2015届高考考前热身专练：日常生活、社会环保类阅读1.doc

2015届高考考前热身专练：日常生活、社会环保类阅读1.（2014届陕西省五校联盟高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷）It seems hard to watch someone yawn（打哈欠） and not to yawn ourselves. Even reading about yawning can make you do it. Now, a new study has found why yawning has such a powerful force. Yawning when others yawn, the study suggests, is a sign of pity and a form of social connection. Kids dont develop this deeply rooted behavior until around age four, the study found. Kids with autism (自闭症) are less likely to catch yawns. In the most serious cases, they never do. Yawning might help doctors to see whether the children are developing rightly. The work could also lead to a better understanding of the ways that people communicate and connect. Emotional infection seems to be a born thing that connects us together, said Molly Helt, a graduate student in psychology at the University of Connecticut. Yawning may be part of that. Inspiration for her study came when she tried to get her own autistic son to clear his ears on an airplane. She repeatedly yawned at him, hoping he would yawn back. He never did. The fact that autistic kids dont do it might mean theyre really missing out on that emotional connection with people around them, she said. The biggest thing people try to figure out after birth is how we become humans and understand that humans have minds that are different from others, she added. Autistic people never seem to understand that. Like infectious （有感染力的）laughter and crying, scientists have found that yawning is a shared experience that promotes social connection. Helt said it could fight stress after a period of being nervous and spread a feeling of calm through a group.1What does the new study suggest, according to the first two paragraphs? A. Yawning is a form of communication. B. It is easy to stop yawning when you see others yawn.C. Children follow others in yawning just after they are born. D. Yawning has some mysterious force which is related to God.2According to Molly Helt, _. A. humans differ from animals because they communicate with others B. yawning is a kind of emotional connection among humansC. emotions are infectious, but yawning is notD. yawning helps clear ears on planes3Which of the following is NOT true about yawning?A. It is natural to yawn back if people around you yawn.B. Some kids are too young to yawn after others.C. Yawning can be used to test childrens development.D. Kids with autism yawn easily when others yawn. 4The author implies in the last paragraph that _.A. yawning is different from infectious laughter and crying in theoryB. it is bad manners to yawn on some social occasionsC. the more you yawn, the happier you will be D. yawning can make people feel relaxed 2.（2014届陕西省五校联盟高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷）The Swiss army knife is a popular device that is recognized all over the world. In Switzerland, there is a saying that every good Swiss citizen has one in his or her pocket. But the knife had poor beginnings.In the late nineteenth century, the Swiss army issued（发给） its soldiers a gun that required a special screwdriver（螺丝刀） to take it apart and clean it. At the same time, canned food was becoming common in the army. Swiss generals decided to issue each soldier a standard knife to serve both as a screwdriver and a can opener.It was a lifesaver for Swiss knife makers, who were struggling to compete with cheaper German imports. In 1884, Carl Elsener, head of the Swiss knife manufacturer（maker） Victorinox, seized that opportunity with both hands, and designed a soldiers knife that the army loved. It was a simple knife with one big blade(刀片), a can opener, and a screwdriver.A few years after the soldiers knife was issued, the Schweizer Offizier Messer, or Swiss Officers Knife, came on the market. Interestingly, the Officers Knife was never given to those serving in the army. The Swiss army purchasers considered the new model with a corkscrew（瓶塞钻） for opening wine not essential for survival, so officers had to buy this new model by themselves. But its special multi-functional design later launched(发行) the knife as a global brand. After the Second World War, a great number of American soldiers were stationed in Europe. And as they could buy the Swiss army knife at shops on army bases, they bought huge quantities of them. However, it seems that Schweizer Offizier Messer was too difficult for them to say, so they just called it the Swiss army knife, and that is the name it is now known by all over the world.5What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain the origin of the Swiss army knife.B. To introduce the functions of the Swiss army knife.C. To emphasize the importance of the Swiss army knife.D. To tell a story about the designer of the Swiss army knife.6What does It in the third paragraph refer to?A. The Swiss army needed a knife for every soldier.B. Every good Swiss citizen had a knife in his pocket.C. Swiss knives were competing with imported knives.D. Canned food was becoming popular in the Swiss army.7Why didnt the Swiss army purchase the Swiss Officers Knife?A. The design of the knife was too simple.B. The knife was sold out to American soldiers.C. The army had no budget to make the purchase.D. The new design was not considered necessary for officers to own.8Who gave the name the Swiss army knife to the knife discussed in the passage?A. Carl Elsener.B. Swiss generals.C. American soldiers. D. German businessmen.3.