility that triggered the following tragedies. He shouldnt have created the creature; he shouldnt have abandoned it either. In no circumstances should anybody commit sins. In case it already came true one should do everything they can to amend it, rather than run away from it. Besides, he never had a practical plan or tried to think up one to tackle the situation. He spent all his time in moaning and groaning. Many a time he drowned himself in sadness, regardless of the creature he set loose to the world. Men dont act like that! Maybe God is fair. He bestowed Frankenstein an exceptionally brilliant brain, yet didnt bestow a mind strong enough to sustain the pain.Chapter 2 Literary ReviewFrankenstein was a truly genius in science. Yet he didnt develop a full-fledged character. While he was obsessed in his horrid experiment, he never thought of the possibly tragic consequence. The pursuit of success and the prospect of creating a whole new race preoccupied his mind and barred him from rational reasoning. When it was finally finished, realizing it was not the consummation of his career, but rather the commencement of a serial catastrophe, he abandoned the poor creature, like a deformed baby left behind by their ruthless parents. It was Frankensteins irresponsibility that triggered the following tragedies. He shouldnt have created the creature; he shouldnt have abandoned it either.Chapter 3 Freuds Death InstinctFreud put forward a triple personality theory, namely the id, ego, superego. The id, ego and superego are always conflicting, especially the id and superego are often in a state of irreconcilable antagonism.3.1 The First Function Part of Human Personality-IdIn the Freudian system, the Id is the container of the instinctual urges. It is the unconscious part of mind, which seeks immediate sat is faction of desires. It is concerned with what a person wants to do. 3.2 The Second Function Part of Human Personality-EgoEgo is the rational, thoughtful, realistic personal ity process. It is characterized by a desire for independence, autonomy and self direction. It is concerned with what a person can do. 3.2 The Third Function Part of Human Personality-SuperegoSuperego is the idealized image that a person builds of himself in response to authority and social pressures. Chapter 4 Analysis Frankensteins tragedy from Freuds Death Instinct4.1 The Combination of Science Fantasy and Gothic HorrorMonster is a more primitive life forms, here, Freuds death instinct and survival instinct will appear obviously, and he is a necessity unacceptable man precisely. 4.2 The Circumstances of Death and the Monsters RevengeDeath is the end of the monster, when the death instinct turned to the outside world, the monster will project death instinct on the creator and the creator family. And when the monster project death instinct on himself, he will blame and resent himself, and finally, resulting to suicide.Chapter 5 The inspiration of FrankensteinEthics and Law is one of a road, but the road is implemented by limiting human behaviors. And art shape a new world, thats also a platform for us to think about the problems of reality. In this world, all the unreasonable situations will not cause real tragedies.Chapter 6 ConclusionFreuds id theory reflects one of his dissatisfactions with modern civilization. He believed that modern civilization will bring unhappy results by its limits to people, and in such a modern civilized society, both sex and aggressive impulses will be suppressed, so he is dissatisfaction. Freuds theory has not only reasonable aspects, but also biases. However, his theory indeed provides a new perspective for human to understand themselves and the world created by them.Bibliography1 弗洛伊德.精神分析引论新编M.高觉敷译.北京：商务印书馆，1987：84. 2 玛丽雪莱.弗兰肯斯坦M.刘新民译.上海：上海译文出版社，2007：48.3 弗洛伊德S自我与本我M林尘，张唤民，陈伟奇，译上海:上海译文出版社，20114 WILLIAM JThe egoJThe British Medical Journal，1927，1(3465)5 雅各布斯 M精