牛津高中英语模块一Unit3 词汇详细释义.doc

这个文档是自学的时候，用网络上的搜索、自己查了很久字典，把第三单元的新词汇归结在这里。希望对大家有帮助。牛津高中英语模块一Unit3 1. work outWell have to work out how much food well need for the party. (Calculate)Im not telling you the answer-work it out for yourself. (Understand)If we go by taxi, its going to work out very expensive. The bill works out at $15 each. I havent work out who is going to look after the kids tonight. (find)Financially, things have worked out very well for us.(get better)I cannot work Geoff out, one day hes friendly the next day he ignores me completely. He works out with weights twice a week.(exercise)2. slim不用fat，而使用overweight（超重），plump（丰满，女性），stout（健壮，男性）；说到人瘦不用thin, skinny（瘦的皮包骨头），而用slim或slender（苗条，女性），lean（精干，男性）；说到丑，人们也不用ugly，而用plain-looking或home- looking（长相一般）3. ashamedBe ashamed of doing sth. You ought to be ashamed of yourself. embarrassed尴尬，中性词 ashamed可耻，贬义词4. Failure is the mother of success.5. treatment Steven took his osn t o the zoo as a birthday treat. My treatTreatment: give sb. Treatment 6. pain ache n. 1. (持续性的)疼痛CU There were aches in his joints. 他关节疼痛。 sore a. 1. 痛的;疼痛发炎的;一碰就痛的( from) I have a sore throat. 我喉咙痛。 n.C 1. (身体上的)痛处;疮,溃疡 2. (精神上的)痛处,恨事,伤心事 Lets not reopen old sores. 我们可别再提旧时的伤心事了。 pain n. 1. 痛,疼痛;痛苦U The death of her son gave her infinite pain. 她儿子的去世使她悲痛欲绝。 2. (身体特定部位的)疼痛C She has a pain in her stomach. 她胃痛。 7. Damagedamage指损害某物。wound指人在战斗，攻击中身体受伤，出现明显的伤口。hurt，injure指人在平时或事故中受伤，还表示伤害感情自尊等。hurt更表示有强烈的疼痛感。 The city is all damaged (城市整个都毁了) He did not suffer any injuries in the accident. （他在事故中没有任何损伤。） The soldier was badly wounded. （那个士兵受了重伤。） I didnt mean to hurt your feelings. （我本无意伤害你的感情。）8. Attractive - Attract / attack 9. pressure - under their pressure. Press10. Diet - go on a diet / Diet food, diet coke11. Preferwould prefer 宁愿；更喜欢 prefer to do 宁可做某事；更喜欢做某事 prefer doing 喜欢做某事 12. WaistMeasurements of the chest, waist and hips13. Suffersuffer from遭受；忍受；患；患病 he suffers from a sharp/dull pain. You must suffer the test.你必须经受考验If you break the law, you must be prepared to suffer the consequences.Suffering (CU) The suffering of innocent people during a war.14. Athlete 运动员 athlete, sportsman（1）广义上讲，凡经常参加体育运动及体育比赛者，或专业从事体育运动的人，都可以称为运动员。以下这些英语词均可表示这个意思：athlete运动员（尤指田径运动员）contestant参赛者、选手（参加各种比赛的人，不仅仅是体育运动）sportsman运动员（尤指户外运动的）、爱好运动者player选手，运动员；球员（参加体育运动的人）competitor比赛者、竞争者、对手participant（体育活动之）参加者，参与者15. Effect side-effect; sound effect - EffectiveAffectaffect 与 effect 均可表示“影响”，其区别是：前者是动词(及物)，主要指一时的影响，着重影响的动作，可指一般意义的影响(不分好坏)，也可指不良影响；后者是名词(可数或不可数)，两者的关系大致为：affecthave an effect on.如：To affect a policy is to have an effect on it. 影响一项政策就是对该政策具有一种影响。The news did not affect her at all.The news had no effect on her at all. 这条消息对她没有一点影响。注：effect 有时虽用作动词(及物)，但不表示“影响”，而表示“实现”或“产生”等。如：They effected their escape in the middle of the night. 他们半夜逃脱了。He effected great changes in the company. 他使公司发生了巨大的变化。16. Achievement (CU) a remarkable achievement17. Including include me out 18. downtown suburb, rural area, remote area19. equipment (U) a piece of 20. Expert: special skill or special knowledge of a subject + on/in/at21. Chip fish and chips (BrE) French Fries (AmE), crisp22. Sadness, sorrow, grief, misery, woe这组名词都有悲哀,忧伤的意思: sadness意为悲痛,悲伤,是这组词中最常用的词,泛指悲伤。该词也有使人悲伤(或难过)的事的意思,这时常用复数形式。例如:Janes happy smile was only a disguise for her sadness. 掩饰She has experienced too many sad-nesses this year. 今年她经历了太多的伤心事。 sorrow意为悲伤,悲痛,常指由于发生了不幸、苦难或很糟糕的事情而造成的悲伤,有时也暗示一种悔恨的心情,程度要比sadness强。也有伤心事,不幸的意思,用来指那种非常令人伤心的事情或很不幸的遭遇。例如:Having failed in finding a new job, Tom could only alleviate his sorrow by drinking. 由于找不到新的工作,汤姆只能借酒消愁。Obviously, sorrow has bowed that young mans spirit. 很明显,悲哀挫伤了那个年轻人的锐气。 grief意为悲痛,悲伤,伤心,尤指因某人去世而引起的精神上的极度痛苦,是深切的个人痛苦。也指伤心事,悲痛事。例如:Susan was overcome with grief when her husband died. 丈夫去世时苏珊悲痛欲绝。The couple were able to share their common joys and griefs. 这对夫妻做到了同甘共苦。 misery指身心承受的巨大痛苦和不幸,也指导致这种心境的一切因素和事情。例如:Frame brought her nothing but misery. 名声只是给她带来了痛苦。These farmers suffered untold misery before the liberation in 1949. 1949年解放前这些农民受过难以言表的苦。 woe意为悲哀,悲伤,深深的痛苦或苦恼。指剧烈、经常是漫长的不幸或悲惨境遇。属老式用语,常用于幽默语中。例如:Janes life was full of woe. 简的生活充满了悲哀。She told me all her woes. 她向我倾诉了她的全部苦恼。 23. ComfortMake yourself comfortable feel comfortableComforter（美）被子 duvet ；（英）羊毛围巾24. in the long termspring termterm of office 1) one way of regarding sth. 2) words/language 3) period of time 4) conditions /agreement 4) relationship25. Approximately/About/Roughly The plane will be landing in approximately 20 mins.26. Skip not do sth, Skip breakfast/ skip chemistry class27. Properly : correctly. Granny will be there, so behave properly.Proper ：right, suitable, or correct. Put it back in its proper place.28. Mostly: In most cases or most of the time: I mostly work as a researcher, writer, or teacher.You should eat mostly rice.29. CountHis promises dont count for much. (important or valuable thing)I count Jules and ady among my closest friends. (include)30. concentrateconcentrate onconcentrat