（2014届北京市顺义区高三3月统一测试英语试卷）College is a fresh start, and a chance to make new friends. These friends may become your lifelong friends, or the person you want to spend the rest of your life with. Whether you are going to a nearby college or the university far away from home, you are likely to meet new people wherever you are. Here are some advice to help you make friends at college.Clearly, your classmates are all possible friends! Get to class early on the first day, and if you get there early enough, you will be in the room, or waiting outside it, with one other person, or a small group. A good casual opener would be to ask if youre in the right classroom, then introduce yourself, and explain that youre new, and a freshman. Do this at all of your classes, and you will have a group of friends that you can make study groups with, take notes for you when youre absent or sick.If you live in a dormitory, your hall will most likely have many fun activities to take part in. Take advantage of them, and go to as many as you can. Knowing your friends living in the same hall will also come in convenience because they will be the ones hosting and inviting you to parties that you will be missing out. Joining as many organizations as possible will also help you make new friends quickly. Parties are there to help students form close relationship with each other. Doing a team sport is another great idea. The best part of joining an organization is that youll find people who share your interests, and with whom youll therefore have a lot to talk about.9Getting to class early will _. A. give you more information about the teacherB. let you concentrate more on your classC. give you a good chance to make friendsD. leave a good impression on others10According to the text, the friends you get to know in class may _.A. share your interestsB. invite you to partiesC. help you to become a good player D. take notes for you11What is the meaning of freshman in paragraph 2?A. A classmate. B. A student in the first year.C. A girl student. D. A new teacher. 12Which piece of advice is NOT given by the author?A. Make friends with your classmates.B. Take part in dorm activities.C. Do the same team sports as your classmates.D. Join as many organizations as possible.4.（2014届天津市十二区县重点校高三第一次模拟联考英语试卷）The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on well with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly-held image of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels.An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it had ever been in the past. “We were surprised by just how positive todays young people seem to be about their families,” said one number of the research team. “Theyre expected to be rebellious and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds: they want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. Theres more negotiation and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They dont want to rock the boat.”So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says 17-year-old Daniel Lazall. “I always tell them when Im going out clubbing. As long as they know what Im doing, theyre fine with me.” Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees. “Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiation. For example, as long as Id done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments, “Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to taking it over. ”13What is the popular image of the teenagers today？A. They worry about school.B. They dislike living with their parents.C. They have to be locked in to avoid troubles.D. They quarrel a lot with other family members.14The study shows that teenagers dont want to _.A. share family responsibilityB. cause trouble in their familiesC. go boating with their familyD. make family decisions15Compared with parents of 30 years ago, todays parents _.A. go to clubs more often with their childrenB. are much stricter with their childrenC. care less about their childrens lifeD. give their children more freedom16According to the writer, teenage rebellion _.A. may be a false beliefB. is common nowadaysC. existed only in the 1960sD. resulted from changes in families17What is the passage mainly about？A. Negotiation in family.B. Education in family.C. Harmony in family.D. Teenage trouble in family. 5.（2014届贵州省六校联盟高三第二次联考英语试卷）Have you ever picked a job based on the fact that you were good at it but later found it made you feel very uncomfortable over time? When you select your career, theres a whole lot more to it than assessing your skills and matching them with a particular position. If you ignore your personality, it will get you a long-term hurt regardless of your skills or the jobs pay. There are several areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job. Here are a few of those main areas:1) Do you prefer working alone or with other people?There are isolating（孤立的）jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasy. Most people are not extremes in either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer. There are also positions that are sometimes a combination of the two, which may be best for someone in the middle who adapts easily to either situation.2) How do you handle change?Most jobs these days have some elements of change to them, but some are more than others. If you need stability in your life, you may need a job where the changes dont happen so often. Other people would be bored of the same daily routine.3) Do you enjoy working with computers？ I do see this as a kind of personality characteristic. There are people who are happy to spend more than 40 hours a week on a computer, while there are others who need a lot of human interaction throughout the day. Again, these are extremes and youll likely find a lot of positions somewhere in the middle as well.4) What type of work environment do you enjoy？ This can range from being in a large building with a lot of people you wont know immediately to a smaller setting where youll get to know almost all the people there fairly quickly.5) How do you like to get paid? Some people are motivated by the pay they get, while others feel too stressed to be like that. The variety of payment designs in the sales industry is a typical example for this. Anyway, these are a great starting point for you. Ive seen it over and over again with people that they make more money over time when they do something they love. It may take y